Senjecas - when: Difference between revisions

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m (→‎Pronunciation chart: Orthography revision.)
m (Grammar corrections. Style revison. Glossing table updated.)
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===Pronunciation table===
==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
!p
!p
!b
!b
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===Glossing abbreviations===
==Glossing abbreviations==
::{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
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|EQU = equative degree
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = instrument
|INS = instrument
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|PST = past
|-
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|CONV = conversive
|F = feminine
|F = feminine
|INT = intensive prefix
|INT = intensive prefix
|QUOT = direct quotation
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|-
|-
|3p/m = third person [[Wikipedia:Demonstrative#distal and proximal demonstratives|proximal/medial]]
|
|ADV = adverb
|ADV = adverb
|DIM = diminutive
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|M = masculine
|REL = [[Wikipedia:Relativizer|relativizer]]
|QUOT = direct quotation
|-
|-
|4 = [[Wikipedia:Obviative|fourth person]]
|
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|DIM = diminutive
|FUT = future
|FUT = future
|PP = patient (past) participle
|OCC = occupation suffix
|RPRF = recent perfective
|RPRF = recent perfective
|-
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|AP = agent (active) participle
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|IMP = imperative
|IMP = imperative
|PRF = perfect
|PP = patient (past) participle
|SBJ = subjunctive
|SBJ = subjunctive
|-
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|AUG = augmentative
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative|elative]]
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|PRF = perfect
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|
|
|
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|IND = indicative
|IND = indicative
|PST = past
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|
|
|}
|}




===Adverb===
==Adverb==
*1. '''xánu''' - introduces questions about time
*'''1.''' '''xánu''' - introduces questions about time
::'''nus xán' u-tőpa:'''
*When will they arrive?
::When will they arrive?
*'''éȝus xán' u-tőpa:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!éȝ-us||xán-'||u=tőp-a
!n-us||xán-'||u=tőp-a
|-
|-
|3-N.p||when-ELIS||FUT-arrive-IND
|they-N.p||when-ELIS||FUT-arrive-IND
|}
|}




*2. '''xánu''' - introduces indirect questions about time  
*'''2.''' '''xánu''' - introduces indirect questions about time
::'''tu—nun xán' u-tőpu—sa̋a̋rame:
*Do you know when they will arrive?
::Do you know when they will arrive?
*'''tu—éȝun xán' u-tőpu—sa̋a̋rame:
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!t-u||n-un||xán-'||u=tőp-u||sa̋a̋r-a-me
!t-u||n-un||xán-'||u=tőp-u||sa̋a̋r-a-me
|-
|-
|2s-N||3-A.p||when-ELIS||FUT=arrive-SUP||know-IND-Q
|2s-N||they-A.p||when-ELIS||FUT=arrive-SUP||know-IND-Q
|}
|}




===Conjunction===
==Conjunction==
*3. '''téni''' - at what time
*'''3.''' '''téni''' - at what time
::'''nus te̋e̋aþus e-ı̋la téni šepe̋ȝa:'''
*They were told when to sleep
::They were told when to sleep
*'''éȝus te̋e̋aþus e-ı̋la—téni šepe̋ȝa:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!éȝ-us||te̋e̋-a-þ-us||e=ı̋l-a||téni||šep-e̋ȝa
!n-us||te̋e̋-a-þ-us||e=ı̋l-a||téni||šep-e̋ȝa
|-
|-
|3-N.p||tell-IND-PP-N.p||PST=become-IND||when||sleep-SBJ
|they-N.p||tell-IND-PP-N.p||PST=become-IND||when||sleep-SBJ
|}
|}
*''Deranking not permitted.''




*4. '''méti''' - at the time of the action of the following clause or participle phrase  
*'''4.''' '''méti''' - at the time of the action of the following clause or participle phrase  
 
*It was raining when I arrived yesterday.
::'''e-sűűm̃a méti mu hesáhvi e-tőpa:'''
*'''e-sűűm̃a—méti mu hesáhvi e-tőpa:'''
::It was raining when I arrived yesterday.
:{|
 
::{| Class=wikitable
!e=sűűm̃-a||méti||m-u||hes=áh=vi||e=tőp-a
!e=sűűm̃-a||méti||m-u||hes=áh=vi||e=tőp-a
|-
|-
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*5. '''méti''' - since, given the fact that
*'''5.''' '''hi''' - since, given the fact that
 
*Why are you preparing a party when he won't be here.
::'''tu xávu sa̋rnom fa̋ra hi nu íð' u-vűűa ne:'''
*'''tu xávu sa̋rnom fa̋ra—hi éȝu íð' u-vűűa ne:'''
::Why are you preparing a party when he won't be here.
:{|
 
!t-u||xávu||sa̋rn-om||fa̋r-a||hi||éȝ-u||íð-'||u=vűű=a||ne
::{| Class=wikitable
!t-u||xávu||sa̋rn-om||fa̋r-a||hi||n-u||íð-'||u=vűű=a||ne
|-
|-
|2s-N||why||party-A.s||prepare-IND||when||3-N.s||here-ELIS||FUT=be-IND||not
|2s-N||why||party-A.s||prepare-IND||when||he-N.s||here-ELIS||FUT=be-IND||not
|}
|}




===Pronoun===
==Pronoun==
*6. '''xa keesa̋s pósa''' - from the time at which something happens
*'''6.''' '''xa keesa̋s pósa''' - from the time at which something happens
 
*Since when has he been king.
::'''nu xa keesa̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣu vŭvűűa:'''
*'''éȝu xa keesa̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣu vŭvűűa:'''
::Since when has he been king.
:{|
 
!éȝ-u||xa-Ø||kees-a̋s||pósa||re̋e̋ƣ-u||vŭ~vűű-a
::{| Class=wikitable
!n-u||xa-Ø||kees-a̋s||pósa||re̋e̋ƣ-u||vŭ~vűű-a
|-
|-
|3-N.s||what-ABS||time-G.s||since||king-N.s||PRF~be-IND
|3-N.s||what-ABS||time-G.s||since||king-N.s||PRF~be-IND
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===Interjection===
==Interjection==
*7. '''ma̋ta''' – that's enough
*'''7.''' '''ma̋ta''' – that's enough
 
*Just say when.
::'''m̃a ma̋ta m̃ar dáámu te̋e̋e:'''
*'''ma̋ta dáámu te̋e̋e:'''
::Just say when.
:{|
 
!ma̋t-a||dáámu||te̋e̋-e
::{| Class=wikitable
!m̃a||ma̋t-a||m̃ar||dáámu||te̋e̋-e
|-
|-
|QUOT||be.enough-IND||QUOT||just||say-IMP
|be.enough-IND||just||say-IMP
|}
|}

Revision as of 16:09, 20 March 2018

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = first person singular/plural V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PST = past
2s/p = second person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) CONV = conversive F = feminine INT = intensive prefix Q = interrogative particle
ADV = adverb DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
AG = agent DIM = diminutive FUT = future OCC = occupation suffix RPRF = recent perfective
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELIS = elision IMP = imperative PP = patient (past) participle SBJ = subjunctive
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis INC = inchoative PRF = perfect SUP = supine
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) ELT = elative IND = indicative PRV = privative prefix


Adverb

  • 1. xánu - introduces questions about time
  • When will they arrive?
  • éȝus xán' u-tőpa:
éȝ-us xán-' u=tőp-a
they-N.p when-ELIS FUT-arrive-IND


  • 2. xánu - introduces indirect questions about time
  • Do you know when they will arrive?
  • tu—éȝun xán' u-tőpu—sa̋a̋rame:
t-u n-un xán-' u=tőp-u sa̋a̋r-a-me
2s-N they-A.p when-ELIS FUT=arrive-SUP know-IND-Q


Conjunction

  • 3. téni - at what time
  • They were told when to sleep
  • éȝus te̋e̋aþus e-ı̋la—téni šepe̋ȝa:
éȝ-us te̋e̋-a-þ-us e=ı̋l-a téni šep-e̋ȝa
they-N.p tell-IND-PP-N.p PST=become-IND when sleep-SBJ


  • 4. méti - at the time of the action of the following clause or participle phrase
  • It was raining when I arrived yesterday.
  • e-sűűm̃a—méti mu hesáhvi e-tőpa:
e=sűűm̃-a méti m-u hes=áh=vi e=tőp-a
PST=rain-IND when 1s.N yester-day-ADV PST=arrive-IND


  • 5. hi - since, given the fact that
  • Why are you preparing a party when he won't be here.
  • tu xávu sa̋rnom fa̋ra—hi éȝu íð' u-vűűa ne:
t-u xávu sa̋rn-om fa̋r-a hi éȝ-u íð-' u=vűű=a ne
2s-N why party-A.s prepare-IND when he-N.s here-ELIS FUT=be-IND not


Pronoun

  • 6. xa keesa̋s pósa - from the time at which something happens
  • Since when has he been king.
  • éȝu xa keesa̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣu vŭvűűa:
éȝ-u xa-Ø kees-a̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣ-u vŭ~vűű-a
3-N.s what-ABS time-G.s since king-N.s PRF~be-IND


Interjection

  • 7. ma̋ta – that's enough
  • Just say when.
  • ma̋ta dáámu te̋e̋e:
ma̋t-a dáámu te̋e̋-e
be.enough-IND just say-IMP
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