|
|
(16 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) |
Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| __NOTOC__
| |
| {{Kala 2}}
| |
|
| |
|
| = kiso =
| |
|
| |
| * The 86 basic syllables, called '''kiso'''. The majority of Kala lexical entries are made up of two of these syllables. In Kala [[Wikipedia:Phonotactics|phonotactics]] the '''kiso''' syllables are analyzed as "(C)V".
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 500px;"
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''pa'''<br>/paː/
| |
| | '''pe'''<br>/peː/
| |
| | '''pi'''<br>/piː/
| |
| | '''po'''<br>/poː/
| |
| | '''pu'''<br>/puː/
| |
| | '''pua'''<br>/pʷaː/
| |
| | '''pue'''<br>/pʷeː/
| |
| | '''pya'''<br>/pʲaː/
| |
| | '''pye'''<br>/pʲeː/
| |
| | '''pyo'''<br>/pʲoː/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''ta'''<br>/taː/
| |
| | '''te'''<br>/teː/
| |
| | '''ti'''<br>/tiː/
| |
| | '''to'''<br>/toː/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''ka'''<br>/kaː/
| |
| | '''ke'''<br>/keː/
| |
| | '''ki'''<br>/kiː/
| |
| | '''ko'''<br>/koː/
| |
| | '''ku'''<br>/kuː/
| |
| | '''kua'''<br>/kʷaː/
| |
| | '''kue'''<br>/kʷeː/
| |
| | '''kya'''<br>/kʲaː/
| |
| | '''kye'''<br>/kʲeː/
| |
| | '''kyo'''<br>/kʲoː/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''ma'''<br>/maː/
| |
| | '''me'''<br>/meː/
| |
| | '''mi'''<br>/miː/
| |
| | '''mo'''<br>/moː/
| |
| | '''mu'''<br>/muː/
| |
| | '''mua'''<br>/mʷaː/
| |
| | '''mue'''<br>/mʷeː/
| |
| | '''mya'''<br>/mʲaː/
| |
| | '''mye'''<br>/mʲeː/
| |
| | '''myo'''<br>/mʲoː/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''na'''<br>/naː/
| |
| | '''ne'''<br>/neː/
| |
| | '''ni'''<br>/niː/
| |
| | '''no'''<br>/noː/
| |
| | '''nu'''<br>/nuː/
| |
| | '''nua'''<br>/nʷaː/
| |
| | '''nue'''<br>/nʷeː/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | '''nya'''<br>/ɲaː/
| |
| | '''nye'''<br>/ɲeː/
| |
| | '''nyo'''<br>/ɲoː/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''sa'''<br>/sa:/
| |
| | '''se'''<br>/se:/
| |
| | '''si'''<br>/si:/
| |
| | '''so'''<br>/so:/
| |
| | '''su'''<br>/su:/
| |
| | '''sua'''<br>/sʷa:/
| |
| | '''sue'''<br>/sʷe:/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''ha'''<br>/haː/
| |
| | '''he'''<br>/ɦeː/
| |
| | '''hi'''<br>/ɦiː/
| |
| | '''ho'''<br>/hoː/
| |
| | '''hu'''<br>/huː/
| |
| | '''hua'''<br>/hʷaː/
| |
| | '''hue'''<br>/ɦʷeː/
| |
| | '''hya'''<br>/hʲaː/
| |
| | '''hye'''<br>/ɦʲeː/
| |
| | '''hyo'''<br>/hʲoː/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''tsa'''<br>/t͡sa:/
| |
| | '''tse'''<br>/t͡se:/
| |
| | '''tsi'''<br>/t͡si:/
| |
| | '''tso'''<br>/t͡so:/
| |
| | '''tsu'''<br>/t͡su:/
| |
| | '''tsua'''<br>/t͡sʷa:/
| |
| | '''tsue'''<br>/t͡sʷe:/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''tla'''<br>/t͡ɬa:/
| |
| | '''tle'''<br>/t͡ɬe:/
| |
| | '''tli'''<br>/t͡ɬi:/
| |
| | '''tlo'''<br>/t͡ɬo:/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | '''ua'''<br>/wa:/
| |
| | '''ue'''<br>/we:/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''la'''<br>/la:/
| |
| | '''le'''<br>/le:/
| |
| | '''li'''<br>/li:/
| |
| | '''lo'''<br>/lo:/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | '''ya'''<br>/ja:/
| |
| | '''ye'''<br>/je:/
| |
| | '''yo'''<br>/jo:/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''a'''<br>/a:/
| |
| | '''e'''<br>/e:/
| |
| | '''i'''<br>/i:/
| |
| | '''o'''<br>/o:/
| |
| | '''u'''<br>/u:/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| = prenasalized =
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 300px;"
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''mpa'''<br>/ᵐpaː/
| |
| | '''mpe'''<br>/ᵐpeː/
| |
| | '''mpi'''<br>/ᵐpiː/
| |
| | '''mpo'''<br>/ᵐpoː/
| |
| | '''mpu'''<br>/ᵐpuː/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''nta'''<br>/ⁿtaː/
| |
| | '''nte'''<br>/ⁿteː/
| |
| | '''nti'''<br>/ⁿtiː/
| |
| | '''nto'''<br>/ⁿtoː/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''nka'''<br>/ᵑkaː/
| |
| | '''nke'''<br>/ᵑkeː/
| |
| | '''nki'''<br>/ᵑkiː/
| |
| | '''nko'''<br>/ᵑkoː/
| |
| | '''nku'''<br>/ᵑkuː/
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| = diphthonged =
| |
|
| |
| * These syllables, called '''musatao''' only occur word finally and are used to modify nouns and verbs in order to convey nuance of meaning. Very few of '''[[Kala]]''' lexical entries include these syllables. In '''[[Kala]]''' [[Wikipedia:Phonotactics|phonotactics]] the '''musatao''' syllables are analyzed as "(C)D".
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 300px;"
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''pai'''<br>/paɪ/
| |
| | '''pao'''<br>/paʊ/
| |
| | '''puai'''<br>/pʷaɪ/
| |
| | '''pyao'''<br>/pʲaʊ/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''tai'''<br>/taɪ/
| |
| | '''tao'''<br>/taʊ/
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''kai'''<br>/kaɪ/
| |
| | '''kao'''<br>/kaʊ/
| |
| | '''kuai'''<br>/kʷaɪ/
| |
| | '''kyao'''<br>/kʲaʊ/
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''mai'''
| |
| | '''mao'''
| |
| | '''muai'''
| |
| | '''myao'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''nai'''
| |
| | '''nao'''
| |
| | '''nuai'''
| |
| | '''nyao'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''sai'''
| |
| | '''sao'''
| |
| | '''suai'''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''hai'''
| |
| | '''hao'''
| |
| | '''huai'''
| |
| | '''hyao'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''tsai'''
| |
| | '''tsao'''
| |
| | '''tsuai'''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''tlai'''
| |
| | '''tlao'''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''lai'''
| |
| | '''lao'''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| | ''-''
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''ai'''
| |
| | '''ao'''
| |
| | '''uai'''
| |
| | '''yao'''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| = final codas =
| |
|
| |
| * The three codas are /k/, /m/, and /n/; these only occur as a final codas to negate, pluralize or adverbialize verbs and nouns, respectively.
| |
|
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 200px;"
| |
| |-
| |
| | '''k'''
| |
| | '''m'''
| |
| | '''n'''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| = Index =
| |
|
| |
| {{Kala index}}
| |
|
| |
| [[Category:Kala]]
| |