Kala/particles: Difference between revisions

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Line 10: Line 10:
* '''pa'''  
* '''pa'''  
: ''although; even; despite''
: ''although; even; despite''
:: '''ha hina <span style="color:red">pa</span> na kuhu''' - <small>3s here despite 1s protest</small> - ''She is here despite my protest.''
:: '''ha hina <span style="color:red">pa</span> kuhu nayo''' - <small>3s here despite protest 1s.GEN</small> - ''She is here despite my protest.''


=== mpa ===
=== mpa ===

Revision as of 13:06, 19 January 2018

See also: Kala lexicon

These are the functional particles used in Kala. Their grammatical range and use can vary widely. Examples given are common uses.


pa ta ka ma na nya sa ha tsa tla ua la ya a

pa

  • pa
although; even; despite
ha hina pa kuhu nayo - 3s here despite protest 1s.GEN - She is here despite my protest.

mpa

  • mpe marks the Limitative (LIM)
only; just; merely
ya mpe ina - VOC LIM eat - Just eat!

ta

nta

ka

  • ka
marks the Interrogative (Q)
mo mita ka - place dog Q - Where is the dog?
ta unya ka - 2s understand Q - Do you understand?

nka

  • nka
marks the Imperative Negative (also called "vetative") (VET)
nka sima - VET sit - Do not sit!
nka - VET - No!

ma

na

nya

sa

ha

tsa

tla

ua

ya

a