Kala/affixes: Difference between revisions
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* '''-ta''' marks the [[wp:Grammatical_gender|Masculine]] ('''MASC''') | * '''-ta''' marks the [[wp:Grammatical_gender|Masculine]] ('''MASC''') | ||
: from [[Kala/lexicon#tla|'''tlaka''']] | : from [[Kala/lexicon#tla|'''tlaka''']] | ||
:: '''mo ke uma<span style="color:red">ta</span> hayo''' - <small>place O horse-MASC 3s.GEN Q</small> - ''Where's her stallion?'' | :: '''mo ke uma<span style="color:red">ta</span> hayo ka''' - <small>place O horse-MASC 3s.GEN Q</small> - ''Where's her stallion?'' | ||
* '''-te''' marks the [[wp:Irrealis_mood#List_of_irrealis_moods|Precative]] ('''PREC''') | * '''-te''' marks the [[wp:Irrealis_mood#List_of_irrealis_moods|Precative]] ('''PREC''') | ||
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* '''-na''' marks the [[wp:Grammatical_gender|Feminine]] ('''FEM''') | * '''-na''' marks the [[wp:Grammatical_gender|Feminine]] ('''FEM''') | ||
: from [[Kala/lexicon#na|'''naka''']] | : from [[Kala/lexicon#na|'''naka''']] | ||
:: '''mo ke uma<span style="color:red">na</span> hayo''' - <small>place O horse-FEM 3s.GEN Q</small> - ''Where's his mare?'' | :: '''mo ke uma<span style="color:red">na</span> hayo ka''' - <small>place O horse-FEM 3s.GEN Q</small> - ''Where's his mare?'' | ||
* '''-ne''' marks the [[wp:Propositive_mood|Propositive]] ('''PROP''') | |||
: from [[Kala/lexicon#na|'''neya''']] | |||
:: '''ta moku<span style="color:red">ne</span>''' - <small>2s sleep-PROP</small> - '' You should sleep.'' | |||
* '''-tlai''' marks the [[wp:Future_tense|Immediate Future]] ('''IMM''') | * '''-tlai''' marks the [[wp:Future_tense|Immediate Future]] ('''IMM''') | ||
Revision as of 06:13, 5 November 2017
See also: Kala lexicon
These are the functional affixes used in Kala.
- -pa marks the Abilitative (ABIL)
- from pala
- na mokuyepak - 1s sleep-PST-ABIL-NEG - I was unable to sleep.
- nam mue pana ke mauam anyapak - 1pl without rain O flower-PL see-ABIL-NEG - We cannot see the flowers without rain.
- -pya marks the Attemptative (ATT)
- from upya
- neko ke panya matapya - cat O mouse kill-ATT - The cat is trying to kill the mouse.
- ima ha inapyak - now 3s eat-ATT-NEG - She hasn't tried to eat yet.
- -ta marks the Masculine (MASC)
- from tlaka
- mo ke umata hayo ka - place O horse-MASC 3s.GEN Q - Where's her stallion?
- -te marks the Precative (PREC)
- from teya
- ke asi yetate - O salt give-PREC - Will you please pass me the salt?
- simate - sit-PREC - Please, sit.
- -ke marks the Dubitative (DUB)
- from ketsa
- ha tsakahueke - 3s home-LOC-DUB - I guess he is at home. lit: He is at home, supposedly.
- kam inyake - 3pl hunger-DUB - (It's doubtful that) they are hungry.
- -ma marks "time for ~" (time.for)
- from ama
- yomatli tuslama - tomorrow clebrate-time.for - Tomorrow is time for celebration.
- -na marks the Feminine (FEM)
- from naka
- mo ke umana hayo ka - place O horse-FEM 3s.GEN Q - Where's his mare?
- -ne marks the Propositive (PROP)
- from neya
- ta mokune - 2s sleep-PROP - You should sleep.
- -tlai marks the Immediate Future (IMM)
- -tli marks the Future Tense (FUT)
- from atli
- naka tahi tlepatli - woman boy teach-FUT - The woman will teach the boy.
Notes
- The -u / u- is used to replace redundant syllables.
