Siye Dialects

None of the dialects participate in the recent (2248/49) voicing changes of Standard Siye

Siye (Susu)

The dialect of Siye dismissively known as Susu has as its principal feature the collapse of the affricates into the fricatives. This creates surprisingly few problems, so much so that some broad-minded Simayamka consider Susu 'barely a dialect' (a compliment). The main grammatical feature of Susu is the replacement of the directional suffix /tu/ [su], now homophonous with the directional suffix /su/ [su], with [sa].

[tʃ] > [ʃ] /kilu/ 'fortress', Standard [ʧʰi.lu], Susu [ʃi.lu]

[ts] > [s] /kutum/ 'hudzu-priest', Standard [xu.dzʊⁿ], Susu [xu.sʊⁿ]

[tç] > [ç] /pimuyamka/ 'wisemen', Standard [tçʰi.mu.jæⁿ.ka], Susu [çi.mu.jæⁿ.ka]

Siye (Tsishi)

The Tsishi dialect features the coalescence of the high vowels and the creation of new phonemes from allophones.

l > ʎ/_i /lusili/, 'town, city' Standard [lu.ʃi.li], Tsishi [li.ʃi.ʎi]

n > ɲ/_i /omnuni/ 'lustful(ly)', Standard [ɔⁿ.nu.ni], Tsishi [ɔⁿ.nu.ɲi]

u > i

Changes in Tsishi

Recent (2250) changes in the Tsishi dialect have produced geminate consonants and closed oral syllables.

ʧ > ʃʃ [-ʃʃi] INS vs [-ʃi] INCL

ʦ > ss [-ssi] DAT vs [-si] ALL vs [-s◌̃ɪ] ABL

ʎ > ll [ʃilli] 'house', [ʧili] 'fort' [liʃillisi] 'to the town'

ɲ > nn [-nni] COM [-ni] DIR.SUB

Siye (Tsushi)

Tsushi is a newly (2250) recorded dialect or sub-dialect of Tsishi. Hypercorrection of the consonants preceding Tsishi i < u, i has resulted in:

[xi] for /ki/ [tʃi]

[ɸi] for initial /pi/ [tç]

[ʃu] for non-initial /pu/ [ɸu]

[si] for /si/ [ʃi]

Ye

Ye has two variations, rural and urban. Urban Ye has restored the Standard Siye vowels, but Rural Ye has kept the original vowel changes.

Cases	Case Number	Case Suffix	Notes
Nominative-Absolutive	1, 1a	-0
Accusative	2	-[ɔ]
Ergative	3	-[nɔ]
Vocative	20	-[i]
Genitive	4	-[ne]
Possessive	5	-[me]
Ablative	6	-[◌̃ɛ], -0
Locative	7	-[k◌̃æ]
Allative-Dative	(8) 9	-[θi]
Instrumental	10	-[xi]
Comitative	13	-[ni]
Elative	15	-[k◌̃ɛ]	LOC + ABL
Inessive	16	-[k◌̃æxi]	LOC + LOC
Illative	17	-[k◌̃æθi]	LOC + ALL
Abessive	18	-[nito]	COM + to

General Directionals	Abbreviation	Meaning	Notes
-[xi]-	DIR.STAT	in place
-[nɔ]-	DIR.SUPER	up
-[ni]-	DIR.SUB	down	Older [ny]
-[i]-, -[0]-	DIR.ABL	away from	Older [y], [hy]; Ye absence of Directional implies DIR.ABL
-[θi]-	DIR.ALL	towards	Older [θy]

PAM Suffixes	Abbreviation	Aspect	Polarity	Mood	Notes	Early Siye
-[mɔ]-	IPFV.POS.RLS (PAM1, P1)	Imperfective	Positive	Realis		-mea-
-[nɔ]-	PFV.POS.RLS (PAM2, P2)	Perfective	Positive	Realis		-nea-
-[me]-	IPFV.POS.IRLS (PAM3, P3)	Imperfective	Positive	Irrealis		-me-
-[ne]-	PFV.POS.RLS (PAM4, P4)	Perfective	Positive	Irrealis		-ne-
-[mɔ:]-	IPFV.POS.RLS (PAM5, P5)	Imperfective	Negative	Realis		-meau-
-[nɔ:]-	PFV.POS.RLS (PAM6, P6)	Perfective	Negative	Realis		-neau-
-[mi:]-	IPFV.POS.IRLS (PAM7, P7)	Imperfective	Negative	Irrealis	Subjunctive	-meu-
-[ni:]-	PFV.POS.IRLS (PAM8, P8)	Perfective	Negative	Irrealis	Contrafactual	-neu-

Urban Ye

s, ɸ, ʃ > h

tʃ > ʃ

ts > s

tç > ç

w, j > 0 /kiwa/ 'red' Standard [ʧʰi.ʋɑ], Urban Ye [xɑ:], Rural Ye [xɔ:]

h > 0 /eleyemputsuma/, Standard [e.le.jɛⁿ.ɸu.tsu.mɑ], Urban Ye [e.lɛⁿ:.ʔu.θu.mɑ], Rural Ye [e.lɛⁿ:.ʔy.θy.mɔ]

ʃ > x /kilusu/ 'towards the fortress' Standard [ʧʰi.lu.su], Urban Ye [xi.lu:]

s > θ /kamsutu/ 'cloak', Standard [kæⁿ.su.tsu], Urban Ye [kʰæⁿ.ʔu.θu]

ç > s /pitake/ 'beast', Standard [tçʰi.tɑ.ke], Urban Ye [si.tɑ.ke], Rural Ye [si.tɔ.ke]

Rural Ye

ɛⁿ > æⁿ /-kem/ loc., Standard [gɛⁿ], Rural Ye [gæⁿ]

ɑ > ɔ /pala/ 'what?', Standard/Urban Ye [pɑ.lɑ], Rural Ye [pɔ.lɔ]

æⁿ > ɪɘⁿ Mostly found in local words of pre-Siye origin - Rural Ye /ansa/ 'Martian duck' [ɪɘⁿ.sjɘⁿ]

Cæⁿ > Cjɘⁿ /kamsutu/ 'cloak', Standard [kæⁿ.su.tsu], Rural Ye [kʰjɘⁿ.y.θy]

ɔⁿ > ɒⁿ /omnum/ 'ecstasy', Standard [ɔⁿ.nʌⁿ], Rural Ye [ɒⁿ.nɛⁿ]

u > y /kilu/ 'towards the fortress', Standard [ʧʰi.lu.su], Rural Ye [xi.ly:]

ʌⁿ > ɛⁿ /omnum/ 'ecstasy', Standard [ɔⁿ.nʌⁿ], Rural Ye [ɒⁿ.nɛⁿ]