Senjecas - over

Pronunciation table

p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ǫ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = first person singular/plural	V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	Q = interrogative particle
2s/p = second person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	QUOT = direct quotation
3p/m = third person proximal/medial	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FRQ = frequentative	M = masculine	REL = relativizer
4 = fourth person	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	FUT = future	PP = patient (past) participle	RPRF = recent perfective
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	EP = epenthesis	IMP = imperative	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)			IND = indicative	PST = past

Adjective

• 1. þűki - Finished, ended or concluded.

le̋ida þűka e-e̋sa fési m̃us e-tőpa:

The play was over before we got there.

le̋id-a	þűk-a	e=e̋s-a	fési	m̃-us	e=tőp-a
play-N.s	over-N.s	PST=be-IND	before	1p-N	PST=arrive-IND

Adverb

• 2. xófvi - Thoroughly, completely, from beginning to end.

m̃us xófvi nomĕ me̋inu ı̋ı̋ƣa fési ṡ̨őxa:

We need to think that over before agreeing.

m̃-us	xóf=vi	n-om=ĕ	me̋in-u	ı̋ı̋ƣ-a	fési	ṡ̨őx-a
1p-N	thorough=ADV	3-A.s=EP	think-SUP	need-IND	before	agree-IND

• 3. lénvi - From an upright position to being horizontal.

ba̋a̋lu lénvi vőulom ṡűűþom e-þőka:

The baby knocked over the bottle of milk.

ba̋a̋l-u	lén-vi	vőul-om	ṡűűþ-om	e=þők-a
baby-N.s	inclined-ADV	bottle-A.s	milk-A.s	PST=knock-IND

• 4. tárvi - Horizontally; left to right or right to left.

m̃ús mĭme̋e̋o baȝa̋lom kı̋u táda tárvi se̋dom pı̋ze:

Let's slide the chair over to make more room.

m̃-ús	mĭ~me̋e̋o-Ø	baȝa̋l-om	kı̋-u	táda	tárvi	se̋dom	pı̋z-e
1p-N	ELAT~much=ABS	space-A.xs	make-SUP	in.order.to	cross-ADV	chair-A.s	slice-IMP

• 5. tárvi - From one position or state to another.

tárvi ǧe̋mek̬e m̃úm súna dőrek̬e:

Come over and have dinner with us.

tár-vi	ǧe̋m-e=k̬e	m̃-úm	súna	dőr-e=k̬e
cross-ADV	come-IMD=and	1p-G	with	dine-IMP=and

• 6. la̋a̋ta - Overnight.

ṡı̋ṡus tom̃ős h' anűs nóma la̋a̋tu e-ke̋la:

The children had to sleep over at grandma's because of the snow.

ṡı̋ṡ-us	tom̃-ős	h-'	an-űs	nóma	la̋a̋t-u	e=ke̋l-a
child-N.p	snowG.s	because-ELIS	grandmother-G.s	at.the.home	pass.the.night-SUP	PST=had.to-IND

• 7. m̃er- - Again, another time, once more, over again.

mu-nomda̋a̋ro e-ha̋ȝa. nááru nom m̃erkı̋u e-ke̋la:

I lost my homework so I had to do it over.

mu=nom-da̋a̋r-o	e=ha̋ȝ-a	nááru	n-om	m̃er=kı̋-u	e=ke̋l-a
my=ho=me-task-N.s	PST-lose-IND	therefore	3-A.s	re-=do-SUP	PST=had.to-IND

Postposition

• 8. úpa - On top of, above, higher than.

tu-niimős úpa ne̋uom ƣe̋ve:

Hold the sign over your head.

tu=niim-ős	úpa	ne̋u-om	ƣe̋v-e
your=head-G.s	over	sign-A.s	hold-IMP

• 9. tára - Across, spanning.

nus erekős tára þőlom dĭde̋ma:

They have built a bridge over the canyon.

n-us	erek-ős	tára	þől-om	dĭ~de̋m-a
3-N.p	canyon-G.s	over	bridge-A.s	PRF~build-IND

• 10. éva - In such a way as to cover.

tu ṡ̨űbom éva pa̋dom muxe̋ȝa:

You may drape the flag over the casket.

t-u	ṡ̨űb-om	éva	pa̋d-om	mux-e̋ȝa
2s-N	casket-A.s	over	flag-A.s	drape-SBJ

• 11. tára - From one physical position to another via an obstacle that must be traversed vertically, first upwards and then downwards.

mu tűrom tára u-re̋na táádi tum þőnu maaƣe̋ȝa:

I'll climb over the fence so I can help you.

m-u	tűr-om	tára	u=re̋n-a	táádi	t-um	þőn-u	maaƣ-e̋ȝa
1s-N	gate-A.s	over	FUT=climb-IND	in.order	2s-A	help-SUP	be.able-SBJ

• 12. sóma - More than, to a greater degree.

mu abelőm sóma te̋fon me̋e̋ƣa:

I prefer peaches over apples.

m-u	abel-őm	sóma	te̋f-on	me̋e̋ƣ-a
1s-N	apple-G.p	compared.to	peach-A.p	prefer-IND

• 13. sépa - Concerning or regarding.

d̬o hűsus leiðþórteelűs rekő' sépa e-ṡa̋ta:

The two boys fought over the referee's decision.

d̬o	hűs-us	leið-þór-tee-l-űs	rek-ő-'	sépa	e-ṡa̋t-a
two	boy-N.p	sport-lay-say-AG-G.s	decision-G.s-ELIS	about	PST=fight-IND

• 14. n̨áxa - Above, implying superiority after a contest, in spite of, notwithstanding.

þőro reeƣűs þoosaṡős n̨áxa þőraþo e-ı̋la:

The law was passed over the king's objections.

þőr-o	reeƣ-űs	þoos-aṡ-ős	n̨áxa	þőr-a-þ-o	e=ı̋l-a
law-N.s	king-G.s	against-move-G.s	despite	enact-IND-PP-N.s	PST=become-IND