Khulls nouns: Difference between revisions
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Poswob Rare (talk | contribs) |
Poswob Rare (talk | contribs) |
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! Instrumental | ! Instrumental | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | atá | ||
| | | spirit | ||
| | | atakà | ||
| | | atakâ | ||
| | | atakas | ||
| | | atakal | ||
| | | atakan | ||
| | | atakī | ||
| | | atakō | ||
|- | |- | ||
| mī | | mī | ||
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| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Notes== | |||
===Consonant-stem declensions=== | ===Consonant-stem declensions=== |
Revision as of 17:18, 30 November 2016
Khulls nouns inflect using a fusional declension system. Though not as complicated at that of Poswa, the declensions differ more from each other because Khulls uses a "discrete" declension system instead of deriving inflections based on every phoneme in the word, as does Poswa.
Noun declension tables
Primary vowel-stem declensions
Nominative | (English) | Accusative | Locative | Possessive | Dative | Circumstantial | Essive | Instrumental |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
òṭa | table, desk | oṭà | oṭâ | oṭas | oṭal | oṭan | oṭī | oṭō |
ḳĭri | happiness, victory | ḳirì | ḳirî | ḳiris | ḳiril | ḳirin | ḳirĕ | ḳiġʷ |
nìto | price, penalty | nitò | nitô | nitos | nitol | niton | nikʷ | nitū |
egà | daytime sky | egaḳà | egaḳâ | egaḳas | egaḳal | egaḳan | egaḳī | egaḳō |
gʷì | beach | gʷiḳì | gʷiḳî | gʷiḳis | gʷiḳil | gʷiḳin | gʷiḳĕ | gʷiḳʷ |
makò | seal (animal) | makoḳò | makoḳô | makoḳos | makoḳol | makoḳon | makoḳʷ | makoḳū |
pā | school | pâ | pâ | pâs | pâl | pân | pê | pô |
mī | bottle | bè | bê | bes | bel | ben | bē | bē |
kʷō | bed | kʷaʕʷù | kʷaʕʷû | kʷaʕʷus | kʷaʕʷul | kʷaʕʷun | kʷaʕʷ | kʷaʕʷū |
Secondary vowel-stem declensions
Nominative | (English) | Accusative | Locative | Possessive | Dative | Circumstantial | Essive | Instrumental |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
xʷèye | curved claw | |||||||
kʷăkʷ | stone tablet | |||||||
empĕ | sword | empyì | empyî | empyis | empyil | empyin | empyĕ | empyŭ |
mī | ||||||||
ḳē | wheel | ḳê | ḳê | ḳês | ḳêl | ḳên | ḳê | ḳêʕʷ |
lū | milk |
- NOTE, possibly eliminate the first two rows of the secondaries, since final -e and final -u can only come from stressed positions even if in a compound where they are unstressed, except for when the /e/ follows /u/, in which case it comes from /u/ or /a/.
Tertiary vowel-stem declensions
Nominative | (English) | Accusative | Locative | Possessive | Dative | Circumstantial | Essive | Instrumental |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
atá | spirit | atakà | atakâ | atakas | atakal | atakan | atakī | atakō |
mī | ||||||||
lé | diaper | lekà | lekâ | lekas | lekal | lekan | lekī[1] | lekō |
mī | ||||||||
mī | ||||||||
mī | ||||||||
mī |
Notes
Consonant-stem declensions
Nominative | (English) | Accusative | Locative | Possessive | Dative | Circumstantial | Essive | Instrumental |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mī | ||||||||
mī | ||||||||
mī | ||||||||
mī | ||||||||
mī | ||||||||
mī |
- ↑ if analogy takes over