Senjecas Sayings: Difference between revisions

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!f
!f
!v
!v
!ṁ
!m̃
!m
!m
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===Glossing abbreviations===
===Glossing abbreviations===
*2s/p = second person singular/plural
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
*3s/p = third person singular/plural
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
*A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
*G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
*N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|EQU = equative degree
*ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|IND = indicative
*ADV = adverb
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
*AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|-
*AP = agent (active) participle
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
*ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
*ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative|elative]]
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
*FUT = future
|F = feminine
*IMP = imperative
|M = masculine
*IND = indicative
|QUOT = direct quotation
*PP = patient (past) participle
|-
*SBJ = subjunctive
|3 = third person
*SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|ADV = adverb
|DIM = diminutive
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|PP = patient (past) participle
|REL = [[Wikipedia:Relativizer|relativizer, relative]]
|-
|4 = [[Wikipedia:Obviative|fourth person]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|FUT = future
|PRF = perfect
|RPRF = recent perfective
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|IMP = imperative
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|SBJ = subjunctive
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative|elative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PST = past
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|
|
|
|
|
|}




===Sayings===
===Sayings===
*'''þűn kűȝom ȝe̋kam va̋a̋nu vűűlu na̋mantum bűɫe⁝'''
*'''þűn kűȝom ȝe̋kam va̋a̋nu vűűlu na̋mantum bűɫe:'''
:Pity him who thinks there is only one way to make a language.
:Pity him who thinks there is only one way to make a language.


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*'''tu-ṁenaþős gővtam tu-kı̋aþom e̋su he̋ne⁝'''
*'''tu-m̃enaþős gővtam tu-kı̋aþom e̋su he̋ne:'''
:Let the beauty of what you love be what you do.
:Let the beauty of what you love be what you do.


{|class=wikitable
{|class=wikitable
!tu=ṁen-a-þ-ős||gővt-am||tu=kı̋-a-þ-om||e̋s-u||he̋n-e
!tu=m̃en-a-þ-ős||gővt-am||tu=kı̋-a-þ-om||e̋s-u||he̋n-e
|-
|-
|your=love-IND-PP-G.s||beauty-A.s||your=do-IND-PP-A.s||be-SUP||allow-IMP
|your=love-IND-PP-G.s||beauty-A.s||your=do-IND-PP-A.s||be-SUP||allow-IMP
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*'''méti tu-őősom t̬ı̋va. tu-me̋ina ð̨a̋a̋aþa ı̋lu ma̋a̋ƣa⁝'''
*'''méti tu-őősom t̬ı̋va. tu-me̋ina ð̨a̋a̋aþa ı̋lu ma̋a̋ƣa:'''
:Every time you open your mouth, people can read your mind.
:Every time you open your mouth, people can read your mind.


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*'''sa̋a̋ra novt̬őőkim ma̋a̋lom e̋su sa̋a̋ru e̋sa: sa̋a̋sta maalme̋iṡom éna nim ðȩ̋u ne sa̋a̋ru e̋sa⁝'''
*'''sa̋a̋ra novt̬őőkim ma̋a̋lom e̋su sa̋a̋ru e̋sa: sa̋a̋sta maalme̋iṡom éna nim ðȩ̋u ne sa̋a̋ru e̋sa:'''
:Knowledge is knowing that the tomato is a fruit.  Wisdom is knowing not to put it in a fruit salad.
:Knowledge is knowing that the tomato is a fruit.  Wisdom is knowing not to put it in a fruit salad.


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*'''őpu ma̋a̋ƣlu. þóósi őpu kı̋þa néxum. xáál' űűþu vűűa sómi kísu őpu áfa sa̋baþu ı̋l̨u⁝'''
*'''őpu ma̋a̋ƣlu. þóósi őpu kı̋þa néxum. xáál' űűþu vűűa sómi kísu őpu áfa sa̋baþu ı̋l̤u:'''
:How is a person who can vote, but who never takes time to do it, any better off than the person who is prevented from voting at all?
:How is a person who can vote, but who never takes time to do it, any better off than the person who is prevented from voting at all?


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*'''toáálu sa̋ṁe. táádi f̨únus tum a̋a̋ṁu pı̋ı̋ro:  toáálu a̋a̋ṁe. táádi f̨únus tús o sa̋ṁu pı̋ı̋ro⁝'''
*'''toáálu sa̋m̃e. táádi ánus tum a̋a̋m̃u piire̋ȝa:  toáálu a̋a̋m̃m̃e. táádi ánus tús o sa̋m̃u piire̋ȝa:'''
:Speak in such a way that others love to listen to you.  Listen in such a way that others love to speak to you.
:Speak in such a way that others love to listen to you.  Listen in such a way that others love to speak to you.


{|class=wikitable
{|class=wikitable
!toáál-u||sa̋ṁ-e||táádi||án-us||t-um||a̋a̋ṁ-u||pı̋ı̋r-o||toáál-u||a̋a̋ṁ-e||táádi||án-us||t-ús||o||sa̋ṁ-u||pı̋ı̋r-o
!toáál-u||sa̋m̃-e||táádi||án-us||t-um||a̋a̋m̃-u||piir-e̋ȝ-a||toáál-u||a̋a̋m̃-e||táádi||án-us||t-ús||o||sa̋m̃-u||piir-e̋ȝ-a
|-
|-
|such-ADV||speak-IMP||so.that||other-N.p||2s-ACC||listen.to-SUP||desire-SBJ||such-ADV||listen.to-IMP||so.that||other-N.p||2s-G||to||speak.to-SUP||desire-SBJ
|such-ADV||speak-IMP||so.that||other-N.p||2s-ACC||listen.to-SUP||desire-SBJ-IND||such-ADV||listen.to-IMP||so.that||other-N.p||2s-G||to||speak.to-SUP||desire-SBJ-IND
|}
|}




*'''mi-tús éra me̋ine: ítu kı̋u boþı̋tom ba̋ȝu étu ánun he̋ne⁝'''
*'''mi-tús éra me̋ine: ítu kı̋u boþı̋tom ba̋ȝu étu ánun he̋ne:'''
:Think for yourself (and) let others enjoy the privilege of doing so, too.
:Think for yourself (and) let others enjoy the privilege of doing so, too.


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*'''sa̋a̋ru vűűu mőőṁon na̋mu áfa tı̋ı̋ðum sa̋ba ne: átu maaƣta̋m a̋a̋ram a̋a̋ra⁝'''
*'''sa̋a̋ru vűűu mőőm̃on na̋mu áfa tı̋ı̋ðum sa̋ba ne: átu maaƣta̋m a̋a̋ram a̋a̋ra:'''
:Being intelligent doesn't prevent one from believing in stupid things, it just expands the realm of possibilities.
:Being intelligent doesn't prevent one from believing in stupid things, it just expands the realm of possibilities.


{|class=wikitable
{|class=wikitable
!sa̋a̋r-u||vűű-u||mőőṁ-on||na̋m–u||áfa||tı̋ı̋ð-um||sa̋b-a||ne||átu||maaƣt-a̋m||a̋a̋r-am||a̋a̋r-a
!sa̋a̋r-u||vűű-u||mőőm̃-on||na̋m–u||áfa||tı̋ı̋ð-um||sa̋b-a||ne||átu||maaƣt-a̋m||a̋a̋r-am||a̋a̋r-a
|-
|-
|intelligent-N.s||be-SUP||stupid-A.p||believe-SUP||from||one-A.s||prevent-IND||not||just||possibility-G.p||realm-A.s||expand-IND
|intelligent-N.s||be-SUP||stupid-A.p||believe-SUP||from||one-A.s||prevent-IND||not||just||possibility-G.p||realm-A.s||expand-IND
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*'''tús úpa vűantun na̋ȝe ne. tús néra vűantun va̋ise nek̬e⁝'''
*'''tús úpa vűűantun na̋ȝe ne. tús néra vűűantun va̋ise nek̬e:'''
:Do not envy those above you, nor despise those below you.
:Do not envy those above you, nor despise those below you.


{|class=wikitable
{|class=wikitable
!t-ús||úpa||vű-a-nt-un||na̋ȝ-e||ne||t-ús||néra||vű-a-nt-un||va̋is-e||né-k̬e
!t-ús||úpa||vűű-a-nt-un||na̋ȝ-e||ne||t-ús||néra||vűű-a-nt-un||va̋is-e||né-k̬e
|-
|-
|2s-G||above||be-IND-AP-A.p||envy-IMP||not||2s-G||below|| be-IND-AP-A.p||despise-IMP||not-and
|2s-G||above||be-IND-AP-A.p||envy-IMP||not||2s-G||below|| be-IND-AP-A.p||despise-IMP||not-and
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*'''ébi tu toda̋s áfa abélvooƣkőðom vőőgu ɫe̋lo. toári tu alme̋ȝom ne̋e̋ru ke̋lo⁝'''
*'''ébi tu toda̋s áfa abélvooƣkőðom vőőgu ɫele̋ȝa. toári tu alme̋ȝom ne̋e̋ru kele̋ȝa:'''
:If you wish to bake an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe. ([[Wikipedia:Carl Sagan|Carl Sagan]])
:If you wish to bake an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe. ([[Wikipedia:Carl Sagan|Carl Sagan]])


{| class=wikitable
{| class=wikitable
!ébi||t-u||tod-a̋s||áfa||abél-vooƣkőð-om||vőőg-u||ɫe̋l-o||toári||t-u||þúnt-u||alme̋ȝ-om||ne̋e̋r-u||ke̋l-o
!ébi||t-u||tod-a̋s||áfa||abél-vooƣkőð-om||vőőg-u||ɫel-e̋ȝ-a||toári||t-u||þúnt-u||alme̋ȝ-om||ne̋e̋r-u||kel-e̋ȝ-a
|-
|-
|if||2s-N||start-G.s||from||apple-pie-A.s||bake-SUP||wish-SBJ||then||2s-N||first-ADV||universe-A.s||invent-SUP||must-SBJ
|if||2s-N||start-G.s||from||apple-pie-A.s||bake-SUP||wish-SBJ-IND||then||2s-N||first-ADV||universe-A.s||invent-SUP||must-SBJ-IND
|}
|}




*'''sa̋a̋rantuk̬e num sa̋a̋ru ne sa̋a̋rantuk̬e še̋pa: num ze̋le: sa̋a̋rantuk̬e num sa̋a̋ru sa̋a̋rantuk̬e sa̋a̋ṡa: num da̋ge⁝'''
*'''sa̋a̋rantuk̬e num sa̋a̋ru ne sa̋a̋rantuk̬e še̋pa: num ze̋le: sa̋a̋rantuk̬e num sa̋a̋ru sa̋a̋rantuk̬e sa̋a̋ṡa: num da̋ge:'''
:He who knows and knows not he knows, (he) is asleep. Wake him. He who knows and knows he knows, (he) is wise. Follow him.
:He who knows and knows not he knows, (he) is asleep. Wake him. He who knows and knows he knows, (he) is wise. Follow him.


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*'''tainősk̬e żirősk̬e áfa i-ve̋e̋mom da̋bantu őr' angel̨a̋s że̋naþu re̋e̋ƣu ṁéérvi e̋sa⁝'''
*'''tainősk̬e żirősk̬e áfa i-ve̋e̋mom da̋bantu őr' angel̨a̋s że̋naþu re̋e̋ƣu m̃éérvi e̋sa:'''
:Whoso pulleth out this sword of the stone and anvil is rightwise king born of all England. ([[Wikipedia:Alfred, Lord Tennyson|Lord Tennyson]])
:Whoso pulleth out this sword of the stone and anvil is rightwise king born of all England. [[(Wikipedia:Alfred, Lord Tennyson|Lord Tennyson)]]


{|class=wikitable
{|class=wikitable
!tain-ős=k̬e||żir-ős=k̬e||áfa||i=ve̋e̋m-om||da̋b-a-nt-u||őr-'-Ø||angel̨-a̋s||że̋n-a-þ-u||re̋e̋ƣ-u||ṁéér-vi||e̋s-a
!tain-ős=k̬e||żir-ős=k̬e||áfa||i=ve̋e̋m-om||da̋b-a-nt-u||őr-'-Ø||angel̨-a̋s||że̋n-a-þ-u||re̋e̋ƣ-u||m̃éér-vi||e̋s-a
|-
|-
|stone-G.s=and||anvil-G.s=and||from||this=sword-A.s||pull-IND-AP-N.s|| all-ELIS-ABS||England-G.s||be.born-IND-PP-N.s||king-N.s||right-ADV||be-IND
|stone-G.s=and||anvil-G.s=and||from||this=sword-A.s||pull-IND-AP-N.s|| all-ELIS-ABS||England-G.s||be.born-IND-PP-N.s||king-N.s||right-ADV||be-IND
|}
|}

Revision as of 08:57, 28 March 2017

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a õ o u ï ë ÿ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = first person singular/plural V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree IND = indicative Q = interrogative particle
2s/p = second person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) DES = desiderative F = feminine M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
3 = third person ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FRQ = frequentative PP = patient (past) participle REL = relativizer, relative
4 = fourth person AG = agent ELIS = elision FUT = future PRF = perfect RPRF = recent perfective
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle EP = epenthesis IMP = imperative PRV = privative prefix SBJ = subjunctive
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative ELT = elative INC = inchoative PST = past SUP = supine
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)


Sayings

  • þűn kűȝom ȝe̋kam va̋a̋nu vűűlu na̋mantum bűɫe:
Pity him who thinks there is only one way to make a language.
þűn kűȝ-om ȝe̋k-am va̋a̋n-u vűűl-u na̋m-a-nt-um bűɫ-e
one method-A.s language-A.s create-SUP there.be-SUP believe-IND-AP-A.s pity-IMP


  • tu-m̃enaþős gővtam tu-kı̋aþom e̋su he̋ne:
Let the beauty of what you love be what you do.
tu=m̃en-a-þ-ős gővt-am tu=kı̋-a-þ-om e̋s-u he̋n-e
your=love-IND-PP-G.s beauty-A.s your=do-IND-PP-A.s be-SUP allow-IMP


  • méti tu-őősom t̬ı̋va. tu-me̋ina ð̨a̋a̋aþa ı̋lu ma̋a̋ƣa:
Every time you open your mouth, people can read your mind.
méti tu=őős-om t̬ı̋v-a tu=me̋in-a ð̨a̋a̋-a-þ-a ı̋l-u ma̋a̋ƣ-a
whenever your=mouth-A.s open-IND your=mind-N.s read-IND-PP-N.s become-SUP be.able-IND


  • sa̋a̋ra novt̬őőkim ma̋a̋lom e̋su sa̋a̋ru e̋sa: sa̋a̋sta maalme̋iṡom éna nim ðȩ̋u ne sa̋a̋ru e̋sa:
Knowledge is knowing that the tomato is a fruit. Wisdom is knowing not to put it in a fruit salad.
sa̋a̋r-a novt̬őők-im ma̋a̋l-om e̋s-u sa̋a̋r-u e̋s-a sa̋a̋st-a maal-me̋iṡ-om éna n-im ðȩ̋-u ne sa̋a̋r-u e̋s-a
knowledge-N.s tomato-A.s fruit-A.s be-SUP know-SUP be-IND wisdom-N.s fruit-mix-A.s in 3-A.s put-SUP not know-SUP be-IND


  • őpu ma̋a̋ƣlu. þóósi őpu kı̋þa néxum. xáál' űűþu vűűa sómi kísu őpu áfa sa̋baþu ı̋l̤u:
How is a person who can vote, but who never takes time to do it, any better off than the person who is prevented from voting at all?
őp-u ma̋a̋ƣ-l-u þóósi őp-u kı̋þ-a néxum xáál-' u~űþ-u vűű-a sómi kísu őp-u áfa sa̋b-a-þu-Ø ı̋l-l-u
vote-SUP be.able-AG-N.s but vote-SUP take.time-IND never how-ELIS ELT~fortunate-N.s be-IND than at.all vote-SUP from prevent-IND-PP-ABS become-AG-N.s


  • toáálu sa̋m̃e. táádi ánus tum a̋a̋m̃u piire̋ȝa: toáálu a̋a̋m̃m̃e. táádi ánus tús o sa̋m̃u piire̋ȝa:
Speak in such a way that others love to listen to you. Listen in such a way that others love to speak to you.
toáál-u sa̋m̃-e táádi án-us t-um a̋a̋m̃-u piir-e̋ȝ-a toáál-u a̋a̋m̃-e táádi án-us t-ús o sa̋m̃-u piir-e̋ȝ-a
such-ADV speak-IMP so.that other-N.p 2s-ACC listen.to-SUP desire-SBJ-IND such-ADV listen.to-IMP so.that other-N.p 2s-G to speak.to-SUP desire-SBJ-IND


  • mi-tús éra me̋ine: ítu kı̋u boþı̋tom ba̋ȝu étu ánun he̋ne:
Think for yourself (and) let others enjoy the privilege of doing so, too.
mi=t-ús éra me̋in-e ítu kı̋-u boþı̋t-om ba̋ȝ-u étu án-un he̋n-e
self=2s-G for think-IMP so do-SUP privilege-A.s enjoy-SUP too other-A.p let-IMP


  • sa̋a̋ru vűűu mőőm̃on na̋mu áfa tı̋ı̋ðum sa̋ba ne: átu maaƣta̋m a̋a̋ram a̋a̋ra:
Being intelligent doesn't prevent one from believing in stupid things, it just expands the realm of possibilities.
sa̋a̋r-u vűű-u mőőm̃-on na̋m–u áfa tı̋ı̋ð-um sa̋b-a ne átu maaƣt-a̋m a̋a̋r-am a̋a̋r-a
intelligent-N.s be-SUP stupid-A.p believe-SUP from one-A.s prevent-IND not just possibility-G.p realm-A.s expand-IND


  • tús úpa vűűantun na̋ȝe ne. tús néra vűűantun va̋ise nek̬e:
Do not envy those above you, nor despise those below you.
t-ús úpa vűű-a-nt-un na̋ȝ-e ne t-ús néra vűű-a-nt-un va̋is-e né-k̬e
2s-G above be-IND-AP-A.p envy-IMP not 2s-G below be-IND-AP-A.p despise-IMP not-and


  • ébi tu toda̋s áfa abélvooƣkőðom vőőgu ɫele̋ȝa. toári tu alme̋ȝom ne̋e̋ru kele̋ȝa:
If you wish to bake an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe. (Carl Sagan)
ébi t-u tod-a̋s áfa abél-vooƣkőð-om vőőg-u ɫel-e̋ȝ-a toári t-u þúnt-u alme̋ȝ-om ne̋e̋r-u kel-e̋ȝ-a
if 2s-N start-G.s from apple-pie-A.s bake-SUP wish-SBJ-IND then 2s-N first-ADV universe-A.s invent-SUP must-SBJ-IND


  • sa̋a̋rantuk̬e num sa̋a̋ru ne sa̋a̋rantuk̬e še̋pa: num ze̋le: sa̋a̋rantuk̬e num sa̋a̋ru sa̋a̋rantuk̬e sa̋a̋ṡa: num da̋ge:
He who knows and knows not he knows, (he) is asleep. Wake him. He who knows and knows he knows, (he) is wise. Follow him.
sa̋a̋r-a-nt-u=k̬e n-um sa̋a̋r-u ne sa̋a̋r-a-nt-u=k̬e še̋p-a n-um ze̋l-e sa̋a̋r-a-nt-u=k̬e n-um sa̋a̋r-u sa̋a̋r-a-nt-u=k̬e sa̋a̋ṡa n-um da̋g-e
know-IND-AP-N.s=and 3-A.s know-SUP not know-IND-AP-N.s=and sleep-IND 3-A.s wake-IMP know-IND-AP-N.s=and 3-A.s know-SUP know-IND-AP-N.s=and be.wise-IND 3-A.s follow-IMP


  • tainősk̬e żirősk̬e áfa i-ve̋e̋mom da̋bantu őr' angel̨a̋s że̋naþu re̋e̋ƣu m̃éérvi e̋sa:
Whoso pulleth out this sword of the stone and anvil is rightwise king born of all England. Lord Tennyson)
tain-ős=k̬e żir-ős=k̬e áfa i=ve̋e̋m-om da̋b-a-nt-u őr-'-Ø angel̨-a̋s że̋n-a-þ-u re̋e̋ƣ-u m̃éér-vi e̋s-a
stone-G.s=and anvil-G.s=and from this=sword-A.s pull-IND-AP-N.s all-ELIS-ABS England-G.s be.born-IND-PP-N.s king-N.s right-ADV be-IND
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