Veród: Difference between revisions
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{{infobox | |||
|image=verod.png | |||
|size=350px | |||
|name=Veród | |||
|pronounce=[vɛrˈɒːd] | |||
|morph=moderately agglutinative | |||
|ms=ergative-absolutive | |||
|wo=SOV | |||
|creator=[[User:Warakemau|Kenneth Nyman]]}} | |||
Veród is a constructed language. It has only two contrastive vowels - a close or mid-close one represented by <e>, and an open, back rounded one represented by <o>. | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
| Line 48: | Line 61: | ||
==Nouns== | ==Nouns== | ||
Nouns take cases | Nouns take endings for number and cases. The plural is formed in a regular way with the suffix -em. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Case | |||
!Example | |||
!Meaning | |||
!Description | |||
!Plural form | |||
|- | |||
!Absolutive | !Absolutive | ||
|veród | |veród | ||
|'language' | |'language' | ||
| subjects in intransitive clauses, direct objects | | subjects in intransitive clauses, direct objects | ||
| veródem | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Ergative | !Ergative | ||
| Line 60: | Line 80: | ||
|'by language' | |'by language' | ||
| subjects in transitive clauses, instruments | | subjects in transitive clauses, instruments | ||
|veródemer | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Lative | !Lative | ||
| Line 65: | Line 86: | ||
|to the house | |to the house | ||
|goal, destination | |goal, destination | ||
| | |vógoremel | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Locative | !Locative | ||
| Line 71: | Line 92: | ||
|at the house, in the house | |at the house, in the house | ||
|general location | |general location | ||
|vógoremeg | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Dative | !Dative | ||
| Line 76: | Line 98: | ||
|'for a language' | |'for a language' | ||
| indirect objects, possessors, causes, with various adpositions | | indirect objects, possessors, causes, with various adpositions | ||
| veródemok | |||
|} | |||
==Pronouns== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!1 sing. | |||
!2 sing. | |||
!3 sing. animate | |||
!3 sing. inaninate | |||
!1 plur. | |||
! 2 plur. | |||
! 3 plur. | |||
|- | |||
|sey | |||
|tey | |||
|ley | |||
|woh | |||
|moh | |||
|zoh | |||
|loh | |||
|- | |||
|seher | |||
|teherr | |||
|leher | |||
|woher | |||
|moher | |||
|zoher | |||
|loher | |||
|- | |||
|sehel | |||
|tehel | |||
|lehel | |||
|wohel | |||
|mohel | |||
|zohel | |||
|lohel | |||
|- | |||
|seheg | |||
|teheg | |||
|leheg | |||
|woheg | |||
|moheg | |||
|zoheg | |||
|loheg | |||
|- | |||
|sehok | |||
|tehok | |||
|lehok | |||
|wohok | |||
|mohok | |||
|zohok | |||
|lohok | |||
|- | |||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 107: | Line 184: | ||
|'toward the house' | |'toward the house' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!vok | |||
|'from' | |'from' | ||
|vógorok vok | |vógorok vok | ||
|'from the house' | |'from the house' | ||
|- | |||
!lohéz | |||
|because [of] | |||
|'kémberok lohéz' | |||
| 'because of the work' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 126: | Line 209: | ||
| 'with the hammer' | | 'with the hammer' | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Verbs== | |||
Verbs agree in number and person with the subject in the clause. | |||
{| class=wikitable | |||
!véren | |||
|'I speak' | |||
!vérlen | |||
|'I am speaking' | |||
|- | |||
!véret | |||
|'you (sg) speak' | |||
!vérlet | |||
|'you (sg) are speaking' | |||
|- | |||
!véreh | |||
|'he/she speaks' | |||
!vérleh | |||
|'he/she is speaking' | |||
|- | |||
!vérom | |||
|'we speak' | |||
!vérlom | |||
|'we are speaking' | |||
|- | |||
!vérok | |||
|'you (pl) speak' | |||
!vérlok | |||
|'you (pl) are speaking' | |||
|- | |||
!véror | |||
|'they speak' | |||
!vérlor | |||
|'they are speaking' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
==Syntax== | |||
The common word order is SOV. Adjectives precede nouns. | |||
==See also== | |||
[[The Verod Thematic Dictionary]] | |||
Latest revision as of 03:38, 19 April 2015
 | |
|---|---|
| Veród | |
| Pronounced: | [vɛrˈɒːd] |
| Typology | |
| Morphological type: | moderately agglutinative |
| Morphosyntactic alignment: | ergative-absolutive |
| Basic word order: | SOV |
| Credits | |
| Creator: | Kenneth Nyman |
Veród is a constructed language. It has only two contrastive vowels - a close or mid-close one represented by <e>, and an open, back rounded one represented by <o>.
Phonology
| p | t | ʧ | kʲ | k | kʷ | |
| b | d | ʤ | gʲ | g | gʷ | |
| f | s | ʃ | h | |||
| v | z | ʒ | ||||
| l r | j | w |
Nouns
Nouns take endings for number and cases. The plural is formed in a regular way with the suffix -em.
| Case | Example | Meaning | Description | Plural form |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absolutive | veród | 'language' | subjects in intransitive clauses, direct objects | veródem |
| Ergative | veróder | 'by language' | subjects in transitive clauses, instruments | veródemer |
| Lative | vógorel | to the house | goal, destination | vógoremel |
| Locative | vógoreg | at the house, in the house | general location | vógoremeg |
| Dative | veródok | 'for a language' | indirect objects, possessors, causes, with various adpositions | veródemok |
Pronouns
| 1 sing. | 2 sing. | 3 sing. animate | 3 sing. inaninate | 1 plur. | 2 plur. | 3 plur. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sey | tey | ley | woh | moh | zoh | loh |
| seher | teherr | leher | woher | moher | zoher | loher |
| sehel | tehel | lehel | wohel | mohel | zohel | lohel |
| seheg | teheg | leheg | woheg | moheg | zoheg | loheg |
| sehok | tehok | lehok | wohok | mohok | zohok | lohok |
Adpositions
Adpositions governing the absolutive
| ézel | 'into' | vógor ézel | 'into the house' |
|---|---|---|---|
| ger | 'through' | vógor ger | 'through the house' |
Adpositions governing the dative
| léveg | 'in the company of', '(together) with' | gévok léveg | with the family |
|---|---|---|---|
| tolóv | 'toward' | vógorok tolóv | 'toward the house' |
| vok | 'from' | vógorok vok | 'from the house' |
| lohéz | because [of] | 'kémberok lohéz' | 'because of the work' |
Adpositions governing the ergative/instrumental
| ger | 'along' | vógorer ger | 'along the house' |
|---|---|---|---|
| vélker | 'with' (instrumental) | vontóker vélker | 'with the hammer' |
Verbs
Verbs agree in number and person with the subject in the clause.
| véren | 'I speak' | vérlen | 'I am speaking' |
|---|---|---|---|
| véret | 'you (sg) speak' | vérlet | 'you (sg) are speaking' |
| véreh | 'he/she speaks' | vérleh | 'he/she is speaking' |
| vérom | 'we speak' | vérlom | 'we are speaking' |
| vérok | 'you (pl) speak' | vérlok | 'you (pl) are speaking' |
| véror | 'they speak' | vérlor | 'they are speaking' |
Syntax
The common word order is SOV. Adjectives precede nouns.
