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'''Novelatine''' is a language, spoken by a few thousand people in two remote mountain valleys in Central Italy. Its speakers call their own language '''Sa lêgwa syar dwar valyô''', ''The language of the two valleys'', or simply '''Sa lêgwa (nob)''', ''The/Our language''. It is a direct descendent of Latin, and it retained a more conservative grammar, morphology and syntaxis than the other Romance languages. Its lexicon retains many more words directly from Latin than other Romance lexicons.
===Proto-Piti===
Root '''*liːloṕ-''', ''to see''


Apart from its conservatism, the main feature is the presence of two distinct dialects, one for each valleys, with some definite differences.
{|- class="wikitable"
| colspan="5"| <center>'''''Indicative'''''</center>
|-
| ||'''''Imperfective present''''' ||'''''Perfective present''''' ||'''''Imperfective past''''' || '''''Perfective past'''''
|-
| 1s || '''*liːloṕoł''' || '''*loliːṕoł''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoł''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoł'''
|-
| 2s || '''*liːloṕer''' || '''*loliːṕer''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕer''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕer'''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 3s || '''*liːloṕæt́''' || '''*loliːṕæt́''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæt́''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæt́''' 
|-
| '''*liːloṕ''' || '''*loliːṕ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕ'''
|-
| 1d || '''*liːloṕiʔoł'''<br>'''*liːloṕołiʔ'''|| '''*loliːṕiʔoł'''<br>'''*loliːṕołiʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiʔoł'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕołiʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiʔoł'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕołiʔ'''
|-
| 2d || '''*liːloṕiʔer'''<br>'''*liːloṕeriʔ'''|| '''*loliːṕiʔer'''<br>'''*loliːṕeriʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiʔer'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕeriʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiʔer'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕeriʔ'''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 3d || '''*liːloṕiʔæt́'''<br>'''*liːloṕæt́iʔ''' || '''*loliːṕiʔæt́'''<br>'''*loliːṕæt́iʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiʔæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕæt́iʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiʔæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕæt́iʔ''' 
|-
| '''*liːloṕiʔ''' || '''*loliːṕiʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiʔ'''
|-
| 1p || '''*liːloṕonoł'''<br>'''*liːloṕołon'''|| '''*loliːṕonoł'''<br>'''*loliːṕołon''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕonoł'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕołon''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕonoł'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕołon'''
|-
| 2p || '''*liːloṕoner'''<br>'''*liːloṕeron'''|| '''*loliːṕoner'''<br>'''*loliːṕeron''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoner'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕeron''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoner'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕeron'''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 3p || '''*liːloṕonæt́'''<br>'''*liːloṕæt́on''' || '''*loliːṕonæt́'''<br>'''*loliːṕæt́on''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕonæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕæt́on''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕonæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕæt́on''' 
|-
| '''*liːloṕon''' || '''*loliːṕon''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕon''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕon'''
|}


==Phonology==
{|- class="wikitable"
===Ortography===
| colspan="5"| <center>'''''Subjunctive'''''</center>
Novelatine ortography is partially based on standard Italian ortography, while a large part of it was developped independently.
|-
| ||'''''Imperfective present''''' ||'''''Perfective present''''' ||'''''Imperfective past''''' || '''''Perfective past'''''
|-
| 1s || '''*liːloṕiɳoł''' || '''*loliːṕiɳoł''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳoł''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳoł'''
|-
| 2s || '''*liːloṕiɳer''' || '''*loliːṕiɳer''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳer''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳer'''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 3s || '''*liːloṕiɳæt́''' || '''*loliːṕiɳæt́''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳæt́''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳæt́''' 
|-
| '''*liːloṕiɳ''' || '''*loliːṕiɳ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳ'''
|-
| 1d || '''*liːloṕiɳiʔoł'''<br>'''*liːloṕiɳołiʔ'''|| '''*loliːṕiɳiʔoł'''<br>'''*loliːṕiɳołiʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳiʔoł'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕiɳołiʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳiʔoł'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕiɳołiʔ'''
|-
| 2d || '''*liːloṕiɳiʔer'''<br>'''*liːloṕiɳeriʔ'''|| '''*loliːṕiɳiʔer'''<br>'''*loliːṕiɳeriʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳiʔer'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕiɳeriʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳiʔer'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕiɳeriʔ'''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 3d || '''*liːloṕiɳiʔæt́'''<br>'''*liːloṕiɳæt́iʔ''' || '''*loliːṕiɳiʔæt́'''<br>'''*loliːṕiɳæt́iʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳiʔæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕiɳæt́iʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳiʔæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːiɳæt́iʔ''' 
|-
| '''*liːloṕiɳiʔ''' || '''*loliːṕiɳiʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳiʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳiʔ'''
|-
| 1p || '''*liːloṕiɳonoł'''<br>'''*liːloṕiɳołon'''|| '''*loliːṕiɳonoł'''<br>'''*loliːṕiɳołon''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳonoł'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕiɳołon''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳonoł'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕiɳołon'''
|-
| 2p || '''*liːloṕiɳoner'''<br>'''*liːloṕeron'''|| '''*loliːṕiɳoner'''<br>'''*loliːṕeron''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳoner'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕiɳeron''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳoner'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕiɳeron'''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 3p || '''*liːloṕoniɳæt́'''<br>'''*liːloṕiɳæt́on''' || '''*loliːṕiɳonæt́'''<br>'''*loliːṕiɳæt́on''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳonæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕiɳæt́on''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳonæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕiɳæt́on''' 
|-
| '''*liːloṕiɳon''' || '''*loliːṕiɳon''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiɳon''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiɳon'''
|}


{|  
{|- class="wikitable"
!Letter
| colspan="5"| <center>'''''Optative'''''</center>
!IPA pron.
|-
!X-Sampa pron.
| ||'''''Imperfective present''''' ||'''''Perfective present''''' ||'''''Imperfective past''''' || '''''Perfective past'''''
!Note and English or other approximation
|-
| 1s || '''*liːloṕoṕoł''' || '''*loliːṕoṕoł''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕoł''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕoł'''
|-
| 2s || '''*liːloṕoṕer''' || '''*loliːṕoṕer''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕer''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕer'''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 3s || '''*liːloṕoṕæt́''' || '''*loliːṕoṕæt́''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕæt́''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕæt́''' 
|-
|-
| A, a || {{IPA|[a]}} || [a] || as in Scottish or Irish ''st'''a'''ck''
| '''*liːloṕoṕ''' || '''*loliːṕoṕ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕ'''
|-
|-
| B, b || {{IPA|[b]}} || [b] || as in ''b'''a'''ck''
| 1d || '''*liːloṕoṕiʔoł'''<br>'''*liːloṕoṕołiʔ'''|| '''*loliːṕoṕiʔoł'''<br>'''*loliːṕoṕołiʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕiʔoł'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕoṕołiʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕiʔoł'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕoṕołiʔ'''
|-
|-
| C, c || 1.{{IPA|[k]}}<br>2.{{IPA|[ʧ]}} || 1.[k]<br>2.[tS] || 1. before any consonant, the vowels '''a''', '''o''', '''ô''', '''u''', as in '''''k'''iss''<br>2. before the vowels '''e''', '''i''' and the semivowel '''y''', as in '''''ch'''ip''
| 2d || '''*liːloṕoṕiʔer'''<br>'''*liːloṕoṕeriʔ'''|| '''*loliːṕoṕiʔer'''<br>'''*loliːṕoṕeriʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕiʔer'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕoṕeriʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕiʔer'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕoṕeriʔ'''
|-
|-
| D, d || {{IPA|[d]}} || [d] || as in ''a'''d'''mit''
| rowspan="2" | 3d || '''*liːloṕoṕiʔæt́'''<br>'''*liːloṕoṕæt́iʔ''' || '''*loliːṕoṕiʔæt́'''<br>'''*loliːṕoṕæt́iʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕiʔæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕoṕæt́iʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕiʔæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕoṕæt́iʔ'''
|-
|-
| E, e || 1.{{IPA|[ɛ]}} (stressed)<br>2.{{IPA|[e]}} (unstressed)<br>3.{{IPA|[ə]}} (final) || 1.[E]<br>2.[e]<br>3.[@] || 1. always in stressed syllables, as in North American English ''b'''e'''d''<br>2. always in unstressed syllables <small>(see note)</small>, as in British English ''dr'''e'''ss''<br>3. only in the Eastern dialect, in final syllables, as in '''''a'''bout''
| '''*liːloṕoṕiʔ''' || '''*loliːṕoṕiʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕiʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕiʔ'''
|-
|-
| Ê, ê || 1.{{IPA|[ɛ◌̃]}} (stressed)<br>2.{{IPA|[e◌̃]}} (unstressed) || 1.[E˜]<br>2.[e˜] || similar to French ''br'''in''''' (<small>The two variants follow the same rules of distribution of the letter '''e'''</small>)
| 1p || '''*liːloṕoṕonoł'''<br>'''*liːloṕoṕołon'''|| '''*loliːṕonoł'''<br>'''*loliːṕoṕołon''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕonoł'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕoṕołon''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕonoł'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕoṕołon'''
|-
|-
| F, f || {{IPA|[f]}} || [f] || as in '''''f'''ine''
| 2p || '''*liːloṕoṕoner'''<br>'''*liːloṕoṕeron'''|| '''*loliːṕoṕoner'''<br>'''*loliːṕoṕeron''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕoner'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕoṕeron''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕoner'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕoṕeron'''
|-
|-
| G, g || 1.{{IPA|[g]}}<br>2.{{IPA|[ʤ]}} || 1.[g]<br>2.[dZ] || 1. before any consonant, the vowels '''a''', '''o''', '''ô''', '''u''', as in '''''g'''un''<br>2. before the vowels '''e''', '''i''' and the semivowel '''y''', as in '''''j'''ump''
| rowspan="2" | 3p || '''*liːloṕoṕonæt́'''<br>'''*liːloṕoṕæt́on''' || '''*loliːṕoṕonæt́'''<br>'''*loliːṕoṕæt́on''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕonæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕoṕæt́on''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕonæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕoṕæt́on'''
|-
|-
| H, h || {{IPA|[-]}} || [-] || it has '''no sound''', it is only used with other letters to express other sounds.
| '''*liːloṕoṕon''' || '''*loliːṕoṕon''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕoṕon''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕoṕon'''
|}
 
{|- class="wikitable"
| colspan="5"| <center>'''''Potential'''''</center>
|-
|-
| I, i || {{IPA|[i]}} || [i] || as in North American English ''fr'''ee'''''
| ||'''''Imperfective present''''' ||'''''Perfective present''''' ||'''''Imperfective past''''' || '''''Perfective past'''''
|-
|-
| ''J, j'' || {{IPA|[-]}} || [-] || it is not part of the alphabet, it can be found only in loanwords, where it retains its original pronunciation.
| 1s || '''*liːloṕæʈoł''' || '''*loliːṕæʈoł''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈoł''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈoł'''
|-
|-
| ''K, k'' || {{IPA|[-]}} || [-] || it is not part of the alphabet, it can be found only in loanwords, where it retains its original pronunciation.
| 2s || '''*liːloṕæʈer''' || '''*loliːṕæʈer''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈer''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈer'''
|-
|-
| L, l || 1.{{IPA|[l]}}<br>2.{{IPA|[ʎ]}} || 1.[l]<br>2.[L] || 1. only the ''clear L'', as in '''''l'''et'', never ''dark L''<br>2. only in the Eastern dialect, when is followed by '''y''' (which is soundless), as in Spanish ''mi'''ll'''ón'' or in Italian ''fi'''gli'''o
| rowspan="2" | 3s || '''*liːloṕæʈæt́''' || '''*loliːṕæʈæt́''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈæt́''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈæt́'''
|-
|-
| M, m || {{IPA|[m]}} || [m] || as in '''''m'''ap''
| '''*liːloṕæʈ''' || '''*loliːṕæʈ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈ'''
|-
|-
| N, n || 1.{{IPA|[n]}}<br>2.{{IPA|[ŋ]}}<br>3.{{IPA|[ɲ]}} || 1.[n]<br>2.[N]<br>3.[J] || 1. as in '''''n'''ine''<br>2. before '''k''' and '''g''' <small>(see note)</small>, as in ''si'''ng'''''<br>3. only in the Eastern dialect, when is followed by '''y''' (which is soundless), as in Spanish ''ni'''ñ'''o'' or in Italian ''ba'''gn'''o'' or in French ''a'''gn'''eau''
| 1d || '''*liːloṕæʈiʔoł'''<br>'''*liːloṕæʈołiʔ'''|| '''*loliːṕæʈiʔoł'''<br>'''*loliːṕæʈołiʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈiʔoł'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕæʈołiʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈiʔoł'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕæʈołiʔ'''
|-
|-
| O, o || 1.{{IPA|[ɔ]}} (stressed)<br>2.{{IPA|[o]}} (unstressed) || 1.[O]<br>2.[o] || 1. always in stressed syllables, as in North American English ''th'''ou'''ght''<br>2. always in unstressed syllables <small>(see note)</small>, as in Australian English ''th'''ou'''ght''
| 2d || '''*liːloṕæʈiʔer'''<br>'''*liːloṕæʈeriʔ'''|| '''*loliːṕæʈiʔer'''<br>'''*loliːṕæʈeriʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈiʔer'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕæʈeriʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈiʔer'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕæʈeriʔ'''
|-
|-
| Ô, ô || 1.{{IPA|[ɔ◌̃]}} (stressed)<br>2.{{IPA|[o◌̃]}} (unstressed) || 1.[O˜]<br>2.[o˜] || similar to French ''b'''on''''' (<small>The two variants follow the same rules of distribution of the letter '''o'''</small>)
| rowspan="2" | 3d || '''*liːloṕæʈiʔæt́'''<br>'''*liːloṕæʈæt́iʔ''' || '''*loliːṕæʈiʔæt́'''<br>'''*loliːṕæʈæt́iʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈiʔæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕæʈæt́iʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈiʔæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕæʈæt́iʔ'''
|-
|-
| P, p || {{IPA|[p]}} || [p] || as in ''s'''p'''eed''
| '''*liːloṕæʈiʔ''' || '''*loliːṕæʈiʔ''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈiʔ''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈiʔ'''
|-
|-
| ''Q, q'' || {{IPA|[-]}} || [-] || it is not part of the alphabet, it can be found only in loanwords, where it retains its original pronunciation.
| 1p || '''*liːloṕæʈonoł'''<br>'''*liːloṕæʈołon'''|| '''*loliːṕæʈonoł'''<br>'''*loliːṕæʈołon''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈonoł'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕæʈołon''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈonoł'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕæʈołon'''
|-
|-
| R, r || {{IPA|[r]}} || [r] || ''rolled R'', as in Italian ''te'''rr'''a'' or in Spanish ''pe'''rr'''o''
| 2p || '''*liːloṕæʈoner'''<br>'''*liːloṕæʈeron'''|| '''*loliːṕæʈoner'''<br>'''*loliːṕæʈeron''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈoner'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕæʈeron''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈoner'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕæʈeron'''
|-
|-
| S, s || 1.{{IPA|[s]}}<br>2.{{IPA|[z]}}<br>3.{{IPA|[ʃ]}} || 1.[s]<br>2.[z]<br>3.[S] || 1. in initial position, before any voiceless consonant, and in final position, as in '''''s'''alt''<br>2. in intervocalic position, and before every voiced consonant<small>(see note)</small>, as in ''ro'''s'''e''<br>3. only in the Eastern dialect, when is followed by '''y''' (which is soundless), as in '''''sh'''ow''
| rowspan="2" | 3p || '''*liːloṕonæʈæt́'''<br>'''*liːloṕæʈæt́on''' || '''*loliːṕæʈonæt́'''<br>'''*loliːṕæʈæt́on''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈonæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaliːloṕæʈæt́on''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈonæt́'''<br>'''*ʔaloliːṕæʈæt́on'''
|-
|-
| T, t || {{IPA|[t]}} || [t] || as in '''''t'''ick''
| '''*liːloṕæʈon''' || '''*loliːṕæʈon''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæʈon''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæʈon'''
|}
 
{|- class="wikitable"
| colspan="5"| <center>'''Indefinite moods'''</center>
|-
|-
| U, u || {{IPA|[u]}} || [u] || as in North American English ''g'''oo'''se''
| ||'''''Imperfective present''''' ||'''''Perfective present''''' ||'''''Imperfective past''''' || '''''Perfective past'''''
|-
| V, v || {{IPA|[v]}} || [v] || as in '''''v'''alve''
|-
|-
| W, w || {{IPA|[w]}} || [w] || as in '''''w'''eep''
| ''Infinite<sub><small>1</small></sub>'' || '''*liːloṕæme''' || '''*loliːṕæme''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕæme''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕæme'''  
|-
|-
| ''X, x'' || {{IPA|[-]}} || [-] || it is not part of the alphabet, it can be found only in loanwords, where it retains its original pronunciation.
| ''Infinite<sub><small>2</small></sub>''|| '''*liːloṕika''' || '''*loliːṕika''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕika''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕika'''
|-
|-
| Y, y || {{IPA|[j]}} || [j] || as in '''''y'''ou''
| ''Active participle'' || '''*liːloṕiːto'''|| '''*loliːṕiːto''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕiːto''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕiːto'''
|-
|-
| Z, z || 1.{{IPA|[ʦ]}}<br>2.{{IPA|[ʣ]}} || 1.[ts]<br>2.[dz] || 1. as in German '''''Z'''ehn''<br>2. as in Italian '''''z'''ero''<br><small>(see note for more info about their occurence)</small>
| ''Passive participle'' || '''*liːloṕuki'''|| '''*loliːṕuki''' || '''*ʔaliːloṕuki''' || '''*ʔaloliːṕuki'''
|}
|}


====Notes on orthography====
* The letter '''c''' represents two different sounds. When it is followed by a consonant, or the vowel '''a''', '''o''', '''ô''' or '''u''', it represents the consonant [k]:
:can {{IPA|[ˈkan]}}
:cô {{IPA|[ko◌̃]}}
:cru {{IPA|[ˈkru]}}
it represent [k] also when in final position:
:loc {{IPA|[ˈlɔk]}}
it represents the sound {{IPA|[ʧ]}} when followed by '''e''', '''i''' and '''y''':
:ciwta {{IPA|[ˈʧiwta]}}
:vyice {{IPA|[ˈvjiʧe]}}
:êwcyô {{IPA|[e◌̃ˈwʧjo◌̃]}}
if we want '''c''' to represent the sound [k] before one of the previous sounds, a mute '''h''' is inserted.
:alchies {{IPA|[alˈkies]}}
:brachyô {{IPA|[ˈbrakj◌̃o]}}


* In the Eastern dialect, a final '''e''' (IPA: {{IPA|[e]}}), tends to be pronounced as {{IPA|[ə]}}, (it is said to be ''reduced''), and when it is an ''e mobile'', in '''-er''' endings:
===Kī́rtako===
:lupe W: {{IPA|[ˈlupe]}} / E: {{IPA|[ˈlupə]}}
Verb '''lī́lopɑme''', ''to see''
:rose W: {{IPA|[ˈrɔze]}} / E: {{IPA|[ˈrɔzə]}}
{|-
:veter W: {{IPA|[ˈvɛter]}} / E: {{IPA|[ˈvɛtər]}}
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#FFD482;"| <center>'''''Indicative'''''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pow
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́loper || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́per || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́loper || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́per
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑt
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lop || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lop || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́p
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́loponow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́ponow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́loponow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́ponow
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́loponer || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́poner || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́loponer || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́poner
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́loponɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́ponɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́loponɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́ponɑt
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopon || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pon || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopon || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pon
|}


* The letter '''s''' represents two different sounds. When it is in initial position followed by a voiceless consonant or by a vowel, inside the word followed or preceded by a consonat, or in final position, it represents the consonant [s]:
:saw {{IPA|[ˈsaw]}}
:spwêdye {{IPA|[ˈspwɛ◌̃dje]}}
:serpês {{IPA|[ˈsɛrpe◌̃s]}}


if it is inside the word between two vowels, or followed by a voiced consonant, also in initial position, it represents the consonant [z]:
{|-
:rosa {{IPA|[ˈrɔza]}}
|-
:êsula {{IPA|[ˈêzula]}}
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#FFD482;"| <center>'''''Subjunctive'''''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñow
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñer || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñer || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñer || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñer
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñɑt
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñ || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñ || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñ || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñ
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñonow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñonow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñonow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñonow
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñoner || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñoner || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñoner || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñoner
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́loponɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́ponɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñonɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñonɑt
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñon || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñon || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñon || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñon
|}


during some morphological processes, a [s] could be added after a velar stop ([t] or [d]): when this occurs, [s] merges with these two consonant forming the affricate consonants [ʦ] and [ʣ] respectively, both represented by '''z''':
:''root'' salut- + ''ending'' -s → saluz {{IPA|[ˈsaluʦ]}}
:''root'' lyibertad- + ''ending'' -s → lyibertaz {{IPA|[ljiberˈtaʣ]}}


* In the Eastern dialect, when a '''s''' (IPA: {{IPA|[s]}}) is followed by a '''y''',  it tends to be pronounced as {{IPA|[ʃ]}}, (it is said to be ''palatalized''), while the '''y''' is not pronounced anymore:
{|-
:syor W: {{IPA|[sjor]}} / E: {{IPA|[ʃor]}}
|-
:caysyô W: {{IPA|[kajˈsjo◌̃]}} / E: {{IPA|[kajˈʃo◌̃]}}
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#FFD482;"| <center>'''''Conditional'''''</center>
 
|-
==Noun morphology==
| || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>past'''  
Novelatine retains the complex system of Latin declensions, but the six cases of Latin language have merged in a three-case system: '''Nominative''', '''Genitive''' and '''Accusative'''. Nouns are grouped in four declensions, but as phonological changes modified some endings, each declension group has more subgroups.
|-
 
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtsow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtsow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtsow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtsow
 
|-
===First declension===
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtser || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtser || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtser || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtser
The first declension has both feminine and masculine nouns, but no neuter nouns. Most nouns (more than 90%) are feminine, and there is no difference in the endings between both genders. The endings are:
|-
 
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtsɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtsɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtsɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtsɑt
{|  
|-
!colspan=4|
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑts || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑts || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑts || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑts
|-
|-
!Case
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtsonow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtsonow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtsonow || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtsonow
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || -'''a''' || -'''e'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtsoner || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtsoner || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtsoner || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtsoner
|-
|-
| Genitive || -'''e''' || -'''arô'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtsonɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtsonɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtsonɑt || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtsonɑt
|-
|-
| Accusative || -'''ô''' || -'''es'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtson || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtson || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtson || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtson
|}
|}


*Example: '''Rosa''', ''rose'', feminine


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#FFD482;"| <center>'''''Infinitive'''''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>past'''
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || ros'''a''' || ros'''e'''
| ''Indicative'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑme
|-
|-
| Genitive || ros'''e''' || ros'''arô'''
| ''Subjunctive'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñɑme
|-
|-
| Accusative || ros'''ô''' || ros'''es'''
| ''Conditional'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtsɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtsɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtsɑme || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtsɑme
|}
|}


*Example: '''Êcola''', ''inhabitant'', masculine


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#FFD482;"| <center>'''''Agentive participle'''''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>past'''
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || êcol'''a''' || êcol'''e'''
| ''Indicative'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pī́to
|-
|-
| Genitive || êcol'''e''' || êcol'''arô'''
| ''Subjunctive'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñī́to
|-
|-
| Accusative || êcol'''ô''' || êcol'''es'''
| ''Conditional'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtsī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtsī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtsī́to || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtsī́to
|}
|}


Even if both genders share the same endings, nouns agree with adjectives, articles, pronouns and verbs according the real gender:
* '''Se bone poeta''': ''the good poet''
* '''Sa rosa pulcra''': ''the beautiful rose''


===Second declension===
{|-
The second declension has only masculine and neuter nouns. Each gender forms a different subgroup. There is also a ''-er'' subgroup:
|-
 
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#FFD482;"| <center>'''''Passive participle'''''</center>
====Masculine subgroup====
The endings for the masculine second declension are:
 
{|  
!colspan=4|
|-
|-
!Case
| || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFD482;" | '''Perfective<br>past'''
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || -'''e''' || -'''yi'''
| ''Indicative'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopuki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́puki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopuki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́puki
|-
|-
| Genitive || -'''yi''' || -'''erô'''
| ''Subjunctive'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopiñuki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́piñuki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopiñuki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́piñuki
|-
|-
| Accusative || -'''ô''' || -'''es'''
| ''Conditional'' || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lī́lopɑtsuki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| lolī́pɑtsuki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalī́lopɑtsuki || style="background-color:#FFD482;"| ʔalolī́pɑtsuki
|}
|}


*Example: '''Lupe''', ''wolf''
===Iðâɣ===
 
Verb '''lîβam''', ''to see''
{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Imperfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tòrò êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðòrò êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣò lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣò êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣò lîβam
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tôh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðôh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîh lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîh êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîh lîβam
|-
|-
!Case
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîp || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êp || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tòr êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðòr êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣ lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣ êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣìɣ lîβam
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || lup'''e''' || lup'''yi'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβonò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβonò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tòrô êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðòrô êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣô lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣô êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣô lîβam
|-
|-
| Genitive || lup'''yi''' || lup'''erô'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβonəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβonəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tòrôh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðòrôh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣôh lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣôh êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣôh lîβam
|-
|-
| Accusative || lup'''ô''' || lup'''es'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβon || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβon || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tôr êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðôr êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣ lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣ êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîɣ lîβam
|}
|}


If the root already ends with an '''-y-''', the -yi endings become simply '''-i-''':


*Example: '''Casye''', ''cheese''
{|-
 
|-
{|
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
!colspan=4|
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Passive'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || casy'''e''' || casy'''i'''
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Imperfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
|-
| Genitive || casy'''i''' || casy'''erô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣò lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣò lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣò êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣò êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣò kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣò kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣò kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Accusative || casy'''ô''' || casy'''es'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîh kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîh kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîh kiɣam êβuɣi
|}
 
====Neuter subgroup====
The endings for the neuter second declension are:
 
{|  
!colspan=4|
|-
|-
!Case
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣ lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣìɣ lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣ êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣìɣ êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣ kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣ kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣìɣ kiɣam êβuɣi
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || -'''ô''' || -'''a'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣô lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣô lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣô êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣô êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣô kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣô kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣô kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Genitive || -'''yi''' || -'''erô'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣôh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣôh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣôh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣôh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣôh kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣôh kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣôh kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Accusative || -'''ô''' || -'''a'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣ lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîɣ lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣ êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîɣ êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣ kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣ kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîɣ kiɣam êβuɣi
|}
|}


*Example: '''Pomô''', ''apple''


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || pom'''ô''' || pom'''a'''
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
|-
| Genitive || pom'''yi''' || pom'''erô'''
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Imperfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
|-
| Accusative || pom'''ô''' || pom'''a'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβinò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβinò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tìnò êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðìnò êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinò lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinò êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinò lîβam
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβinəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβinəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tìnəh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðìnəh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kinîh lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kinîh êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣinîh lîβam
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβin || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβin || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tìn êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðìn êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣin lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣin êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣìɣin lîβam
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβinonò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβinonò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tìnô êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðìnô êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinô lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinô êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinô lîβam
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβinonəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβinonəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tìnôh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðìnôh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinôh lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinôh êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinôh lîβam
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβinon || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβinon || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tîn êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðîn êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣin lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣin êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîɣin lîβam
|}
|}


If the root already ends with an '''-y-''', the -yi ending becomes simply '''-i-''':


*Example: '''Brachyô''', ''arm''
{|-
 
|-
{|  
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Passive'''</center>
|-
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Imperfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinò lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinò lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinò êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinò êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinò kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinò kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinò kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kinîh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣinîh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kinîh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣinîh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kinîh kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kinîh kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣinîh kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
!Case
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣin lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣìɣin lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣin êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣìɣin êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣin kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kìɣin kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣìɣin kiɣam êβuɣi
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || brachy'''ô''' || brachy'''a'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinô lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinô lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinô êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinô êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinô kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinô kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinô kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Genitive || brachy'''i''' || brachy'''erô'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinôh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinôh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinôh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinôh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinôh kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinôh kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣinôh kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Accusative || brachy'''ô''' || brachy'''a'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣin lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîɣin lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣin êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîɣin êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣin kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kîɣin kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣîɣin kiɣam êβuɣi
|}
|}


====-er subgroup====
The '''-er''' subgroup contains only masculine nouns whose nominative singular form ends with '''-er'''. They add the usual second declension endings in other cases, some nouns losing the '''-e''' (the ''mobile -e-''), while some other nouns preserve it:


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Imperfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future in past'''
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || - || -'''yi'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβasò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβasò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tàsò êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðàsò êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasò lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasò êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasò lîβam
|-
|-
| Genitive || -'''yi''' || -'''erô'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβasəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβasəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tàsəh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðàsəh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâh lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâh êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjâh lîβam
|-
|-
| Accusative || -'''ô''' || -'''es'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβas || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβas || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tàs êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðàs êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjàɣ lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjàɣ êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjàɣ lîβam
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβasonò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβasonò || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tàsô êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðàsô êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasô lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasô êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasô lîβam
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβasonəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβasonəh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tàsôh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðàsôh êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasôh lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasôh êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasôh lîβam
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβason || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβason || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| tâs êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áðâs êβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâɣ lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâɣ êβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjâɣ lîβam
|}
|}


*Example: '''Ager''', ''field''


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4| With mobile -e-
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Passive'''</center>
|-
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Imperfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasò lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasò lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasò êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasò êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasò kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasò kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasò kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjâh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjâh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâh kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâh kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjâh kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
!Case
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjàɣ lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjàɣ lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjàɣ êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjàɣ êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjàɣ kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjàɣ kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjàɣ kiɣam êβuɣi
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || ager || agr'''yi'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasô lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasô lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasô êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasô êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasô kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasô kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasô kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Genitive || agr'''yi''' || agr'''erô'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasôh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasôh lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasôh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasôh êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasôh kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasôh kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣiɣasôh kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Accusative || agr'''ô''' || agr'''es'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâɣ lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjâɣ lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâɣ êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjâɣ êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâɣ kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kjâɣ kiɣam êβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| áɣjâɣ kiɣam êβuɣi
|}
|}


*Example: '''Pwer''', ''boy''


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4| Without mobile -e-
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Infinite'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past'''
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || pwer || pwer'''yi'''
| '''Indicative''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβam
|-
|-
| Genitive || pwer'''yi''' || pwer'''erô'''
| '''Subjunctive''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβinam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβinam
|-
|-
| Accusative || pwer'''ô''' || pwer'''es'''
| '''Conditional''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβasam || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβasam
|}
|}


====Labial subgroup====
Some nouns, whose root ends in '''-w-''', change this last consonant in '''-l-''' before the ''-yi'' endings (singular genitive and nominative masculine plural):


*Example: '''Mawô''', ''evil''
{|-
 
|-
{|  
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Infinite'''</center>
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Passive'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past'''
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || maw'''ô''' || maw'''a'''
| '''Indicative''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Genitive || mal'''yi''' || maw'''erô'''
| '''Subjunctive''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣinam êβuɣi
|-
|-
| Accusative || maw'''ô''' || maw'''a'''
| '''Conditional''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasam lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| kiɣasam êβuɣi
|}
|}


===Third declension===
The third declension is the most complex and large noun declension group. There are many subgroup, as many nouns has little differences, even if the declension pattern remains the same.


The basic declension patterns for masculine/feminine and for neuter nouns are:
{|-
 
{|  
!colspan=4| Masculine/Feminine
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Participles'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || - || -'''s'''
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past'''  
|-
|-
| Genitive || -'''s''' || -'''ô'''
| '''Active''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβíðə || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβíðə
|-
|-
| Accusative || -'''ê''' || -'''es'''
| '''Passive''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| lîβuɣi || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| êβuɣi
|}
|}


{|  
===Læntixu===
!colspan=4| Neuter
Verb '''ʎiloɸæm‘''', ''to see''
{|-
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="8" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || - || -'''a'''
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Continous present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Continuous past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past perfect''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future 1''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future 2''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Future Perfect'''
|-
|-
| Genitive || -'''s''' || -'''ô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸof || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| owf ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| owf loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| iwf ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| iwf loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| gjixof ʎiloɸiñæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| jimof ʎiloɸiñæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| emof ʎiloɸiñæm‘
|-
|-
| Accusative || - || -'''a'''
| 2s-3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸæh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojh ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojh loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| joh ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| joh loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| gjixæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| jimæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘|| style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| emæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸonof || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| onof ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| onof loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| inof ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| inof loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| gjixonof ʎiloɸiñæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| jimonof ʎiloɸiñæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| emonof ʎiloɸiñæm‘
|-
| 2p-3p || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸonæh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| onæh ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| onæh loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| inæh ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| inæh loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| gjixonæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| jimonæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| emonæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘
|}
|}


If the root ends with a bilabial stop ({{IPA|[t]}} or {{IPA|[d]}}), these consonants merge with the ending ''-s'' in '''z''' ({{IPA|[ʦ]}} or {{IPA|[ʣ]}} respectively), in the genitive singular, and in the masculine and feminine nominative plural:


* Example: '''Ciwta''', ''city'', substantive of the nominative vowel subgroup.
{|-
 
|-
{|  
| || colspan="3" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
!Case
|-
!Singular
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past perfect'''
!Plural
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸiñof || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojñof loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ijñof loʎiɸjiθu
|-
|-
| Nominative || ciwta || ciwta'''z'''
| 2s-3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸiñæh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojñæh loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ijñæh loʎiɸjiθu
|-
|-
| Genitive || ciwta'''z''' || ciwtad'''ô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸiñonof || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojñonof loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ijñonof loʎiɸjiθu
|-
|-
| Accusative || ciwtad'''ê''' || ciwtad'''es'''
| 2s-3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸiñonæh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojñonæh loʎiɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ijñonæh loʎiɸjiθu
|}
|}


If the last consonant of the noun root is '''-s-''', or there are two or more consonants, the singular genitive ending becomes '''-is''', while the plural nominative ending becomes '''-es''':


* Example: '''Pader''', ''father'', substantive with ''mobile -e-''.
{|-
 
|-
{|  
| || colspan="3" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
!colspan=4|  
|-
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Continuous present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past'''
|-
|-
!Case
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸæsof || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojsof ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojsof loʎiɸjiθu
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || pader || padr'''es'''
| 2s-3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸæsæh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojsæh ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojsæh loʎiɸjiθu
|-
|-
| Genitive || padr'''is''' || padr'''ô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸæsonof || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojsonof ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojsonof loʎiɸjiθu
|-
|-
| Accusative || padr'''ê''' || padr'''es'''
| 2s-3s || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸæsonæh || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojsonæh ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojsonæh loʎiɸjiθu
|}
|}


====First subgroup====
The first subgroup contains nouns whose singular nominative form coincides with their root. They simply add the regular endings.


* Example: '''Can''', ''dog''.
{|-
 
|-
{|
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Infinite'''</center>
!colspan=4|
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || can || can'''s'''
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past'''  
|-
|-
| Genitive || can'''s''' || can'''ô'''
| '''Indicative''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojæm‘ loʎiɸjiθu
|-
|-
| Accusative || can'''ê''' || can'''es'''
| '''Subjunctive''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸiñæm‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ojñæm‘ loʎiɸjiθu
|}
|}


====Second subgroup (Vowel nominative form)====
The second subgroup contains nouns whose root is the plural genitive without the -ô ending. The nominative form usually ends with a vowel, as the root's last consonant was lost in this form.


* Example: '''Du''', ''leader''.
{|-
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| <center>'''Participles'''</center>
|-
| ||style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| '''Past'''
|-
| '''Active''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸjiθu || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| loʎiɸjiθu
|-
| '''Passive''' || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| ʎiloɸux‘ || style="background-color:#FFF3D7;"| loʎiɸux‘
|}


{|  
===Ancient Figo===
!colspan=4|
Verb '''līločem''', ''to see''
{|-
|-
|-
!Case
| ||colspan="6" style="background-color:#83FF82;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || du || duc'''s'''
| ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Present''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Past''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Perfect''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Future''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Future perfect'''
|-
|-
| Genitive || duc'''s''' || duc'''ô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhow
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhər
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločeš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčeš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločageš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčageš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēheš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēheš
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līloč || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīč || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločag || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčag || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēh || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēh
|-
| 1d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhohi 
|-
| 2d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhəri
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločeši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčeši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločageši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčageši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēheši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēheši
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līloči || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīči || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhi
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhohon
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhəron
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhešon
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločagon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčagon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga imēhon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga imēhon
|-
|-
| Accusative || duc'''ê''' || duc'''es'''
|}
|}


====Third subgroup (Nasal subgroup)====
The second subgroup contains nouns whose root is the plural genitive without the -ô ending. The nominative form usually ends with a nasal vowel, as the root's last consonant '''-n''' merged with the previous vowel in this form. The masculine and feminine nouns usually has -ô at the nominative form, while the neuter nouns usually has -ê.


* Example: '''Opyinyô''', ''opinion, thought''.
{|-
 
|-
{|  
| ||colspan="4" style="background-color:#83FF82;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
!colspan=4| Masculine/Feminine declension
|-
| ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Present''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Past''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Perfect''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Plusquamperfect'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagow
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagər
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočeš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočeš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočageš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočageš
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločoč || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčoč || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočag || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočag
|-
| 1d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagohi
|-
| 2d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagəri
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočeši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočeši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočageši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočageši
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločoči || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčoči || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagi
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagohon
|-
|-
!Case
| 2p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagəron
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || opyinyô || opyinyon'''s'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagešon
|-
|-
| Genitive || opyinyon'''s''' || opyinyon'''ô'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagon
|-
|-
| Accusative || opyinyon'''ê''' || opyinyon'''es'''
|}
|}


* Example: '''Nomê''', ''noun, name''.


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4| Neuter declension
|-
| ||colspan="4" style="background-color:#83FF82;"| <center>'''Potential'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Present''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Past''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Perfect''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Plusquamperfect'''
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || nomê || nomin'''a'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagow || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagow
|-
|-
| Genitive || nomin'''s''' || nomin'''ô'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečagər || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečagər
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečeš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečeš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečageš || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečageš
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločeč || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčeč || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečag || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečag
|-
| 1d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečagohi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečagohi
|-
| 2d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagəri || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagəri
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečeši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečeši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečageši || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečageši
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločeči || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčeči || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločočagi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčočagi
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečagohon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečagohon
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečagəron || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečagəron
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečagešon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečagešon
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločečagon || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčečagon
|-
|-
| Accusative || nomê || nomin'''a'''
|}
|}


====Fourth subgroup (Palatal subgroup)====
The fourth group contains nouns whose plural genitive form adds an '''-y-''' infix before the usual -ô endings. Neuter nouns in this subgroup add the -y- infix also within the plural nominative and accusative forms.


* Example: '''Awr''', ''ear''.
{|-
 
|-
{|  
| ||colspan="4" style="background-color:#83FF82;"| <center>'''Indefinite'''</center>
!colspan=4|  
|-
| ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Present''' ||style="background-color:#83FF82;"| '''Past'''
|-
|-
!Case
| Primary<br>Infinite || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločem || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčem
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || awr || awr'''s'''
| Secondary<br>Infinite || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločiga || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčiga
|-
|-
| Genitive || awr'''s''' || awr'''yô'''
| Agentive<br>Participle|| style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločīdu || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčīdu
|-
|-
| Accusative || awr'''ê''' || awr'''es'''
| Passive<br>Participle || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| līločugi || style="background-color:#83FF82;"| alolīčugi
|}
|}


* Example: '''Mar''', ''sea''.
===Modern Figo===
Verb '''řirušjid''', ''to see''


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Participles'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || mar || mar'''ya'''
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
|-
| Genitive || mar'''s''' || mar'''yô'''
| Present || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug
|-
| Past || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug
|-
|-
| Accusative || mar || mar'''ya'''
|}
|}


====Fifth subgroup (Labial subgroup)====
The fifth group contains nouns whose the root's last consonant '''-l-''' becomes an -w in the singular nominative form and in the singular accusative form for neuter nouns. The plural forms add the palatal infix -y- according to the rules of the palatal subgroup.


* Example: '''Pew''', ''skin''.


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|  
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Present'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || pew || pel'''s'''
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
|-
| Genitive || pel'''s''' || pel'''yô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩrs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩrs
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩs
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩns || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩns
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩrõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩrõs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩžõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩžõs
|-
|-
| Accusative || pel'''ê''' || pel'''es'''
|}
|}


* Example: '''Animaw''', ''animal''.


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|  
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Past'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩvs
|-
|-
!Case
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩrs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩrs
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || animaw || animal'''ya'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩs
|-
|-
| Genitive || animal'''s''' || animal'''yô'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩns || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩns
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩrõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩrõs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩžõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩžõs
|-
|-
| Accusative || animaw || animal'''ya'''
|}
|}


====Sixth subgroup (participial subgroup)====
The sixth subgroup contains nouns whose conjugation is the same as the past participles. The nominative singular final consonant -s is replaced in all other forms with a '''-t''', which merge with the ending ''-s'' in '''-z''', when required. The plural forms follow the palatal subgroup declension pattern.


* Example: '''Dês''', ''tooth''.
{|-
 
|-
{|  
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
!colspan=4|  
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Imperfect'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩrs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩrs
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩs
|-
|-
!Case
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩns || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩns
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || dês|| dê'''z'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩrõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩrõs
|-
|-
| Genitive || dê'''z''' || dêt'''yô'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩžõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩžõs
|-
|-
| Accusative || dêt'''ê''' || dêt'''es'''
|}
|}


====Irregular subgroup====
There are a number of nouns, which have an irregular behavior, even if they follow the usual third declension pattern:
* ''nom.'' capo; ''gen.'' capiz; ''acc.'' capo; ''pl. nom.'' capita; ''pl. gen.'' capitô ''pl. acc.'' capita (''head'')


===Fourth declension===
{|-
The fourth declension has masculine, feminine and neuter nouns. There are two subgroups the '''-e subgroup''' and the '''-o subgroup'''.
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Past perfect'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩrs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩrs
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩs
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩns || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩns
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩrõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩrõs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩžõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩžõs
|-
|}


====-e subgroup====
The '''-e subgroup''' contains both masculine and feminine nouns. Most nouns are masculine (more than 95 %), but the few feminine nouns are very used. These are the endings.


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || -'''e''' || -'''os'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Future'''</center>
|-
|-
| Genitive || -'''os''' || -'''wô'''
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid mjov || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid mjuvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug mjov || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug mjuvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid mjer || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid mjirs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug mjer || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug mjirs
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid mješ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid mjiš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug mješ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug mjiš
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ mjõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ mjũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ mjõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ mjũs
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ mjerõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ mjirũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ mjerõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ mjirũs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ mježõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ mjižũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ mježõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ mjižũs
|-
|-
| Accusative || -'''ô''' || -'''es'''
|}
|}


*Example: '''Pase''', ''step'', masculine


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Anterior future'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid imjov || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid imjuvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug imjov || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug imjuvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid imir || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid imirs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug imir || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug imirs
|-
|-
!Case
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid imeš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid imiš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug imeš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug imiš
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || pas'''e''' || pas'''os'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ imjõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ imjũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ imjõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ imjũs
|-
|-
| Genitive || pas'''os''' || pas'''wô'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ imirõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ imirũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ imirõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ imirũs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ imižõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ imižũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ imižõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ imižũs
|-
|-
| Accusative || pas'''ô''' || pas'''es'''
|}
|}


*Example: '''Dome''', ''house'', ''home'', feminine


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Future in the past'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid imjov || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid imjuvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug imjov || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug imjuvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid imir || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid imirs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug imir || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug imirs
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid imeš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid imiš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug imeš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug imiš
|-
|-
!Case
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ imjõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ imjũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ imjõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ imjũs
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || dom'''e''' || dom'''os'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ imirõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ imirũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ imirõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ imirũs
|-
|-
| Genitive || dom'''os''' || dom'''wô'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ imižõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ imižũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ imižõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ imižũs
|-
|-
| Accusative || dom'''ô''' || dom'''es'''
|}
|}


====-o subgroup====
The '''-o subgroup''' contains only neuter nouns. These are the endings.


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Present'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || -'''o''' || -'''wa'''
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
|-
| Genitive || -'''os''' || -'''wô'''
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wũšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wũšĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wũšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wũšĩvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wũšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wũšris || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wũšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wũšris
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wũš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wũšis || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wũš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wũšis
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wũšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wũšũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wũšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wũšũs
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wũšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wũšrũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wũšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wũšrũs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wũžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wũžũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wũžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wũžũs
|-
|-
| Accusative || -'''o''' || -'''wa'''
|}
|}


*Example: '''Geno''', ''knee''


{|  
{|-
!colspan=4|
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Past'''</center>
!Singular
!Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || gen'''o''' || gen'''wa'''
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
|-
| Genitive || gen'''os''' || gen'''wô'''
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jũšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jũšĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jũšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jũšĩvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jũšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jũšris || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jũšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jũšris
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jũš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jũšis || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jũš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jũšis
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jũšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jũšũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jũšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jũšũs
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jũšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jũšrũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jũšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jũšrũs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jũžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jũžũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jũžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jũžũs
|-
|-
| Accusative || gen'''o''' || gen'''wa'''
|}
|}


==Articles, Adjectives and Pronouns==
===Articles===
Novelatine has a definite article, '''se'''. The western dialect has an indefinite article, the numeral '''une''', while the eastern dialect usually uses no indefinite article. The article ''une'' declines as a normal first class adjective.


====Definite article====
{|-
The definite article '''se''' has an irregular declension:
|-
 
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
{|  
|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Imperfect'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wũšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wũšĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wũšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wũšĩvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wũšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wũšris || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wũšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wũšris
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wũš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wũšis || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wũš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wũšis
|-
|-
!Case
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wũšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wũšũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wũšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wũšũs
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || se || sa || sô || syi || se || sa
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wũšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wũšrũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wũšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wũšrũs
|-
|-
| Genitive || sies || sies || sies || syor || syar || syor
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wũžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wũžũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wũžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wũžũs
|-
|-
| Accusative || sô || sô || sô || ses || ses || sa
|}
|}


The nominative singular masculine and neuter forms usually lose their vowel before another vowel and get an apostrophe, while the nominative neuter singular and all accusative singular forms become '''son''' before another vowel:


* '''S'agricola son agrô si col''': ''the farmer cultivates his own field''
{|-
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Past perfect'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jũšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jũšĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jũšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jũšĩvs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jũšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jũšris || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jũšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jũšris
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jũš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jũšis || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jũš || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jũšis
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jũšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jũšũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jũšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jũšũs
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jũšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jũšrũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jũšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jũšrũs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jũžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jũžũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jũžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jũžũs
|-
|}


In the eastern dialect the nominative plural masculine form, '''syi''', gets shorter too:


* W: '''Syi agricole ses agres si col''' - E: '''Sy'agricole ses agres si col''': ''the farmers cultivate their own fields''
{|-
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Present'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩšivs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩšivs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩšris || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩšris
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid wĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug wĩs
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩšũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩšũs
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩšrũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩšrũs
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ wĩžũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ wĩžũs
|-
|}


In the eastern dialect, especially in most marginal area, all plural forms uses the '''sy-'' alternative root (pronounced {{IPA|[ʃ]}}-):


* W: '''Syi agricole ses agres si col''' - E: '''Sy'agricole syes agres si col''': ''the farmers cultivate their own fields''
{|-
 
|-
In the northern villages of the western valley, before another vowel the accusative forms and the neuter forms in the singular become '''som''' instead of ''son''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
 
|-
* W: '''S'agricola som agrô si col''': ''the farmer cultivates his own field''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Past'''</center>
 
|-
The articles usually merge with the preposition '''ad''', because of the normal merging of the sounds [d] + [s] = [ʣ]. As the preposition '''ad''' can be followed by the accusative or the genitive case, these are the merged forms:
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
 
|-
{|  
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩšivs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩšivs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩšris || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩšris
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjid jĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušug jĩs
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩšũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩšũs
|-
|-
!Case
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩšrũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩšrũs
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| '''''ad''''' + Genitive || azies || azies || azies || azyor || azyar || azyor
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušjidũ jĩžũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| řirušuɣĩ jĩžũs
|-
|-
| '''''ad''''' + Accusative || azô || azô || azô || azes || azes || aza
|}
|}


===Adjectives===
Adjectives usually decline according to the gender and the number of the noun they qualify. They are usually placed after their nouns, but sometimes they are found before them.


Adjectives are divided in two class, according to their declension pattern:
{|-
 
|-
====1st class====
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
The adjectives in this class decline like I and II declension nouns. They use the I declension endings for feminine nouns, and the II declension endings for masculine and neuter nouns:
|-
 
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Imperfect'''</center>
* Example: '''Nove''', ''new''
|-
{|  
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩšivs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩšivs
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩšris || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩšris
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid wĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug wĩs
|-
|-
!Case
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩšũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩšũs
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || nov'''e''' || nov'''a''' || nov'''ô''' || nov'''yi''' || nov'''e''' || nov'''a'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩšrũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩšrũs
|-
|-
| Genitive || nov'''yi''' || nov'''e''' || nov'''yi''' || nov'''erô''' || nov'''arô''' || nov'''erô'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ wĩžũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ wĩžũs
|-
|-
| Accusative || nov'''ô''' || nov'''ô''' || nov'''ô''' || nov'''es''' || nov'''es''' || nov'''a'''
|}
|}


They follow the same rules of the II declension, as there are adjectives with ''mobile e'' or with a palatal infix ''-y-''


* Example: '''Veter''', ''old'', adjective with ''mobile e''
{|-
{|  
|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Past perfect'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || veter || vetr'''a''' || vetr'''ô''' || vetr'''yi''' || vetr'''e''' || vetr'''a'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩšivs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩšev || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩšivs
|-
|-
| Genitive || vetr'''yi''' || vetr'''e''' || vetr'''yi''' || vetr'''erô''' || vetr'''arô''' || vetr'''erô'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩšris || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩšr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩšris
|-
|-
| Accusative || vetr'''ô''' || vetr'''ô''' || vetr'''ô''' || vetr'''es''' || vetr'''es''' || vetr'''a'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjid jĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišug jĩs
|}
 
* Example: '''Lyiber''', ''free'', adjective without ''mobile e''
{|  
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
|-
!Case
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩšũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩšõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩšũs
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || lyiber || lyiber'''a''' || lyiber'''ô''' || lyiber'''yi''' || lyiber'''e''' || lyiber'''a'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩšrũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩšrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩšrũs
|-
|-
| Genitive || lyiber'''yi''' || lyiber'''e''' || lyiber'''yi''' || lyiber'''erô''' || lyiber'''arô''' || lyiber'''erô'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišjidũ jĩžũs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| aruřišuɣĩ jĩžũs
|-
|-
| Accusative || lyiber'''ô''' || lyiber'''ô''' || lyiber'''ô''' || lyiber'''es''' || lyiber'''es''' || lyiber'''a'''
|}
|}




====2nd class====
{|-
The adjectives in this class decline like III declension nouns. They use the normal III declension endings for masculine, feminine and neuter nouns, with the same root. They can belong to anyone of all III declension subgroup, except the first one.
|-
 
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>'''Resultative'''</center>
* Example: '''Brev''', ''short'', ''brief'', adjective belonging to the ''palatal subgroup''.
|-
{|  
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Active''</center> || colspan="2" style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Passive''</center>
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
| || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Positive''</center> || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| <center>''Negative''</center>
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wẽv || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wĩvs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| - || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| -
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wẽr || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wĩrs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| - || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| -
|-
|-
!Case
| 3s || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wẽh || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wĩs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| - || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| -
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || brev || brev || brev || brev'''s''' || brev'''s''' || brev'''ya'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wẽnõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wĩns || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| - || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| -
|-
|-
| Genitive || brev'''s''' || brev'''s''' || brev'''s''' || brev'''yô''' || brev'''yô''' || brev'''yô'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wẽrõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wĩrõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| - || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| -
|-
|-
| Accusative || brev'''ê''' || brev'''ê''' || brev || brev'''es''' || brev'''es''' || brev'''ya'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wẽžõ || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| ruřišaža wĩžõs || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| - || style="background-color:#D9FFCD;"| -
|}
|}


* Example: '''Ceweber''', ''famous'', adjective belonging to the ''palatal subgroup'' with ''mobile e''.
===Biwdiw===
{|  
Verb '''līlušiwgɛ''', ''to see''
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
{|-
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center> 
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || ceweber  || ceweber || ceweber || cewebre'''s''' || cewebre'''s''' || cewebr'''ya'''
| ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective future''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Resultative perfect''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Resultative plusquamperfect'''
|-
|-
| Genitive || cewebri'''s''' || cewebri'''s''' || cewebri'''s''' || cewebr'''yô''' || cewebr'''yô''' || cewebr'''yô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Accusative || cewebr'''ê''' || cewebr'''ê''' || ceweber || cewebr'''es''' || cewebr'''es''' || cewebr'''ya'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līluš || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīš || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīluš || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīš || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛň līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛň hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛň hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 1d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwhū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 2d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwhir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwcɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwh līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňunū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňunir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňunjɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňun līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňun hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňun hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|}
|}


* Example: '''Awda''', ''brave'', ''bold'', ''audacious'', adjective belonging to the ''vowel nominative subgroup'' (for this group the plural forms are the same ones of the palatal subgroup).
 
{|  
{|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center> 
|-
| ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective future''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Resultative perfect''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Resultative plusquamperfect''' 
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwň || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwň || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwň || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwň || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwň līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwň hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwň hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
!Case
| 1d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňiwhū līlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || awda || awda || awda || awdac'''s''' || awdac'''s''' || awdac'''ya'''
| 2d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňiwhir līlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Genitive || awdac'''s''' || awdac'''s''' || awdac'''s''' || awdac'''yô''' || awdac'''yô''' || awdac'''yô'''
| 3d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňiwcɛc līlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Accusative || awdac'''ê''' || awdac'''ê''' || awda || awdac'''es''' || awdac'''es''' || awdac'''ya'''
| 3d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňiwh līlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|}
 
* Example: '''Agiw''', ''nimble'', ''agile'', adjective belonging to the ''labial subgroup''.
{|  
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
|-
!Case
| 1p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňunū līlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || agiw || agiw || agiw || agil'''s''' || agil'''s''' || agil'''ya'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňunir līlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Genitive || agil'''s''' || agil'''s''' || agil'''s''' || agil'''yô''' || agil'''yô''' || agil'''yô'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňunjɛc līlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Accusative || agil'''ê''' || agil'''ê''' || agiw || agil'''es''' || agil'''es''' || agil'''ya'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňun līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňiwňun hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňiwňun hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|}
|}


====Comparison====
There are two ways for creating the various degree of comparison. One is directly retained from the ancient Latin, while the other one is a more recent creation.


The first form of comparison is built by adding some endings to the adjective's root:
{|-
 
|-
 
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| <center>'''Optative'''</center> 
* '''Nove''', ''new'', 1st class
|-
 
| ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective future''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Resultative perfect''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Resultative plusquamperfect'''
{|  
|-
!colspan=7|Declension of the comparative form
| 1s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušuš || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšuš || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīluš || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšuš || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňuš līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňuš hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňuš hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 1d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušiwhū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 2d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušiwhir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušiwcɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
| 3d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušiwh līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
!Case
| 1p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušunū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || nov'''yer''' || nov'''yer''' || nov'''ye'''|| nov'''yers''' || nov'''yers''' || nov'''yera'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušunir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Genitive || nov'''yers''' || nov'''yers''' || nov'''yers''' || nov'''yerô''' || nov'''yerô''' || nov'''yerô'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušunjɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Accusative || nov'''yerê''' || nov'''yerê''' || nov'''ye''' || nov'''yeres''' || nov'''yeres''' || nov'''yeres'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušun līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňušun hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňušun hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|}
|}


* '''Nove''', ''new'' 1st class


{|
{|-
!colspan=7|Declension of the superlative form
|-  
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| <center>'''Potential'''</center> 
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || nov'''isime''' || nov'''isima''' || nov'''isimô''' || nov'''isimyi''' || nov'''isime''' || nov'''isima'''  
| ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective future''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Resultative perfect''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Resultative plusquamperfect'''
|-
|-
| Genitive || nov'''isimyi''' || nov'''isime''' || nov'''isimyi''' || nov'''isimerô''' || nov'''isimarô''' || nov'''isimerô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Accusative || nov'''isimô''' || nov'''isimô''' || nov'''isimô''' || nov'''isimes''' || nov'''isimes''' || nov'''isima'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛcɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈ līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈ hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈ hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 1d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈiwhū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈiwhū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 2d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈiwhir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈiwhir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈiwcɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈiwcɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3d || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈiwh || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈiwh līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈunū || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈunū līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈunir || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈunir līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈunjɛc || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈunjɛc līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈun || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈun līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| çɛňɛʈun hɛlulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛçɛňɛʈun hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|}
|}


* '''Brev''', ''short'', 2st class


{|  
{|-
!colspan=7|Declension of the comparative form
|-
|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| <center>'''Infinite'''</center> 
|-
|-
!Case
| ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective past''' 
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || brev'''yer''' || brev'''yer''' || brev'''ye'''|| brev'''yers''' || brev'''yers''' || brev'''yera'''
| Indicative || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Genitive || brev'''yers''' || brev'''yers''' || brev'''yers''' || brev'''yerô''' || brev'''yerô''' || brev'''yerô'''
| Subjunctive || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušiwňiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšiwňiwgɛ
|-
|-
| Accusative || brev'''yerê''' || brev'''yerê''' || brev'''ye''' || brev'''yeres''' || brev'''yeres''' || brev'''yeres'''
| Optative || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušušiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšušiwgɛ
|-
| Potential || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušɛʈiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšɛʈiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušɛʈiwgɛ || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšɛʈiwgɛ
|}
|}


* '''Brev''', ''short'' 2st class


{|
{|-
!colspan=7|Declension of the superlative form
|-  
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| <center>'''Participles'''</center> 
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || brev'''isime''' || brev'''isima''' || brev'''isimô''' || brev'''isimyi''' || brev'''isime''' || nov'''isima'''  
| ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective present''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Imperfective past''' ||style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| '''Perfective past'''
|-
|-
| Genitive || brev'''isimyi''' || brev'''isime''' || brev'''isimyi''' || brev'''isimerô''' || brev'''isimarô''' || brev'''isimerô'''
| Agentive || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušīdu || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšīdu || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušīdu || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšīdu
|-
|-
| Accusative || brev'''isimô''' || brev'''isimô''' || brev'''isimô''' || brev'''isimes''' || brev'''isimes''' || brev'''isima'''
| Passive || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| līlušugiw || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| lulīšugiw || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlīlušugiw || style="background-color:#BDF6F9;"| hɛlulīšugiw
|}
|}


 
===Gəjlnigo===
The second form of comparison is built by using the adverb '''mags''' with the normal grade of the adjective. The comparative form is formed by placing '''mags''' before the normal declined adjective, while the superlative form is formed with the ''definite article'' + '''mags''' before the declined adjective.
Verb '''ləjužəjge''', ''to see''
 
{|-
* '''bone''' → '''''mags''' bone'' → '''''se mags''' bone''
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
 
|-
The second forms are usually used with adjectives with more than three syllables, or with loanwords. This use is, however, not fixed yet. Especially in the Western dialect the use of '''mags''' is spreading also with shorter adjectives, while in the Eastern dialect also some longer adjectives use the first forms. In some remote villages of the Western dialect ''mags'' is replaced with '''pwe''' (from the Latin PLUS).
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective past'''    
 
|-
The comparison endings are usually added to the real root of the adjective, restoring an actually lost consonant:
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužɔ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjgehɔ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjgehɔ || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjdo || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjdo
 
|-
* '''agiw''' → agilyer, agilisime
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužih || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjgehih || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjgehih
* '''awda''' → awdacyer, awdacisime
 
In the case of adjectives, whose nominative masculine singular form ends in '''-er''' with a ''mobile e'', the superlative ending become '''-ime''' and is added directly to the ''-er'' ending without losing the ''-e-'':
 
* '''veter''' → vetryer, veter'''ime'''
* '''ceweber''' → cewebryer, ceweber'''ime'''
 
====Demonstrative adjectives====
There are two demonstrative adjectives: '''isvi''' which means ''that'', and '''ste''' which means ''this''; both they have an irregular conjugation:
 
* '''Isvi''', ''that''
 
{|  
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
|-
!Case
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjuš || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjgeh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjgeh
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || isvi || avi || ivi || yivi || evi || avi
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužunɔ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjgehunɔ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjgehunɔ || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjduno || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjduno
|-
|-
| Genitive || iesvi || iesvi || iesvi || orôvi || arôvi || orôvi
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužunih || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjgehunih || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjgehunih
|-
|-
| Accusative || ôvi || ôvi || ivi || esvi || asvi || avi
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužun || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjgehun || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjgehun
|}
|}


* '''Ste''', ''this''


{|  
{|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective past'''   
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || ste || sta || sto || styi || ste || sta
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužɔ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužəjgehɔ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužəjgehɔ || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužəjdo || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužəjdo
|-
|-
| Genitive || sties || sties || sties || storô || starô || storô
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužih || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužəjgehih || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužəjgehih
|-
|-
| Accusative || stô || stô || sto || stes || stes || sta
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužuš || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužəjgeh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužəjgeh
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužunɔ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužəjgehunɔ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužəjgehunɔ || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužəjduno || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužəjduno
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužunih || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužəjgehunih || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužəjgehunih
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužun || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužəjgehun || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužəjgehun
|}
|}


===Pronouns===


====Personal pronouns====
{|-
The personal pronouns in Novelatine have an irregular declension. Some of them have an alternative root in some cases. In the third persons the pronouns are divided for gender, in singular (as in English) and in plural number.
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Infinite'''</center>
|-
| style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective'''
|-
| style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužəjge || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužəjge
|}


The most important feature, is the retention of the dative forms, for all personal pronouns:


{|  
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Participle'''</center>
!English
|-
!Nominative
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective'''
!Genitive
!Dative
!Accusative
|-
|-
|1st sing. || ''I'' || '''eo''' || mey || mi || me
| Indicative || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužuǵ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužuǵ
|-
|-
|2nd sing. || ''you'' (sing.) || '''tu''' || tuy || ti || te
| Conditional || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ləjužužuǵ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| ejjužužuǵ
|}
 
===Cärähə===
Verb '''rīrusühä''', ''to see''
{|-
| || colspan="9" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
|-
|3rd sing. f. || ''he'' || '''le''' || lies || luy || lô
| || colspan="9" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
|-
|3rd sing. m. || ''she'' || '''la''' || lies || luy || lô
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present continuous''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past continous''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
|-
|3rd sing. n. || ''it'' || '''lo''' || lies || luy || lo
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänü rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänü rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänü rīrusühä
|-
|-
|1st plur. || ''we'' || '''nos''' || nestri || nob || nos
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänir rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänir rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänir rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänir rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänir rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänir rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänir rīrusühä
|-
|-
|2nd plur. || ''you'' (plur.) || '''vos''' || vestri || vob || vos
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīruśäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīśäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cän rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cän rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcän rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcän rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cän rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cän rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcän rīrusühä
|-
|-
|3rd plur. m. || ''they'' (m.) || '''lyi''' || lyor || lyis || les
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusunü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsunü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunü rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunü rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunü rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunü rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunü rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunü rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunü rīrusühä
|-
|-
|3rd plur. f. || ''they'' (f.) || '''le''' || lyar || lyis || les
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusunir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsunir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunir rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunir rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunir rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunir rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunir rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunir rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunir rīrusühä
|-
|-
|3rd plur. n. || ''they'' (n.) || '''la''' || lyor || lyis || la
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänun rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänun rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänun rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänun rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänun rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänun rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänun rīrusühä
|}
|}


With most prepositions, which usually require the genitive case, dative forms of personal pronouns are used. The only exception is the preposition '''cô''', which has exceptional forms for the first and the second persons:


* eo: '''mecô''' (''with me'')
{|-
* tu: '''tecô''' (''with you'' sing.)
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Passive'''</center>
* nos: '''nobiscô''' (''with us'')
|-
* vos: '''vobiscô''' (''with you'' plur.)
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänü cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänir cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänir cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänir cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cän rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcän rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cän rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcän rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cän cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cän cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcän cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunü cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunü cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunü cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunir cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänunir cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänunir cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänun rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänun rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänun rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänun rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänun cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänun cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänun cänühä rīruśuhi
|}


The personal pronouns have also replaced the possessive adjectives and pronouns:


The possession is expressed by the dative personal pronouns, placed after the possessed noun:
{|-
| || colspan="9" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="9" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present continuous''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past continous''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusünü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsünü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünü rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünü rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünü rīrusühä
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusünir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsünir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünir rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünir rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünir rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünir rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünir rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünir rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünir rīrusühä
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänün rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänün rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänün rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänün rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänün rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänün rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänün rīrusühä
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusünunü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsünunü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunü rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunü rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunü rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunü rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunü rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunü rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunü rīrusühä
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusünunir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsünunir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunir rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunir rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunir rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunir rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunir rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunir rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunir rīrusühä
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusünuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsünuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünun rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünun rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünun rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünun rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünun rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünun rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünun rīrusühä
|}


* '''Eo son amicô ti vidye''': ''I see your friend''


The dative forms do not agree with the possessed noun, only with the gender and the number of the possessor(s).
{|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Passive'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünü cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünir cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünir cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünir cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänün rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänün rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänün rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänün rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänün cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänün cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänün cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunü cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunü cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunü cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunir cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünunir cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünunir cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünun rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünun rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünun rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünun rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünun cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünun cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänünun cänühä rīruśuhi
|}


* '''Eo son amicô lyis vidye''': ''I see their friend''
* '''Eo ses amices ti vidye''': ''I see your friends''


The genitive forms are used instead of the possessive pronouns, or when the adjectives would be used as object in the sentence.


* '''Ste can mey e''': ''This dog is mine''
{|-
* '''Styi cans mey sôt''': ''These dogs are mine''
| || colspan="9" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="9" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Optative'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present continuous''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past continous''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrususü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsusü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü rīrususīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänü rurīsusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusü rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusü rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusü rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusü rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusü rīrusühä
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrususir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsusir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusir rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusir rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusir rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusir rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusir rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusir rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusir rīrusühä
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusuśäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsuśäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänus rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänus rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänus rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänus rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänus rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänus rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänus rīrusühä
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrususunü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsusunü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunü rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunü rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunü rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunü rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunü rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunü rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunü rīrusühä
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrususunir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsusunir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunir rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunir rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunir rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunir rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunir rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunir rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunir rīrusühä
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrususuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsusuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusun rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusun rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusun rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusun rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusun rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusun rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusun rīrusühä
|}


====Relative pronoun====
The relative pronoun '''cwi''' has an irregular declension:


{|  
{|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Passive'''</center>
|-
|-
!Case
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Optative'''</center>
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || cwi || cwe || cwo || cwi|| cwe || cwe
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
|-
| Genitive || chies || chies || chies || cwor || cwar || cwor
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusü cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusü cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusü cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
|-
| Accusative || cwê || cwô || cwo || cwes || cwes || cwe
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusir cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusir cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusir cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänus rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänus rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänus rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänus rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänus cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänus cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänus cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunü cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunü cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunü cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunir cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusunir cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusunir cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusun rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusun rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusun rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusun rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusun cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänusun cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcänusun cänühä rīruśuhi
|}
|}


====Indefinite pronouns====


* '''Alcwi''': it may mean ''someone, somebody, something'' or ''anyone, anybody, anything''. It declines like ''cwi'':
{|-
 
| || colspan="9" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
{|  
|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
| || colspan="9" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Potential'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present continuous''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past continous''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīruśäɕü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīśäɕü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cänünü rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕü rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕü rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕü rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕü rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕü rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕü rīrusühä
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīruśäɕir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīśäɕir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕir rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕir rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕir rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕir rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕir rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕir rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕir rīrusühä
|-
|-
!Case
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīruśäɕäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīśäɕäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕ rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕ rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕ rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕ rurīsīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕ rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕ rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕ rīrusühä
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || alcwi || alcwe || alcwo || alcwi|| alcwe || alcwe
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīruśäɕunü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīśäɕunü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunü rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunü rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunü rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunü rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunü rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunü rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunü rīrusühä
|-
|-
| Genitive || alchies || alchies || alchies || alcwor || alcwar || alcwor
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīruśäɕunir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīśäɕunir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunir rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunir rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunir rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunir rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunir rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunir rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunir rīrusühä
|-
|-
| Accusative || alcwê || alcwô || alcwo || alcwes || alcwes || alcwe
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīruśäɕuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīśäɕuńäh || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕun rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕun rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕun rīrusīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕun rurīsīdənə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕun rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕun rurīsühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕun rīrusühä
|}
|}


* '''Nemê''': it may mean ''no one, nobody'', only with humans or other animated beings. It has an irregular declension, only in the singular:


{|  
{|-
!Case
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Passive'''</center>
!Forms
|-
|-
| Nominative || nemê
| || colspan="7" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
|-
| Genitive || nemins
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Plusquamperfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future perfect''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Future in past'''
|-
|-
| Accusative || neminê
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕü cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕü cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕü cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕir cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕir cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕir cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕ rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕ rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕ rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕ rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕ cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕ cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕ cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunü rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunü rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunü cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunü cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunü cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunir rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunir rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunir cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕunir cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕunir cänühä rīruśuhi
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕun rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕun rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕun rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕun rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕun cänühä rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| cäńäɕun cänühä rurīśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| häcäńäɕun cänühä rīruśuhi
|}
|}


* '''Niw''': it means ''nothing'', with things or action or statuses. It has an irregular declension, only in the singular:


{|  
{|-
!Case
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Indefinite'''</center>
!Forms
|-
|-
| Nominative || niw
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Past'''
|-
|-
| Genitive || nulriy
| Infinite || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusühä || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsühä
|-
|-
| Accusative || niw
| Active<br>Participle|| style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīrusīdə || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīsīdə
|-
| Passive<br>Participle|| style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rīruśuhi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| rurīśuhi
|}
|}


* '''Omcwi''': it may mean ''everyone, everybody, everything''. It declines like ''cwi'':
===Viwdiwgu===
 
Verb '''līlužiwgɛ''', ''to see''
{|  
{|-
!||colspan=3|Singular||colspan=3|Plural
|-
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective past'''   
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwçū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužīdu || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžīdu
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwçir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžir
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwčɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛc
|-
| 1d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwhū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwçiwhū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwhū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužīduhiw || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžīduhiw
|-
| 2d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwhir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwçiwhir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwhir
|-
|-
!Case
| 3d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwcɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwçiwcɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwcɛc
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
!Masculine
!Feminine
!Neuter
|-
|-
| Nominative || omcwi || omcwe || omcwo || omcwi|| omcwe || omcwe
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwçü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžü || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužīdū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžīdū
|-
|-
| Genitive || omchies || omchies || omchies || omcwor || omcwar || omcwor
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužür || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwçür || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžür
|-
|-
| Accusative || omcwê || omcwô || omcwo || omcwes || omcwes || omcwe
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužünjɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwçünjɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžünjɛc
|}
|}


===Numbers===
These are the Novelatine numbers, with their cardinal and ordinal forms:


{|  
{|-
!Number
!Cardinal
!Ordinal
|-
|-
| 1 || une || pryime
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
|-
|-
| 2 || due || secunde
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective past'''   
|-
|-
| 3 || W: tre / E: ter || terce
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwçū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňīdu || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňīdu
|-
|-
| 4 || W: cwatre / E: cwater || cwarte
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwçir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňir
|-
|-
| 5 || cwêc || cwête
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwčɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňɛc
|-
|-
| 6 || W: sey / E: ses || seste
| 1d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwhū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwçiwhū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňiwhū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňīduhiw || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňīduhiw
|-
|-
| 7 || sewtê || sewtime
| 2d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwhir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwçiwhir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňiwhir
|-
|-
| 8 || owto || owtave
| 3d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwcɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwçiwcɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňiwcɛc
|-
|-
| 9 || novê || none
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwçü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňü || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňīdū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňīdū
|-
|-
| 10 || decê || decime
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňür || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwçür || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňür
|-
|-
| 11 || ôdecê || ôdecime
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňünjɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwňiwçünjɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwňünjɛc
|}
 
 
{|-
|-
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Potential'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective present''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective future''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective past''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective past'''   
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwçū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsīdu || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsīdu
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwçir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsir
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛcɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwčɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛcɛc
|-
| 1d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwhū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwçiwhū || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsiwhū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsīduhiw || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsīduhiw
|-
|-
| 12 || dwodecê || dwodecime
| 2d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwhir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwçiwhir || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsiwhir
|-
|-
| 13 || tredecê || tredecime
| 3d || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwcɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwçiwcɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsiwcɛc
|-
|-
| 14 || cwaterdecê || cwaterdecime
| 1p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwçü || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsü || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsīdū || rowspan="3" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsīdū
|-
|-
| 15 || cwêdecê || cwêdecime
| 2p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsür || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwçür || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsür
|-
|-
| 16 || W: seydecê / E: sesdecê || W: seydecime / E: sesdecime
| 3p || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsünjɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužɛtsiwçünjɛc || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžɛtsünjɛc
|}
 
 
{|-
|-
|-
| 17 || sewtêdecê || sewtêdecime
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| <center>'''Indefinite moods'''</center>
|-
|-
| 18 || dwedevyinti || dwedevyigesime
| || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Imperfective''' || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| '''Perfective'''   
|-
|-
| 19 || ôdevyinti || ôdevyigesime
| Infinite || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužiwgɛ || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžiwgɛ
|-
|-
| 20 || vyinti || vyigesime
| Participle || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| līlužuɣi || style="background-color:#EBFFF7;"| lulīžuɣi
|}
 
===Jeʂtəra===
Verb '''līloṕəme''', ''to see''
{|-
|-
|-
| 21 || vyinti une || vyigesime prime
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
|-
| 22 || vyinti due || vyigesime secunde
| || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Perfective<br>past''' ||style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>future'''
|-
|-
| 30 || tryinta || tryintesime
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳol līloṕəme
|-  
| 40 || cwadryinta || cwadryintesime
|-
|-
| 50 || cwêcyinta || cwêcyintesime
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳer līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 60 || sesyinta || sesyintesime
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳət́ līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 70 || sewtyinta || sewtyintesime
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳ līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 80 || owtyinta || owtyintesime
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳolon līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 90 || novyinta || novyintesime
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳeron līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 100 || cêtô || cêtesime
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳət́on līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 200 || dwecêtyi || dwecêtesime
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳon līloṕəme
|}
 
 
{|-
|-
|-
| 300 || trecêtyi || trecêtesime
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
|-
|-
| 400 || cwadregêtyi || cwadregêtesime
| || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Perfective<br>past''' ||style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>future'''
|-
|-
| 500 || cwêgêtyi || cwêgêtesime
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕiəɳol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕiəɳol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕiəɳol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕiəɳol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳiəɳol līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 600 || sescêtyi || sescêtesime
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕiəɳer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕiəɳer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕiəɳer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕiəɳer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳiəɳer līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 700 || sewtêgêtyi || sewtêgêtesime
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕiəɳət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕiəɳət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕiəɳət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕiəɳət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳiəɳət́ līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 800 || owtêgêtyi || owtêgêtesime
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕiəɳ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕiəɳ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕiəɳ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕiəɳ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳiəɳ līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 900 || nôgêtyi || nôgêtesime
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕiəɳolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕiəɳolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕiəɳolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕiəɳolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳiəɳolon līloṕəme
|-  
| 1000 || mil || milesime
|-
|-
| 2000 || due milya || due milesime
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕiəɳeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕiəɳeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕiəɳeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕiəɳeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳiəɳeron līloṕəme
|-
|-
| 1.000.000 || milyô || milyonesime
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕiəɳət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕiəɳət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕiəɳət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕiəɳət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳiəɳət́on līloṕəme
|-  
|-
| 1.000.000.000 || milyarde || milyardesime
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕiəɳon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕiəɳon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕiəɳon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕiəɳon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳiəɳon līloṕəme
|}
|}


===Declension===
Most numbers are indeclinable, while only a few agree with their nouns.


* '''Une''' declines like a 1st class adjectives: ''une'', ''una'', ''unô'', etc. It has no plural forms.
{|-
* '''Due''' has its own declension: m/f/n nominative: '''due'''; m/n genitive: '''dwor''', f genitive: '''dwar'''; m/f/n accusative: '''dues'''
|-
* The multiples of ''cêtô'', like '''dwecêtyi''', '''trecêtyi''', etc., decline like 1st class plural adjectives, even if there are other indeclinable numbers after them: '''sescêta vyinti cwêc poma''': ''625'' apples; '''le dwecêtes dues roses imyit''': ''he bought 202 roses''
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
* '''Milya''' is the actual plural of '''mil''', but it is indeclinable.
|-
* '''Milyô''' and '''milyarde''' are nouns (respectively of III and II declension). They decline according to their rule in the sentence and their nouns are in genitive cases: '''Due milyons ominô''': ''two million people''; '''unô milyonê bawteryerô côtê''', ''it contains one million bacteria''
| || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Perfective<br>past''' ||style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>future'''  
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕoṕol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕoṕol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕoṕol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕoṕol || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳoṕol līloṕəme
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕoṕer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕoṕer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕoṕer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕoṕer || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳoṕer līloṕəme
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕoṕət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕoṕət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕoṕət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕoṕət́ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳoṕət́ līloṕəme
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕoṕ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕoṕ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕoṕ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕoṕ || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳoṕ līloṕəme
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕoṕolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕoṕolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕoṕolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕoṕolon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳoṕolon līloṕəme
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕoṕeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕoṕeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕoṕeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕoṕeron || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳoṕeron līloṕəme
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕoṕət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕoṕət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕoṕət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕoṕət́on || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳoṕət́on līloṕəme
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕoṕon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕoṕon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕoṕon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕoṕon || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔəɳoṕon līloṕəme
|}


==Verbs==
Novelatine has a strictly conservative and quite difficult verbal morphology. The complex verbal system of ancient Latin is retained, also with the passive synthetic forms. Nevertheless an analitic new future tense was developed, together with two conditional tenses. An isolated resultative form was developed too.


===Conjugations===
{|-
Novelatine verbs are divided in four conjugations:
|-
| || colspan="5" style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | <center>'''Indefinite moods'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Perfective<br>present''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Imperfective<br>past''' || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;" | '''Perfective<br>past'''
|-
| Infinite || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕəme || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕəme || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕəme || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕəme
|-
| Active<br>Participle || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕīto || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕīto || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕīto || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕīto
|-
| Passive<br>Participle || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| līloṕəwkiə || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| lolīṕəwkiə || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalīloṕəwkiə || style="background-color:#FFBBE9;"| ʔalolīṕəwkiə
|}


{|  
===Βaβar===
!Conjugation
Verb '''ɸaq''', ''to see''
!Ending
{|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
|-
| I || -'''ar'''  
| || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Imperfective''' || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Perfective''' || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Continous''' || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
|-
| II || -'''er''' (palatal)
| 1s || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaquš || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāquš || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sūš  || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sūš
|-
|-
| III || -'''er''' (non palatal)
| 2s || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqum || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqum || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sūm  || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sūm
|-
|-
| IV || -'''yir'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaquɣ || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāquɣ || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sūɣ  || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sūɣ
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqūža || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqūža || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sūža || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sūža
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqūku || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqūku || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sūku || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sūku
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqūç || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqūç || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sūç || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sūç
|}
|}


The second conjugation uses the same endings of the third conjugation, plus a palatal infix -'''y''', in many forms. For clarity's sake, we don't consider this verbal class as a subgroup of the third conjugation, but as an independent conjugation class, according to the tradition of Latin four conjugations' pattern.


===Indicative===
{|-
====Present tense (têpe praysês)====
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
The '''present tense''' is formed by adding some endings to the present root of the chosen verb. In the singular second person forms, if the root ends with a bilabial stop ([t] or [d]), these consonants merge with the endings in '''z''' ([ʦ] or [ʣ] respectively):
|-
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Imperfective''' || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Perfective''' || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Continous''' || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
| 1s || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqūš || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqūš || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sjaš  || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sjaš
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqūm || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqūm || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sjam  || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sjam
|-
| 3s || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqūɣ || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqūɣ || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sjaɣ  || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sjaɣ
|-
| 1p || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqujža || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqujža || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sjaža || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sjaža
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqujku || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqujku || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sjaku || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sjaku
|-
| 3p || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqujç || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqujç || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaqurā sjaç || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāqurā sjaç
|}


* '''Spewtar''', ''to watch'', ''to look at'' → '''spewz''' {{IPA|[spɛwʦ]}}, ''you are watching''
* '''Eseder''', ''to eat'' → '''esez''' {{IPA|[ezeʣ]}}, ''you are eating''


However if the root ends with two consonants (except for -''yC''-, -''wC''- and -''rC''-), the endings become I: -'''es''', II: -'''yis''', III: -'''is''', IV: -'''yis'''
{|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
|-
| || colspan="2" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| <center>'''Imperative'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Imperfective''' || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| '''Perfective'''  
|-
| 2s || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaq || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāq
|-
| 2p || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸaq || style="background-color:#E1E1E1;"| ɸāq
|}


These are the endings:
===Memniq===
 
Verb '''ťerkel''', ''to see''
{|
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="6" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
! I conj.
|-
! II conj.
| || colspan="6" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
! III conj.
|-
! IV conj.
| || colspan="3" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Imperfective'''</center> || colspan="3" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Perfective'''</center>
|-
| || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Future'''
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''e''' || mon'''ye''' || leg'''e''' || fin'''ye'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| joťreku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťreku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| juťreku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| joťereku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťereku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| juťereku
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''s''' || mon'''s''' || leg'''s''' || fin'''s'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťreku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťreko || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťreku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťireku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťireku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťireku
|-
|-
| III sing. || am || mon || leg || fin
| 3s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťreke || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťreke || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťreke || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťerek || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerek || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťerek
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''em''' || mon'''yim''' || leg'''im''' || fin'''yim'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrekem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrekim || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťrekem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerekim || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerekem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťerekem
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''ez''' || mon'''yiz''' || leg'''iz''' || fin'''yiz'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrekeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrekiš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťrekeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťirekiš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťirekeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťirekeš
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''êt''' || mon'''yêt''' || leg'''ôt''' || fin'''yôt'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťreket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrekit || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťreket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerekit || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťereket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťereket
|}
|}


The third singular person usually adds a '''Ø-ending''' or '''zero ending''', or it can be said it adds no ending. If the verbal root ends in more than a consonant, this could trigger some changes in the verbal root:


* if the verbal root ends with -'''Cw'''-, the -''w''- is dropped:
{|-
: ''locwer'': locwe, locwis, loc, locwim...
| || colspan="6" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
 
|-
====Imperfect tense (têpe êperfewtô)====
| || colspan="6" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Subjunctive'''</center>
 
|-
{|
| || colspan="3" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Imperfective'''</center> || colspan="3" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Perfective'''</center>
!Person
|-
! I conj.
| || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Future'''
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''avô''' || mon'''yivô''' || leg'''yivô''' || fin'''yivô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| joťräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| juťräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| joťeräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| juťeräku
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''avs''' || mon'''yivs''' || leg'''yivs''' || fin'''yivs'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräko || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťiräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťiräku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťiräku
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''av''' || mon'''yiv''' || leg'''yiv''' || fin'''yiv'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťräke || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräke || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťräke || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťeräk || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeräk || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťeräk
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''avem''' || mon'''yivem''' || leg'''yivem''' || fin'''yivem'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräkem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräkim || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťräkem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeräkim || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeräkem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťeräkem
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''avez''' || mon'''yivez''' || leg'''yivez''' || fin'''yivez'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräkeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräkiš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťräkeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťiräkiš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťiräkeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťiräkeš
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''avêt''' || mon'''yivêt''' || leg'''yivêt''' || fin'''yivêt'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťräkit || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťräket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeräkit || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeräket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťeräket
|}
|}


====Perfect tense (têpe perfewtô)====
The '''perfect tense''' is formed by adding some endings to the perfect root of the chosen verb. The perfect root usually coincide with the present root, as we can see in the case of most verbs of the first conjugation, but in the other conjugations, especially with irregular verbs, the root is not the same.


These are the usual endings:
{|-
 
| || colspan="6" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
{|
|-
!Person
| || colspan="6" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Conditional'''</center>
! I conj.
|-
! II conj.
| || colspan="3" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Imperfective'''</center> || colspan="3" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Perfective'''</center>
! III conj.
|-
! IV conj.
| || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Future'''
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''ay''' || mon'''yi''' || legs'''yi''' || fin'''iyi'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| joťraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| juťraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| joťeraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| juťeraku
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''ayst''' || mon'''yust''' || legs'''yist''' || fin'''iyist'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrako || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťiraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťiraku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťiraku
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''aw''' || mon'''yut''' || legs'''yit''' || fin'''iyit'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťrake || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrake || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťrake || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťerak || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerak || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťerak
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''aym''' || mon'''yum''' || legs'''yim''' || fin'''iyim'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrakem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrakim || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťrakem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerakim || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerakem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťerakem
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''ayz''' || mon'''yuz''' || legs'''yiz''' || fin'''iyiz'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrakeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrakiš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťrakeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťirakiš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťirakeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťirakeš
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''ayerôt''' || mon'''yerôt''' || legs'''yerôt''' || fin'''iyerôt'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťraket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrakit || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťraket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerakit || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeraket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťeraket
|}
|}


When a verbs belongs to a certain conjugation, it will usually add the conjugation's typical endings. However,  some irregular verbs of the first, the second and the fourth conjugation, add the third declension's endings to their irregular perfect root.


* '''Dar''', ''Ir'' → dedyi, dedyist, dedyit, dedyim, dedyiz, dedyerôt
{|-
* '''Ryider''', ''IIr'' → ryisyi, ryisyist, ryisyit, ryisyim, ryisyiz, ryisyerôt
| || colspan="6" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
* '''Capyir''', ''IVr'' → cepyi, cepyist, cepyit, cepyim, cepyiz, cepyerôt
|-
 
| || colspan="6" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Optative'''</center>
They will be marked with Ir, IIr and IIIr in the Lexycon section.
|-
 
| || colspan="3" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Imperfective'''</center> || colspan="3" style="background-color:#fcff91;"| <center>'''Perfective'''</center>
====Plusquamperfect tense (têpe pwuscwôperfewtô)====
|-
 
| || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| '''Future'''
{|
!Person
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''ayerô''' || mon'''yerô''' || legs'''yerô''' || fin'''iyerô'''
| 1s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| joťriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| juťriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| joťeriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| juťeriku
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''ayers''' || mon'''yers''' || legs'''yers''' || fin'''iyers'''
| 2s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťriko || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťiriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťiriku || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťiriku
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''ayer''' || mon'''yer''' || legs'''yer''' || fin'''iyer'''
| 3s || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťrike || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrike || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťrike || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jaťerik || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerik || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| jöťerik
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''ayerem''' || mon'''yerem''' || legs'''yerem''' || fin'''iyerem'''
| 1p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrikem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrikim || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťrikem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerikim || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerikem || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťerikem
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''ayerez''' || mon'''yerez''' || legs'''yerez''' || fin'''iyerez'''
| 2p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrikeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrikiš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťrikeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťirikiš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťirikeš || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťirikeš
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''ayerêt''' || mon'''yerêt''' || legs'''yerêt''' || fin'''iyerêt'''
| 3p || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťriket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťrikit || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťriket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťerikit || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ťeriket || style="background-color:#fcff91;"| ëťeriket
|}
|}


====Future tense (têpe futurô)====
===Æbbro===
The synthetic future tense of ancient Latin has entirely disappeared, and it was replaced by a new analytic future form.
Verb '''tuurkar''', ''to see''
 
{|-
It is formed with the present forms of the verb '''aber''' and the infinite form of the main verb:
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
 
* '''Eo ao caner''': ''I will sing''
* '''Cras a sô mar ao vader''': ''Tomorrow I will go to the beach''
 
===Subjunctive===
====Present tense (têpe praysês)====
 
{|
!Person
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''ê''' || mon'''yô''' || leg'''ô''' || fin'''yô'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Positive'''</center>
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''is''' || mon'''yes''' || leg'''es''' || fin'''yes'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''i''' || mon'''ye''' || leg'''e''' || fin'''ye'''
| || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Repetitive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Progressive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''im''' || mon'''yem''' || leg'''em''' || fin'''yem'''
| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkar || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarom  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarap  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarunn
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''iz''' || mon'''yez''' || leg'''ez''' || fin'''yez'''
| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaruud || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaromuud  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarapudd  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarunnuud
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''êt''' || mon'''yôt''' || leg'''êt''' || fin'''yêt'''
| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroow || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaromoow  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarapoow  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarunnoow
|}
|}


====Imperfect tense (têpe êperfewtô)====


{|
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''arê''' || mon'''erê''' || leg'''erê''' || fin'''yirê'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Negative'''</center>
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''ars''' || mon'''ers''' || leg'''ers''' || fin'''yirs'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Indicative'''</center>
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''ar''' || mon'''er''' || leg'''er''' || fin'''yir'''
| || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Repetitive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Progressive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''arem''' || mon'''erem''' || leg'''erem''' || fin'''yirem'''
| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaral || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaromal  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarapal  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarunnal
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''arez''' || mon'''erez''' || leg'''erez''' || fin'''yirez'''
| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroor || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaromoor  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarapoor  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarunnoor
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''arêt''' || mon'''erêt''' || leg'''erêt''' || fin'''yirêt'''
| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaruubb || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaromuubb  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarapuubb  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarunnuubb
|}
|}


====Perfect tense (têpe perfewtô)====


{|
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''ayerê''' || mon'''yerê''' || legs'''yerê''' || fin'''iyerê'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Positive'''</center>
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''ayeris''' || mon'''yeris''' || legs'''yeris''' || fin'''iyeris'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Optative'''</center>
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''ayeri''' || mon'''yeri''' || legs'''yeri''' || fin'''iyeri'''
| || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Repetitive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Progressive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''ayerim''' || mon'''yerim''' || legs'''yerim''' || fin'''iyerim'''
| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarull || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullom  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullap  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullunn
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''ayeriz''' || mon'''yeriz''' || legs'''yeriz''' || fin'''iyeriz'''
| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarulluud || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullomuud  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullapudd  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullunnuud
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''ayerêt''' || mon'''yerêt''' || legs'''yerêt''' || fin'''iyerêt'''
| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarulloow || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullomoow  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullapoow  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullunnoow
|}
|}


====Plusquamperfect tense (têpe pwuscwôperfewtô)====


{|
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''aysê''' || mon'''yisê''' || legs'''yisê''' || fin'''iyisê'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Negative'''</center>
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''aysis''' || mon'''yisis''' || legs'''yisis''' || fin'''iyisis'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Optative'''</center>
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''aysi''' || mon'''yisi''' || legs'''yisi''' || fin'''iyisi'''
| || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Repetitive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Progressive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''aysim''' || mon'''yisim''' || legs'''yisim''' || fin'''iyisim'''
| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullal || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullomal  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullapal  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullunnal
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''aysiz''' || mon'''yisiz''' || legs'''yisiz''' || fin'''iyisiz'''
| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarulloor || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullomoor  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullapoor  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullunnoor
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''aysêt''' || mon'''yisêt''' || legs'''yisêt''' || fin'''iyisêt'''
| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarulluubb || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullomuubb  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullapuubb  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarullunnuubb
|}
|}


===Conditional===
The conditional forms have two tenses, the ''present'' and the ''past'' tense. It is an analytic mood, formed with the auxiliary verb '''aver'''.


The conditional present is formed with the perfect tense forms of the verb '''aber''', plus the infinitive form of the main verb:


* '''Eo avyi caner''': ''I would sing''
{|-
* '''Cras azô mar avyi vader''': ''Tomorrow I would go to the beach''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
 
|-
The conditional past is formed with the plusquamperfect tense form of the verb '''aber''', plus the infinitive form of the main verb:
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Positive'''</center>
 
|-
* '''Eo avyerô caner''': ''I would have sung''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Potential'''</center>
* '''Azô mar avyerô vader''': ''I would have gone to the beach''
|-
 
| || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Repetitive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Progressive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Resultative'''  
===Resultative===
|-
The resultative form is not inherited from Ancient Latin, but it is a later creation, most likely under the influence of the Italian ''passato prossimo''.
| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarogg || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggom  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggap  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggunn
 
|-
It is formed with the present forms of the verb '''aber''' and the past participle without the adjectival endings:
| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarogguud || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggomuud  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggapudd  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggunnuud
 
* '''advenyir''', ''to happen'' → advête → advêt: '''cwo a advêt?''', ''what has happened? what did just happen?''
* '''facer''', ''to do'' → fawte → fawt: '''cwo as fawt?''', ''what have you done? what did you just do?''
 
Its meaning and use are slightly different between the two dialects, but its basic meaning is pointing out the result of an action. In a more linguistically precise definition, it is a perfective past form of the verb.
 
===Impersonal forms===
These forms are called ''impersonal'', because they are not conjugated as usual verbs, but they represent special forms, usually considered as '''adjectival forms'''.
 
====Gerundive====
The gerundive is an adjectival form, which usually means ''which must be X-ed''. It declines like a normal 1st class adjective, thus we will show only the masculine nominative singular form.
 
{|
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| am'''ôde''' || mon'''êde''' || leg'''êde''' || fin'''êde'''
| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggoow || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggomoow  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggapoow  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggunnoow
|}
|}


===Passive forms===
====Indicative present tense====


{|
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''er''' || mon'''yer''' || leg'''er''' || fin'''yer'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Negative'''</center>
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''eres''' || mon'''yires''' || leg'''ires''' || fin'''yires'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Potential'''</center>
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''eter''' || mon'''yiter''' || leg'''iter''' || fin'''yiter'''
| || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Repetitive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Progressive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''emer''' || mon'''yimer''' || leg'''imer''' || fin'''yimer'''
| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggal || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggomal  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggapal  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggunnal
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''emnyi''' || mon'''yimnyi''' || leg'''imnyi''' || fin'''yimny'''
| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggoor || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggomoor  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggapoor  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggunnoor
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''êter''' || mon'''yêter''' || leg'''ôter''' || fin'''yôter'''
| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarogguubb || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggomuubb  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggapuubb  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaroggunnuubb
|}
|}


====Indicative imperfect tense====


{|
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''aver''' || mon'''yiver''' || leg'''yiver''' || fin'''yiver'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Positive'''</center>
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''averes''' || mon'''yiveres''' || leg'''yiveres''' || fin'''yiveres'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Imperative'''</center>
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''aveter''' || mon'''yiveter''' || leg'''yiveter''' || fin'''yiveter'''
| || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Repetitive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Progressive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''avemer''' || mon'''yivemer''' || leg'''yivemer''' || fin'''yivemer'''
| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkar || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkarom  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| -
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''avemnyi''' || mon'''yivemnyi''' || leg'''yivemnyi''' || fin'''yivemnyi'''
| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| -|| style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| -
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''avêter''' || mon'''yivêter''' || leg'''yivêter''' || fin'''yivêter'''
| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| -
|}
|}


====Subjunctive present tense====


{|
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Active'''</center>
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''êr''' || mon'''yôr''' || leg'''ôr''' || fin'''yôr'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Negative'''</center>
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''ires''' || mon'''yeres''' || leg'''eres''' || fin'''yeres'''
| || colspan="4" style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| <center>'''Imperative'''</center>
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''iter''' || mon'''yeter''' || leg'''eter''' || fin'''yeter'''
| || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Repetitive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Progressive''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Perfect''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| '''Resultative'''  
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''imer''' || mon'''yemer''' || leg'''emer''' || fin'''yemer'''
| '''Present''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaral || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| tuurkaromal  || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| -
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''imnyi''' || mon'''yemnyi''' || leg'''emnyi''' || fin'''yemnyi'''
| '''Past''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| -|| style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| -
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''êter''' || mon'''yôter''' || leg'''êter''' || fin'''yêter'''
| '''Future''' || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| - || style="background-color:#e6b8af;"| -
|}
|}


====Subjunctive imperfect tense====
===Dʰakʰi===
 
Verb '''-uːska''', ''to see''
{|
{|-
!Person
| || colspan="18" style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| <center>'''Habitual'''</center>
! I conj.
! II conj.
! III conj.
! IV conj.
|-
|-
| I sing. || am'''arer''' || mon'''erer''' || leg'''erer''' || fin'''yirer'''
| || colspan="18" style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| <center>'''-'''</center>
|-
|-
| II sing. || am'''areres''' || mon'''ereres''' || leg'''ereres''' || fin'''yireres'''
| || colspan="18" style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| <center>'''Positive'''</center>
|-
|-
| III sing. || am'''areter''' || mon'''ereter''' || leg'''ereter''' || fin'''yireter'''
| || colspan="18" style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| <center>'''Main'''</center>
|-
|-
| I plur. || am'''aremer''' || mon'''eremer''' || leg'''eremer''' || fin'''yiremer'''
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''-''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''1-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''1a-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''2-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''3-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''3a-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''4-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''5-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''6-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''6a-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''7-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''7a-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''8-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''9-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''1p-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''2p-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''dim.-sg'''
|-
|-
| II plur. || am'''aremnyi''' || mon'''eremnyi''' || leg'''erenyi''' || fin'''yiremnyi'''
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''1-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kaluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| koṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəsuːska
|-
|-
| III plur. || am'''arêter''' || mon'''erêter''' || leg'''erêter''' || fin'''yirêter'''
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''1a-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kaluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| koṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| kəsuːska
|}
 
===Verb eser (to be)===
 
{|
! colspan=5| Indicative
|-
|-
!Person
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''2-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| repuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| raluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ridʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| roṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| rəsuːska
! Present
! Imperfect
! Perfect
! Pl.perfect
|-
|-
| I sing. || sô || erô || fuyi || fuyerô
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''3-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| muːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| maluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| midʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| moṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məsuːska
|-
|-
| II sing. || es || ers || fuyist || fuyers
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''3a-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| muːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| mutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| maluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| midʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| moṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| məsuːska
|-
|-
| III sing. || e || er || fuyit || fuyer
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''4-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰaluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰoṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gʰəsuːska
|-
|-
| I plur. || some || erem || fuyim || fuyerem
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''5-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| puːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| putuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| putuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| paluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| poṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| pəsuːska
|-
|-
| II plur. || ez || erez || fuyiz || fuyerez
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''6-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| taluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| toṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təsuːska
|-
|-
| III plur. || sôt || erôt || fuyerôt || fuyerêt
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''6a-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| taluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| tidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| toṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| təsuːska
|}
 
{|
! colspan=5| Subjunctive
|-
|-
!Person
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''7-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| quːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qaluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qoṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəsuːska
! Present
! Imperfect
! Perfect
! Pl.perfect
|-
|-
| I sing. || sê || eserê || fuyerê || fuyisê
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''7a-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| quːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qaluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qoṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| qəsuːska
|-
|-
| II sing. || ses || eseris || fuyers || fuyisis
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''8-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| luːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| lokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| lokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ləruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| lumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| lumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ləgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| lepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| lutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| lutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ləquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ləquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| laluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| lidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| loṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ləguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ləsuːska
|-
|-
| III sing. || set || eseri || fuyer || fuyisi
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''9-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰaluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰoṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| dʰəsuːska
|-
|-
| I plur. || sem || eserim || fuyerim || fuyisim
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''1p-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅaluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| - || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅəguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| ṅəsuːska
|-
|-
| II plur. || sez || eseriz || fuyeriz || fuyisiz
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''2p-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| guːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gəruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gəgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gəquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| galuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| goṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| - || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| gəsuːska
|-
|-
| III plur. || sêt || eserêt || fuyerêt || fuyisêt
| || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| '''dim-sg''' || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| suːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| sokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| sokuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| səruːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| sumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| sumuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| səgʰuːska  || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| sepuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| sutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| sutuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| səquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| səquːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| saluːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| sidʰuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| soṅuːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| səguːska || style="background-color:#6cb8ff;"| səsuːska
|}
|}
Other compound tenses and moods are formed according to the usual grammar rules.
===Other irregular verbs===
====I conjugation====
* '''dar''': do, das, da, dam, daz, dôt
* '''star''': sto, stas, sta, stam, staz, stôt
====II conjugation====
* '''aber''': ao, as, a, avyim, avyiz, ôt, ''perf.'': aviy, avyust...
* '''poser''': posô, podes, pode, posom, podez, posôt, ''imperf.'': poderô, poders...; ''perf.'': podiy, podyust..; ''subj. pres.'': posê, poses, pose, posem, posez, posêt; ''subj. imperf.'': poserê, posers...
* '''tener''': tenye, tens, tê, tenyim, tenyiz, W: tenyêt/E: têt
* '''voler''': volye, vols, vut, volyim, volyiz, volyôt
====III conjugation====
* '''facer''': facye, W: facs/E: fac, W: fac/ E: fa, facim, faciz, facyôt
* '''noscer''': nosce, noscis, nos, noscim, nosciz, noscôt
==Syntax==
Novelatine has retained a large part of the vast Latin syntax, while has created some new innovations, some of them shared with other Romance languages, while some other under the influence of the surrounding Italian language.
===Constituent order===
Novelatine is a typical SOV language. It retained the ancient Latin word order, in which the verb usually comes at the end of the sentence. As it still make a large of use of its case, the constituent order can be considered as '''free''', but the position of the various parts of the sentences is ruled by semantic, more than syntactic, rules.
* '''<span style="color:red">Marce</span>''' (''subject'') '''<span style="color:blue">Siwvyô</span>''' (''object'') '''<span style="color:green">vid</span>''' (''verb''): ''<span style="color:red">Marce</span> <span style="color:green">sees</span> <span style="color:blue">Siwvya</span>''
The position of the ''indirect object'' (marked with D) is not compulsorily fixed, like the other parts of the sentence, but it usually tends to respect these rules:
- it usually comes before the direct object (O):
* '''<span style="color:red">Marce</span>''' (S) '''<span style="color:orange">azô docêtê</span>''' (D) '''<span style="color:blue">sô libelô si</span>''' (O) '''<span style="color:green">dedyit</span>''': ''<span style="color:red">Marce</span> <span style="color:green">gave</span>'' ''<span style="color:orange">the teacher</span>'' ''<span style="color:blue">his own book</span>''
- if the indirect object is a pronoun, it moves immediately before the verb:
* '''<span style="color:red">Marce</span>''' (S) '''<span style="color:blue">sô libelô si</span>''' (O) '''<span style="color:orange">luy</span>''' (D) '''<span style="color:green">dedyit</span>''': ''<span style="color:red">Marce</span> <span style="color:green">gave</span>'' ''<span style="color:orange">him</span>'' ''<span style="color:blue">his own book</span>''
but if the object (or another part) of the sentence is followed by an identical dative possessive pronoun, it moves back before the object:
* '''<span style="color:red">Marce</span>''' (S) '''<span style="color:orange">luy</span>''' (D) '''<span style="color:blue">sô libelô luy</span>''' (O) '''<span style="color:green">dedyit</span>''': ''<span style="color:red">Marce</span> <span style="color:green">gave</span>'' ''<span style="color:orange">him</span>'' ''<span style="color:blue">his book</span>''
if the possessive pronoun is different the pronoun remains in the position before the verb:
* '''<span style="color:red">Marce</span>''' (S) '''<span style="color:blue">sô libelô luy</span>''' (O) '''<span style="color:orange">mi</span>''' (D) '''<span style="color:green">dedyit</span>''': ''<span style="color:red">Marce</span> <span style="color:green">gave</span>'' ''<span style="color:orange">me</span>'' ''<span style="color:blue">his book</span>''
===Nominal syntax===
Novelatine nouns do '''decline''', i.e. they change themselves (in this case they change their own endings), to show their syntactic role in the sentence.
If a noun has the role of the subject ('''''Marce''' ôvi pwelô am'', Mark loves that girl) it will show a definite ending, different from those used for other roles (''Avi pwela '''Marcô''' am'', That girl loves Mark; ''Eo sa pwela '''Marcyi''' sô'', I am the girl of Mark).
====Cases====
Novelatine has three cases: '''Nominative''', '''Genitive''' and '''Accusative'''
=====Nominative=====
The '''nominative case''' has the only but very important role of representing the sentence's '''''subject'''''. As it plays this primary role, it is the form we always find in dictionaries.
Contrary to English, the verb '''eser''' (''to be'') has no direct object, but its possible object is treated like an adjective to the subject, and it is declined in the nominative case:
* ''Eo '''se nove docês''' vob sô'': I am your new teacher
=====Accusative=====
The '''accusative case''' has the primary role of representing the sentence's '''''direct object'''''.
* '''''Sô novô docêtê''' nô vyidyist?'': Didn't you see the new teacher?
It is also used with various prepositions:
* '''côtre''': ''against''
* '''ê''': ''in, into'' (indicating motion)
* '''être/êfre''': ''among, between'' (indicating motion)
With the preposition '''ad''' it plays two roles:
* the ''indirect object''
* the preposition ''to, into'' (indicating motion)
* '''''Azô novô docêtê''' sô libelô mi dedyi'': I gave the new teacher my book/I gave my book to the new teacher.
=====Genitive=====
The '''genitive case''' has the primary role of representing '''''possession'''''.
* ''Se lewcyons '''sies novyi docêz''' facils sô'': The lessons of the new teacher are easy
It is also used with many prepositions:
* '''cô''': ''with''
* '''ad''': ''in, into'' (indicating state)
* '''ê''': ''in, into'' (indicating state)
* '''être/êfre''': ''among, between'' (indicating state)
With the preposition '''de''' it plays two roles:
* the preposition ''from'' (indicating motion)
* the preposition ''by'' (agent of the sentence)
A particular use of the genitive case is the '''absolute genitive'''. The absolute genitive is a syntactic construct which consists of a noun or pronoun and either a past participle, a present participle, an adjective, or an appositive noun, all in the genitive.
The genitive absolute indicates the time, condition, or attending circumstances of an action being described in the main sentence. It takes the place of, and translates, many phrases that would require a subordinate clause in English. However, the noun in the genitive case cannot recur in the same sentence, hence the name absolute, which means ''not related'', ''not linked''.
This construction is built with both present and past particles of every verb, even if the past participle of some intransitive verbs cannot be used. The present particle is used when the action is contemporary to the main clause, while the past participle is used when the action is in the past of the main clause:
* '''''Sies sols oryêz'', adiyim''': ''We left, when the sun was rising''/''We left at sunrise''
* '''''Syor documêterô vyiserô'', avyim decret''': ''After we saw the documents/As we saw the documents/Having seen the documents, we made a decision ''
==Lexycon==
* '''Aber''', ''ao'', ''avyi'', ''avute'', verb, II, ''to have'' (auxiliary)
* '''Acwa''', ''-arô'', noun, f., ''water''
* '''Adicyô''', ''-yonô'', noun, f., ''departure''
* '''Adyir''', ''adye'', ''adiyi'', ''adite'', verb, IV, ''to leave'', ''to depart''
* '''Amar''', ''ame'', ''amay'', ''amate'', verb, I, ''to love''
* '''Amica''', ''-arô'', noun, f., ''friend'' (only female)
* '''Amice''', ''-erô'', noun, m., ''friend'' (only male)
* '''Awr''', ''-ryô'', noun, f., ''ear''
* '''Awter''', ''-tra'', ''-trô'', adj., I, ''other''
* '''Awtomobiw''', ''-ilyô'', noun, f., ''car''
* '''Animaw''', ''-alyô'', noun, n., ''animal''
* '''Bone''', ''-a'', ''-ô'', adj., I, ''good''
* '''Can''', ''-nô'', noun, m., ''dog''
* '''Caner''', ''cane'', ''cecinyi'', ''cante'', verb, III, ''to sing''
* '''Capyir''', ''capye'', ''cepyi'', ''cawte'', verb, IVr, ''to take'', ''to catch''
* '''Casye''', ''-yerô'', noun, m., ''cheese''
* '''Cayder''', ''cayde'', ''cecyidyi'', ''cayse'', verb, III, ''to cut''
* '''Caysyô''', ''-yonô'', noun, f., ''cut''
* '''Ciwta''', ''-tadô'', noun, f., ''city''
* '''Cô''', prep., ''with'' + GEN.
* '''Cras''', adv, ''tomorrow''
* '''Creder''', ''crede'', ''cridyi'', ''credute'', verb, III, ''to believe''
* '''Cwav''', ''-vyô'', noun, f., ''key''
* '''Cwayrer''', ''cwayre'', ''cwaysyi'', ''cwaysyite'', verb, III, ''to ask (to know something)'', '''ad alchies''', ''to ask someone''
* '''Cwôd''', adv., ''when''
* '''Cyelô''', ''-lerô'', noun, n., ''sky''
* '''Dar''', ''do'', ''dedyi'', ''date'', verb, Ir, ''to give''
* '''Decerner''', ''decerne'', ''decreyi'', ''decrete'', verb, III, ''to decide''
* '''Decrecyô''', ''-yonô'', noun, f., ''decision''
* '''Dês''', ''dêtyô'', noun, n., ''tooth''
* '''Dicer''', ''dice'', ''dicsyi'', ''diwte'', verb, III, ''to say'', ''to tell''
* '''Docer''', ''docye'', ''docyi'', ''dowte'', verb, II, ''to teach''
* '''Docês''', ''-êtyô'', noun, m/f., ''teacher''
* '''Ducer''', ''duce'', ''ducsyi'', ''duwte'', verb, III, ''to lead'', ''to guide''
* '''Ecwesya''', ''-yarô'', noun, f., ''church''
* '''Ed''', part., ''and''
* '''Emer''', ''eme'', ''imyi'', ''êwte'', verb, III, ''to buy'', ''to purchase''
* '''Eseder''', ''esede'', ''esedyi'', ''eseste'', verb, III, ''to eat''
* '''Eser''', ''sô'', ''fuyi'', ''fute'', verb, -, ''to be''
* '''Ê''', part., ''in'' + GEN. (state)/ + ACC. (motion)
* '''Êgredyir''', ''êgredye'', ''êgresyi'', ''êgrese'', verb, IVr, ''to enter''
* '''Êgrese''', ''-wô'', noun, m., ''entry''
* '''Êgwê''', ''-inô'', noun, n., ''groin''
* '''Êsula''', ''-le'', noun, f., ''island''
* '''Êtêder''', ''êtêde'', ''êtêsyi'', ''êtêse'', verb, III, ''to understand''
* '''Êvenyir''', ''êvenye'', ''êvinyi'', ''êvête'', verb, IVr, ''to find'', ''to discover''
* '''Êwcyô''', ''-yonô'', noun, f., ''purchase''
* '''Facer''', ''facye'', ''fecyi'', ''fawte'', verb, III, ''to do'', ''to make''
* '''Fewi''', ''-cyô'', adj., II, ''happy''
* '''Fewicita''', ''-tadô'', noun, f., ''happyness''
* '''Formose''', ''-a'', ''-ô'', adj., I, ''beautiful''
* '''Flumê''', ''-inô'', noun, n., ''river''
* '''Gwera''', ''-arô'', noun, f., ''war''; '''ducer gwerô''', ''to go at war'' (côtre alcwê, ''against someone''); '''êdicer (sô) gwerô''', ''to declare war''
* '''Ida''', adv., ''so'', ''this way''
* '''La''', ''lawtô'', noun, n., ''milk''
* '''Leger''', ''lege'', ''legsyi'', ''lewte'', verb, III, ''to read''
* '''Lêgwa''', ''-warô'', noun, m., 1. ''tongue''; 2. ''language''
* '''Libelô''', ''-lerô'', noun, n., ''book''
* '''Locwer''', ''locwe'', ''locuyi'', ''locute'', verb, III, ''to speak''
* '''Lyiber''', ''-era'', ''-erô'', adj., I, ''free''
* '''Lyiberar''', ''-re'', ''-ray'', ''-rate'', verb, I, ''to set free''
* '''Lyiberta''', ''-tadô'', noun, f., ''freedom''
* '''Mader''', ''-drô'', noun, f., ''mother''
* '''Mawô''', ''-erô'', noun, n., ''evil''
* '''Mane''', ''-nwô'', noun, f., ''hand''
* '''Meridyô''', ''-yonô'', noun, m., ''south''
* '''Mesime''', ''-a'', ''-ô'', adj., I, ''same''
* '''Moryiri''', ''moryer'', ''mortwe sô'', verb, IV pas, ''to die''
* '''Nomê''', ''-minô'', noun, n., ''noun'', ''name''
* '''Nove''', ''-a'', ''-ô'', adj., I, ''new''
* '''Nô''', part., ''not'', ''no''
* '''Odôtoyatria''', noun, f., ''dentistry''
* '''Odôtoyatrice''', ''-a'', ''-ô'', adj., I,  ''relative to dentistry''
* '''Oracyô''', ''-yonô'', noun, f., ''pray''
* '''Orar''', ''ore'', ''oray'', ''orate'', verb, I, ''to pray''
* '''Os''', ''orô'', noun, n., ''mouth''
* '''Pader''', ''-drô'', noun, m., ''father''
* '''Pecar''', ''pece'', ''pecay'', ''pecate'', verb, I, ''to sin''
* '''Pecator''', ''-rô'', noun, m., ''sinner''
* '''Pe''', ''pedô'', noun, m., ''foot''
* '''Peder''', ''pede'', ''pedyi'', ''pedyite'', verb, III, ''to ask (to get something)'', '''ad alchies alcwo''', ''to ask someone for something''
* '''Pomô''', ''-merô'', noun, n., ''apple''
* '''Poser''', ''posô'', ''podiy'', ''podute'', verb, II, ''to can'', ''to be able''
* '''Pwela''', ''-lô'', noun, f., ''girl''
* '''Pwene''', ''-a'', ''-ô'', adj., I, ''full'' + GEN.
* '''Pwer''', ''-erô'', noun, m., ''boy''
* '''Re''', ''regô'', noun, m., ''king''
* '''Regnô''', ''-erô'', noun, n., ''kingdom''
* '''Rosa''', ''-sarô'', noun, m., ''rose''
* '''Rôper''', ''rôpe'', ''rupyi'', ''ruwte'', verb, III, ''to break''
* '''Ryider''', ''ryidye'', ''ryisyi'', ''ryise'', verb, IIr, ''to laugh'', ''to smile''
* '''Salutacyô''', ''-yonô'', noun, f., ''greeting''
* '''Salutar''', ''salute'', ''salutay'', ''salutate'', verb, I, ''to greet''
* '''Sed''', part., ''but''
* '''Scryiber''', ''scryibe'', ''scryipsyi'', ''scryiwte'', verb, III, ''to write''
* '''Serpês''', ''-êtyô'', noun, m., ''snake''
* '''Sewtêtryô''', ''-yonô'', noun, m., ''north''
* '''Sêpre''', adv, ''always''
* '''Sow''', ''solyô'', noun, m., ''sun'', ''the Sun''
* '''Sôwte''', ''-a'', ''-ô'', adj., I, ''saint''
* '''Sôwtificar''', ''-fice'', ''-ficay'', ''-ficate'', verb, I, ''to hollow'', ''to sanctify''
* '''Spewtar''', ''spewte'', ''spewtay'', ''spewtate'', verb, I, ''to look at'', ''to watch''
* '''Star''', ''sto'', ''stetyi'', ''state'', verb, Ir, ''to stay'', ''to stand'', ''to stand up'', ''to be''
* '''Têpe''', ''-perô'', noun, n., 1. ''time''; 2. ''tense''
* '''Tener''', ''tenye'', ''tinyi'', ''tête'', verb, II, ''to have'', ''to keep'', ''to own''
* '''Tode''', ''-a'', ''-ô'', adj., I, ''all''
* '''Vader''', ''vade'', ''vasyi'', ''vase'', verb, III, ''to go''
* '''Venyir''', ''venye'', ''vinyi'', ''vête'', verb, IVr, ''to come''
* '''Veter''', ''-tra'', ''-trô'', adj., I, ''old''
* '''Vidrô''', ''-erô'', noun, n., ''glass (substance)''
* '''Vider''', ''vidye'', ''vyidyi'', ''vyise'', verb, IIr, ''to see''
* '''Vyice''', ''-cerô'', noun, m., ''village''
* '''Vocar''', ''voce'', ''vocay'', ''vocate'', verb, I, ''to call''
* '''Voler''', ''volye'', ''volyi'', ''volute'', verb, II, ''to want'', ''to desire''
* '''Voluwta''', ''-adô'', noun, f., ''will''
* '''Yuvacyô''', ''-yonô'', noun, f., ''help''
* '''Yuvar''', ''yuve'', ''yuvay'', ''yuvate'', verb, I, ''to help''
==Texts==
===Lord's prayer===
* Pader nob, cwi ê sies cyelyi es,
* sô nomê ti sôwtificeter
* sô regnô ti venye
* sa voluwta ti faceter
* ida ê sies cyelyi, ida ê se tere
* ad nob sô panê cotyidyanô nob da
* ed ad nob sa debita nob dyimiti
* ida nos ad debitores nob dyimitim
* ed nos ê têtacyonê non êduces
* sed nos de sies malyi lyibera.
* amê.
===Hail Mary===
* Ave Maria, gracye pwena,
* se Domine tecô e
* benediwta êter mulyerô es
* ed benediwte se fruwte sies vêtris ti e, Jesus
* Sôwta Maria, mader Dyi
* or per nob, pecatorô
* nôc ed ê sies ore sies morz nob
* amê
==Sound changes from Latin==
These are the main sound changes that affected the Late Latin spoken in this area, which later became Novelatine. These sound change laws are usually respected, but sometimes there are other results, mainly because of '''analogy'''
Legend: C, any consonant; N, a nasal consonat (n, m); V, any vowel; the sign [:], a long vowel or consonant.
* i: → yi {{IPA|[ji]}}
* ct → wt
* pt → wt
* ClV → CwV but → ClV if V = u
* C: → C
* tiV → cyV {{IPA|[ʧj]}}
* CiV → CyV {{IPA|[j]}}, but not if [i] is stressed.
* eNC, iNC → ê {{IPA|[e◌̃]}}
* aNC, oNC, uNC → ô {{IPA|[o◌̃]}}
* eN_#, iN_# → ê {{IPA|[e◌̃]}}
* aN_#, oN_#, uN_# → ô {{IPA|[o◌̃]}}
* ae_# → e
* ae (stressed or in a syllable before the stressed one) → ay
* us_# → e

Latest revision as of 11:14, 30 November 2023

Proto-Piti

Root *liːloṕ-, to see

Indicative
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past
1s *liːloṕoł *loliːṕoł *ʔaliːloṕoł *ʔaloliːṕoł
2s *liːloṕer *loliːṕer *ʔaliːloṕer *ʔaloliːṕer
3s *liːloṕæt́ *loliːṕæt́ *ʔaliːloṕæt́ *ʔaloliːṕæt́
*liːloṕ *loliːṕ *ʔaliːloṕ *ʔaloliːṕ
1d *liːloṕiʔoł
*liːloṕołiʔ		 *loliːṕiʔoł
*loliːṕołiʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕiʔoł
*ʔaliːloṕołiʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕiʔoł
*ʔaloliːṕołiʔ
2d *liːloṕiʔer
*liːloṕeriʔ		 *loliːṕiʔer
*loliːṕeriʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕiʔer
*ʔaliːloṕeriʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕiʔer
*ʔaloliːṕeriʔ
3d *liːloṕiʔæt́
*liːloṕæt́iʔ		 *loliːṕiʔæt́
*loliːṕæt́iʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕiʔæt́
*ʔaliːloṕæt́iʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕiʔæt́
*ʔaloliːṕæt́iʔ
*liːloṕiʔ *loliːṕiʔ *ʔaliːloṕiʔ *ʔaloliːṕiʔ
1p *liːloṕonoł
*liːloṕołon		 *loliːṕonoł
*loliːṕołon		 *ʔaliːloṕonoł
*ʔaliːloṕołon		 *ʔaloliːṕonoł
*ʔaloliːṕołon
2p *liːloṕoner
*liːloṕeron		 *loliːṕoner
*loliːṕeron		 *ʔaliːloṕoner
*ʔaliːloṕeron		 *ʔaloliːṕoner
*ʔaloliːṕeron
3p *liːloṕonæt́
*liːloṕæt́on		 *loliːṕonæt́
*loliːṕæt́on		 *ʔaliːloṕonæt́
*ʔaliːloṕæt́on		 *ʔaloliːṕonæt́
*ʔaloliːṕæt́on
*liːloṕon *loliːṕon *ʔaliːloṕon *ʔaloliːṕon
Subjunctive
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past
1s *liːloṕiɳoł *loliːṕiɳoł *ʔaliːloṕiɳoł *ʔaloliːṕiɳoł
2s *liːloṕiɳer *loliːṕiɳer *ʔaliːloṕiɳer *ʔaloliːṕiɳer
3s *liːloṕiɳæt́ *loliːṕiɳæt́ *ʔaliːloṕiɳæt́ *ʔaloliːṕiɳæt́
*liːloṕiɳ *loliːṕiɳ *ʔaliːloṕiɳ *ʔaloliːṕiɳ
1d *liːloṕiɳiʔoł
*liːloṕiɳołiʔ		 *loliːṕiɳiʔoł
*loliːṕiɳołiʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕiɳiʔoł
*ʔaliːloṕiɳołiʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕiɳiʔoł
*ʔaloliːṕiɳołiʔ
2d *liːloṕiɳiʔer
*liːloṕiɳeriʔ		 *loliːṕiɳiʔer
*loliːṕiɳeriʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕiɳiʔer
*ʔaliːloṕiɳeriʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕiɳiʔer
*ʔaloliːṕiɳeriʔ
3d *liːloṕiɳiʔæt́
*liːloṕiɳæt́iʔ		 *loliːṕiɳiʔæt́
*loliːṕiɳæt́iʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕiɳiʔæt́
*ʔaliːloṕiɳæt́iʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕiɳiʔæt́
*ʔaloliːiɳæt́iʔ
*liːloṕiɳiʔ *loliːṕiɳiʔ *ʔaliːloṕiɳiʔ *ʔaloliːṕiɳiʔ
1p *liːloṕiɳonoł
*liːloṕiɳołon		 *loliːṕiɳonoł
*loliːṕiɳołon		 *ʔaliːloṕiɳonoł
*ʔaliːloṕiɳołon		 *ʔaloliːṕiɳonoł
*ʔaloliːṕiɳołon
2p *liːloṕiɳoner
*liːloṕeron		 *loliːṕiɳoner
*loliːṕeron		 *ʔaliːloṕiɳoner
*ʔaliːloṕiɳeron		 *ʔaloliːṕiɳoner
*ʔaloliːṕiɳeron
3p *liːloṕoniɳæt́
*liːloṕiɳæt́on		 *loliːṕiɳonæt́
*loliːṕiɳæt́on		 *ʔaliːloṕiɳonæt́
*ʔaliːloṕiɳæt́on		 *ʔaloliːṕiɳonæt́
*ʔaloliːṕiɳæt́on
*liːloṕiɳon *loliːṕiɳon *ʔaliːloṕiɳon *ʔaloliːṕiɳon
Optative
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past
1s *liːloṕoṕoł *loliːṕoṕoł *ʔaliːloṕoṕoł *ʔaloliːṕoṕoł
2s *liːloṕoṕer *loliːṕoṕer *ʔaliːloṕoṕer *ʔaloliːṕoṕer
3s *liːloṕoṕæt́ *loliːṕoṕæt́ *ʔaliːloṕoṕæt́ *ʔaloliːṕoṕæt́
*liːloṕoṕ *loliːṕoṕ *ʔaliːloṕoṕ *ʔaloliːṕoṕ
1d *liːloṕoṕiʔoł
*liːloṕoṕołiʔ		 *loliːṕoṕiʔoł
*loliːṕoṕołiʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕoṕiʔoł
*ʔaliːloṕoṕołiʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕoṕiʔoł
*ʔaloliːṕoṕołiʔ
2d *liːloṕoṕiʔer
*liːloṕoṕeriʔ		 *loliːṕoṕiʔer
*loliːṕoṕeriʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕoṕiʔer
*ʔaliːloṕoṕeriʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕoṕiʔer
*ʔaloliːṕoṕeriʔ
3d *liːloṕoṕiʔæt́
*liːloṕoṕæt́iʔ		 *loliːṕoṕiʔæt́
*loliːṕoṕæt́iʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕoṕiʔæt́
*ʔaliːloṕoṕæt́iʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕoṕiʔæt́
*ʔaloliːṕoṕæt́iʔ
*liːloṕoṕiʔ *loliːṕoṕiʔ *ʔaliːloṕoṕiʔ *ʔaloliːṕoṕiʔ
1p *liːloṕoṕonoł
*liːloṕoṕołon		 *loliːṕonoł
*loliːṕoṕołon		 *ʔaliːloṕoṕonoł
*ʔaliːloṕoṕołon		 *ʔaloliːṕoṕonoł
*ʔaloliːṕoṕołon
2p *liːloṕoṕoner
*liːloṕoṕeron		 *loliːṕoṕoner
*loliːṕoṕeron		 *ʔaliːloṕoṕoner
*ʔaliːloṕoṕeron		 *ʔaloliːṕoṕoner
*ʔaloliːṕoṕeron
3p *liːloṕoṕonæt́
*liːloṕoṕæt́on		 *loliːṕoṕonæt́
*loliːṕoṕæt́on		 *ʔaliːloṕoṕonæt́
*ʔaliːloṕoṕæt́on		 *ʔaloliːṕoṕonæt́
*ʔaloliːṕoṕæt́on
*liːloṕoṕon *loliːṕoṕon *ʔaliːloṕoṕon *ʔaloliːṕoṕon
Potential
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past
1s *liːloṕæʈoł *loliːṕæʈoł *ʔaliːloṕæʈoł *ʔaloliːṕæʈoł
2s *liːloṕæʈer *loliːṕæʈer *ʔaliːloṕæʈer *ʔaloliːṕæʈer
3s *liːloṕæʈæt́ *loliːṕæʈæt́ *ʔaliːloṕæʈæt́ *ʔaloliːṕæʈæt́
*liːloṕæʈ *loliːṕæʈ *ʔaliːloṕæʈ *ʔaloliːṕæʈ
1d *liːloṕæʈiʔoł
*liːloṕæʈołiʔ		 *loliːṕæʈiʔoł
*loliːṕæʈołiʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕæʈiʔoł
*ʔaliːloṕæʈołiʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕæʈiʔoł
*ʔaloliːṕæʈołiʔ
2d *liːloṕæʈiʔer
*liːloṕæʈeriʔ		 *loliːṕæʈiʔer
*loliːṕæʈeriʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕæʈiʔer
*ʔaliːloṕæʈeriʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕæʈiʔer
*ʔaloliːṕæʈeriʔ
3d *liːloṕæʈiʔæt́
*liːloṕæʈæt́iʔ		 *loliːṕæʈiʔæt́
*loliːṕæʈæt́iʔ		 *ʔaliːloṕæʈiʔæt́
*ʔaliːloṕæʈæt́iʔ		 *ʔaloliːṕæʈiʔæt́
*ʔaloliːṕæʈæt́iʔ
*liːloṕæʈiʔ *loliːṕæʈiʔ *ʔaliːloṕæʈiʔ *ʔaloliːṕæʈiʔ
1p *liːloṕæʈonoł
*liːloṕæʈołon		 *loliːṕæʈonoł
*loliːṕæʈołon		 *ʔaliːloṕæʈonoł
*ʔaliːloṕæʈołon		 *ʔaloliːṕæʈonoł
*ʔaloliːṕæʈołon
2p *liːloṕæʈoner
*liːloṕæʈeron		 *loliːṕæʈoner
*loliːṕæʈeron		 *ʔaliːloṕæʈoner
*ʔaliːloṕæʈeron		 *ʔaloliːṕæʈoner
*ʔaloliːṕæʈeron
3p *liːloṕonæʈæt́
*liːloṕæʈæt́on		 *loliːṕæʈonæt́
*loliːṕæʈæt́on		 *ʔaliːloṕæʈonæt́
*ʔaliːloṕæʈæt́on		 *ʔaloliːṕæʈonæt́
*ʔaloliːṕæʈæt́on
*liːloṕæʈon *loliːṕæʈon *ʔaliːloṕæʈon *ʔaloliːṕæʈon
Indefinite moods
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past
Infinite1 *liːloṕæme *loliːṕæme *ʔaliːloṕæme *ʔaloliːṕæme
Infinite2 *liːloṕika *loliːṕika *ʔaliːloṕika *ʔaloliːṕika
Active participle *liːloṕiːto *loliːṕiːto *ʔaliːloṕiːto *ʔaloliːṕiːto
Passive participle *liːloṕuki *loliːṕuki *ʔaliːloṕuki *ʔaloliːṕuki


Kī́rtako

Verb lī́lopɑme, to see

Indicative
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past
1s lī́lopow lolī́pow ʔalī́lopow ʔalolī́pow
2s lī́loper lolī́per ʔalī́loper ʔalolī́per
3s lī́lopɑt lolī́pɑt ʔalī́lopɑt ʔalolī́pɑt
3s lī́lop lolī́p ʔalī́lop ʔalolī́p
1p lī́loponow lolī́ponow ʔalī́loponow ʔalolī́ponow
2p lī́loponer lolī́poner ʔalī́loponer ʔalolī́poner
3p lī́loponɑt lolī́ponɑt ʔalī́loponɑt ʔalolī́ponɑt
3p lī́lopon lolī́pon ʔalī́lopon ʔalolī́pon


Subjunctive
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past
1s lī́lopiñow lolī́piñow ʔalī́lopiñow ʔalolī́piñow
2s lī́lopiñer lolī́piñer ʔalī́lopiñer ʔalolī́piñer
3s lī́lopiñɑt lolī́piñɑt ʔalī́lopiñɑt ʔalolī́piñɑt
3s lī́lopiñ lolī́piñ ʔalī́lopiñ ʔalolī́piñ
1p lī́lopiñonow lolī́piñonow ʔalī́lopiñonow ʔalolī́piñonow
2p lī́lopiñoner lolī́piñoner ʔalī́lopiñoner ʔalolī́piñoner
3p lī́loponɑt lolī́ponɑt ʔalī́lopiñonɑt ʔalolī́piñonɑt
3p lī́lopiñon lolī́piñon ʔalī́lopiñon ʔalolī́piñon


Conditional
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past
1s lī́lopɑtsow lolī́pɑtsow ʔalī́lopɑtsow ʔalolī́pɑtsow
2s lī́lopɑtser lolī́pɑtser ʔalī́lopɑtser ʔalolī́pɑtser
3s lī́lopɑtsɑt lolī́pɑtsɑt ʔalī́lopɑtsɑt ʔalolī́pɑtsɑt
3s lī́lopɑts lolī́pɑts ʔalī́lopɑts ʔalolī́pɑts
1p lī́lopɑtsonow lolī́pɑtsonow ʔalī́lopɑtsonow ʔalolī́pɑtsonow
2p lī́lopɑtsoner lolī́pɑtsoner ʔalī́lopɑtsoner ʔalolī́pɑtsoner
3p lī́lopɑtsonɑt lolī́pɑtsonɑt ʔalī́lopɑtsonɑt ʔalolī́pɑtsonɑt
3p lī́lopɑtson lolī́pɑtson ʔalī́lopɑtson ʔalolī́pɑtson


Infinitive
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past
Indicative lī́lopɑme lolī́pɑme ʔalī́lopɑme ʔalolī́pɑme
Subjunctive lī́lopiñɑme lolī́piñɑme ʔalī́lopiñɑme ʔalolī́piñɑme
Conditional lī́lopɑtsɑme lolī́pɑtsɑme ʔalī́lopɑtsɑme ʔalolī́pɑtsɑme


Agentive participle
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past
Indicative lī́lopī́to lolī́pī́to ʔalī́lopī́to ʔalolī́pī́to
Subjunctive lī́lopiñī́to lolī́piñī́to ʔalī́lopiñī́to ʔalolī́piñī́to
Conditional lī́lopɑtsī́to lolī́pɑtsī́to ʔalī́lopɑtsī́to ʔalolī́pɑtsī́to


Passive participle
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past
Indicative lī́lopuki lolī́puki ʔalī́lopuki ʔalolī́puki
Subjunctive lī́lopiñuki lolī́piñuki ʔalī́lopiñuki ʔalolī́piñuki
Conditional lī́lopɑtsuki lolī́pɑtsuki ʔalī́lopɑtsuki ʔalolī́pɑtsuki

Iðâɣ

Verb lîβam, to see

Indicative
Active
Present Imperfect Past Past perfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s lîβò êβò tòrò êβíðə áðòrò êβíðə kiɣò lîβam kiɣò êβam áɣiɣò lîβam
2s lîβəh êβəh tôh êβíðə áðôh êβíðə kîh lîβam kîh êβam áɣîh lîβam
3s lîp êp tòr êβíðə áðòr êβíðə kìɣ lîβam kìɣ êβam áɣìɣ lîβam
1p lîβonò êβonò tòrô êβíðə áðòrô êβíðə kiɣô lîβam kiɣô êβam áɣiɣô lîβam
2p lîβonəh êβonəh tòrôh êβíðə áðòrôh êβíðə kiɣôh lîβam kiɣôh êβam áɣiɣôh lîβam
3p lîβon êβon tôr êβíðə áðôr êβíðə kîɣ lîβam kîɣ êβam áɣîɣ lîβam


Indicative
Passive
Present Imperfect Past Past perfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s kiɣò lîβuɣi áɣiɣò lîβuɣi kiɣò êβuɣi áɣiɣò êβuɣi kiɣò kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣò kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣò kiɣam êβuɣi
2s kîh lîβuɣi áɣîh lîβuɣi kîh êβuɣi áɣîh êβuɣi kîh kiɣam lîβuɣi kîh kiɣam êβuɣi áɣîh kiɣam êβuɣi
3s kìɣ lîβuɣi áɣìɣ lîβuɣi kìɣ êβuɣi áɣìɣ êβuɣi kìɣ kiɣam lîβuɣi kìɣ kiɣam êβuɣi áɣìɣ kiɣam êβuɣi
1p kiɣô lîβuɣi áɣiɣô lîβuɣi kiɣô êβuɣi áɣiɣô êβuɣi kiɣô kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣô kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣô kiɣam êβuɣi
2p kiɣôh lîβuɣi áɣiɣôh lîβuɣi kiɣôh êβuɣi áɣiɣôh êβuɣi kiɣôh kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣôh kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣôh kiɣam êβuɣi
3s kîɣ lîβuɣi áɣîɣ lîβuɣi kîɣ êβuɣi áɣîɣ êβuɣi kîɣ kiɣam lîβuɣi kîɣ kiɣam êβuɣi áɣîɣ kiɣam êβuɣi


Subjunctive
Active
Present Imperfect Past Past perfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s lîβinò êβinò tìnò êβíðə áðìnò êβíðə kiɣinò lîβam kiɣinò êβam áɣiɣinò lîβam
2s lîβinəh êβinəh tìnəh êβíðə áðìnəh êβíðə kinîh lîβam kinîh êβam áɣinîh lîβam
3s lîβin êβin tìn êβíðə áðìn êβíðə kìɣin lîβam kìɣin êβam áɣìɣin lîβam
1p lîβinonò êβinonò tìnô êβíðə áðìnô êβíðə kiɣinô lîβam kiɣinô êβam áɣiɣinô lîβam
2p lîβinonəh êβinonəh tìnôh êβíðə áðìnôh êβíðə kiɣinôh lîβam kiɣinôh êβam áɣiɣinôh lîβam
3p lîβinon êβinon tîn êβíðə áðîn êβíðə kîɣin lîβam kîɣin êβam áɣîɣin lîβam


Subjunctive
Passive
Present Imperfect Past Past perfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s kiɣinò lîβuɣi áɣiɣinò lîβuɣi kiɣinò êβuɣi áɣiɣinò êβuɣi kiɣinò kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣinò kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣinò kiɣam êβuɣi
2s kinîh lîβuɣi áɣinîh lîβuɣi kinîh êβuɣi áɣinîh êβuɣi kinîh kiɣam lîβuɣi kinîh kiɣam êβuɣi áɣinîh kiɣam êβuɣi
3s kìɣin lîβuɣi áɣìɣin lîβuɣi kìɣin êβuɣi áɣìɣin êβuɣi kìɣin kiɣam lîβuɣi kìɣin kiɣam êβuɣi áɣìɣin kiɣam êβuɣi
1p kiɣinô lîβuɣi áɣiɣinô lîβuɣi kiɣinô êβuɣi áɣiɣinô êβuɣi kiɣinô kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣinô kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣinô kiɣam êβuɣi
2p kiɣinôh lîβuɣi áɣiɣinôh lîβuɣi kiɣinôh êβuɣi áɣiɣinôh êβuɣi kiɣinôh kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣinôh kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣinôh kiɣam êβuɣi
3s kîɣin lîβuɣi áɣîɣin lîβuɣi kîɣin êβuɣi áɣîɣin êβuɣi kîɣin kiɣam lîβuɣi kîɣin kiɣam êβuɣi áɣîɣin kiɣam êβuɣi


Conditional
Active
Present Imperfect Past Past perfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s lîβasò êβasò tàsò êβíðə áðàsò êβíðə kiɣasò lîβam kiɣasò êβam áɣiɣasò lîβam
2s lîβasəh êβasəh tàsəh êβíðə áðàsəh êβíðə kjâh lîβam kjâh êβam áɣjâh lîβam
3s lîβas êβas tàs êβíðə áðàs êβíðə kjàɣ lîβam kjàɣ êβam áɣjàɣ lîβam
1p lîβasonò êβasonò tàsô êβíðə áðàsô êβíðə kiɣasô lîβam kiɣasô êβam áɣiɣasô lîβam
2p lîβasonəh êβasonəh tàsôh êβíðə áðàsôh êβíðə kiɣasôh lîβam kiɣasôh êβam áɣiɣasôh lîβam
3p lîβason êβason tâs êβíðə áðâs êβíðə kjâɣ lîβam kjâɣ êβam áɣjâɣ lîβam


Conditional
Passive
Present Imperfect Past Past perfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s kiɣasò lîβuɣi áɣiɣasò lîβuɣi kiɣasò êβuɣi áɣiɣasò êβuɣi kiɣasò kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣasò kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣasò kiɣam êβuɣi
2s kjâh lîβuɣi áɣjâh lîβuɣi kjâh êβuɣi áɣjâh êβuɣi kjâh kiɣam lîβuɣi kjâh kiɣam êβuɣi áɣjâh kiɣam êβuɣi
3s kjàɣ lîβuɣi áɣjàɣ lîβuɣi kjàɣ êβuɣi áɣjàɣ êβuɣi kjàɣ kiɣam lîβuɣi kjàɣ kiɣam êβuɣi áɣjàɣ kiɣam êβuɣi
1p kiɣasô lîβuɣi áɣiɣasô lîβuɣi kiɣasô êβuɣi áɣiɣasô êβuɣi kiɣasô kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣasô kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣasô kiɣam êβuɣi
2p kiɣasôh lîβuɣi áɣiɣasôh lîβuɣi kiɣasôh êβuɣi áɣiɣasôh êβuɣi kiɣasôh kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣasôh kiɣam êβuɣi áɣiɣasôh kiɣam êβuɣi
3s kjâɣ lîβuɣi áɣjâɣ lîβuɣi kjâɣ êβuɣi áɣjâɣ êβuɣi kjâɣ kiɣam lîβuɣi kjâɣ kiɣam êβuɣi áɣjâɣ kiɣam êβuɣi


Infinite
Active
Present Past
Indicative lîβam êβam
Subjunctive lîβinam êβinam
Conditional lîβasam êβasam


Infinite
Passive
Present Past
Indicative kiɣam lîβuɣi kiɣam êβuɣi
Subjunctive kiɣinam lîβuɣi kiɣinam êβuɣi
Conditional kiɣasam lîβuɣi kiɣasam êβuɣi


Participles
Present Past
Active lîβíðə êβíðə
Passive lîβuɣi êβuɣi

Læntixu

Verb ʎiloɸæm‘, to see

Indicative
Present Continous present Past Continuous past Past perfect Future 1 Future 2 Future Perfect
1s ʎiloɸof owf ʎiloɸjiθu owf loʎiɸjiθu iwf ʎiloɸjiθu iwf loʎiɸjiθu gjixof ʎiloɸiñæm‘ jimof ʎiloɸiñæm‘ emof ʎiloɸiñæm‘
2s-3s ʎiloɸæh ojh ʎiloɸjiθu ojh loʎiɸjiθu joh ʎiloɸjiθu joh loʎiɸjiθu gjixæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘ jimæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘ emæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘
1p ʎiloɸonof onof ʎiloɸjiθu onof loʎiɸjiθu inof ʎiloɸjiθu inof loʎiɸjiθu gjixonof ʎiloɸiñæm‘ jimonof ʎiloɸiñæm‘ emonof ʎiloɸiñæm‘
2p-3p ʎiloɸonæh onæh ʎiloɸjiθu onæh loʎiɸjiθu inæh ʎiloɸjiθu inæh loʎiɸjiθu gjixonæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘ jimonæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘ emonæh ʎiloɸiñæm‘


Subjunctive
Present Past Past perfect
1s ʎiloɸiñof ojñof loʎiɸjiθu ijñof loʎiɸjiθu
2s-3s ʎiloɸiñæh ojñæh loʎiɸjiθu ijñæh loʎiɸjiθu
1s ʎiloɸiñonof ojñonof loʎiɸjiθu ijñonof loʎiɸjiθu
2s-3s ʎiloɸiñonæh ojñonæh loʎiɸjiθu ijñonæh loʎiɸjiθu


Conditional
Present Continuous present Past
1s ʎiloɸæsof ojsof ʎiloɸjiθu ojsof loʎiɸjiθu
2s-3s ʎiloɸæsæh ojsæh ʎiloɸjiθu ojsæh loʎiɸjiθu
1s ʎiloɸæsonof ojsonof ʎiloɸjiθu ojsonof loʎiɸjiθu
2s-3s ʎiloɸæsonæh ojsonæh ʎiloɸjiθu ojsonæh loʎiɸjiθu


Infinite
Active
Present Past
Indicative ʎiloɸæm‘ ojæm‘ loʎiɸjiθu
Subjunctive ʎiloɸiñæm‘ ojñæm‘ loʎiɸjiθu


Participles
Present Past
Active ʎiloɸjiθu loʎiɸjiθu
Passive ʎiloɸux‘ loʎiɸux‘

Ancient Figo

Verb līločem, to see

Indicative
Present Past Perfect Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect
1s līločow alolīčow līločagow alolīčagow līločiga imēhow alolīčiga imēhow
2s līločər alolīčər līločagər alolīčagər līločiga imēhər alolīčiga imēhər
3s līločeš alolīčeš līločageš alolīčageš līločiga imēheš alolīčiga imēheš
3s līloč alolīč līločag alolīčag līločiga imēh alolīčiga imēh
1d līločohi alolīčohi līločagohi alolīčagohi līločiga imēhohi alolīčiga imēhohi
2d līločəri alolīčəri līločagəri alolīčagəri līločiga imēhəri alolīčiga imēhəri
3d līločeši alolīčeši līločageši alolīčageši līločiga imēheši alolīčiga imēheši
3d līloči alolīči līločagi alolīčagi līločiga imēhi alolīčiga imēhi
1p līločohon alolīčohon līločagohon alolīčagohon līločiga imēhohon alolīčiga imēhohon
2p līločəron alolīčəron līločagəron alolīčagəron līločiga imēhəron alolīčiga imēhəron
3p līločešon alolīčešon līločagešon alolīčagešon līločiga imēhešon alolīčiga imēhešon
3p līločon alolīčon līločagon alolīčagon līločiga imēhon alolīčiga imēhon


Subjunctive
Present Past Perfect Plusquamperfect
1s līločočow alolīčočow līločočagow alolīčočagow
2s līločočər alolīčočər līločočagər alolīčočagər
3s līločočeš alolīčočeš līločočageš alolīčočageš
3s līločoč alolīčoč līločočag alolīčočag
1d līločočohi alolīčočohi līločočagohi alolīčočagohi
2d līločočəri alolīčočəri līločočagəri alolīčočagəri
3d līločočeši alolīčočeši līločočageši alolīčočageši
3d līločoči alolīčoči līločočagi alolīčočagi
1p līločočohon alolīčočohon līločočagohon alolīčočagohon
2p līločočəron alolīčočəron līločočagəron alolīčočagəron
3p līločočešon alolīčočešon līločočagešon alolīčočagešon
3p līločočon alolīčočon līločočagon alolīčočagon


Potential
Present Past Perfect Plusquamperfect
1s līločečow alolīčečow līločočagow alolīčočagow
2s līločečər alolīčečər līločečagər alolīčečagər
3s līločečeš alolīčečeš līločečageš alolīčečageš
3s līločeč alolīčeč līločečag alolīčečag
1d līločečohi alolīčečohi līločečagohi alolīčečagohi
2d līločočəri alolīčočəri līločočagəri alolīčočagəri
3d līločečeši alolīčečeši līločečageši alolīčečageši
3d līločeči alolīčeči līločočagi alolīčočagi
1p līločečohon alolīčečohon līločečagohon alolīčečagohon
2p līločečəron alolīčečəron līločečagəron alolīčečagəron
3p līločečešon alolīčečešon līločečagešon alolīčečagešon
3p līločečon alolīčečon līločečagon alolīčečagon


Indefinite
Present Past
Primary
Infinite		 līločem alolīčem
Secondary
Infinite		 līločiga alolīčiga
Agentive
Participle		 līločīdu alolīčīdu
Passive
Participle		 līločugi alolīčugi

Modern Figo

Verb řirušjid, to see

Participles
Active
Passive
Present řirušjid řirušug
Past aruřišjid aruřišug


Indicative
Present
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s řirušjid wẽv řirušjid wĩvs řirušug wẽv řirušug wĩvs
2s řirušjid wẽr řirušjid wĩrs řirušug wẽr řirušug wĩrs
3s řirušjid wẽh řirušjid wĩs řirušug wẽh řirušug wĩs
1p řirušjidũ wẽnõ řirušjidũ wĩns řirušuɣĩ wẽnõ řirušuɣĩ wĩns
2p řirušjidũ wẽrõ řirušjidũ wĩrõs řirušuɣĩ wẽrõ řirušuɣĩ wĩrõs
3p řirušjidũ wẽžõ řirušjidũ wĩžõs řirušuɣĩ wẽžõ řirušuɣĩ wĩžõs


Indicative
Past
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s řirušjid jẽv řirušjid jĩvs řirušug jẽv řirušug jĩvs
2s řirušjid jẽr řirušjid jĩrs řirušug jẽr řirušug jĩrs
3s řirušjid jẽh řirušjid jĩs řirušug jẽh řirušug jĩs
1p řirušjidũ jẽnõ řirušjidũ jĩns řirušuɣĩ jẽnõ řirušuɣĩ jĩns
2p řirušjidũ jẽrõ řirušjidũ jĩrõs řirušuɣĩ jẽrõ řirušuɣĩ jĩrõs
3p řirušjidũ jẽžõ řirušjidũ jĩžõs řirušuɣĩ jẽžõ řirušuɣĩ jĩžõs


Indicative
Imperfect
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s aruřišjid wẽv aruřišjid wĩvs aruřišug wẽv aruřišug wĩvs
2s aruřišjid wẽr aruřišjid wĩrs aruřišug wẽr aruřišug wĩrs
3s aruřišjid wẽh aruřišjid wĩs aruřišug wẽh aruřišug wĩs
1p aruřišjidũ wẽnõ aruřišjidũ wĩns aruřišuɣĩ wẽnõ aruřišuɣĩ wĩns
2p aruřišjidũ wẽrõ aruřišjidũ wĩrõs aruřišuɣĩ wẽrõ aruřišuɣĩ wĩrõs
3p aruřišjidũ wẽžõ aruřišjidũ wĩžõs aruřišuɣĩ wẽžõ aruřišuɣĩ wĩžõs


Indicative
Past perfect
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s aruřišjid jẽv aruřišjid jĩvs aruřišug jẽv aruřišug jĩvs
2s aruřišjid jẽr aruřišjid jĩrs aruřišug jẽr aruřišug jĩrs
3s aruřišjid jẽh aruřišjid jĩs aruřišug jẽh aruřišug jĩs
1p aruřišjidũ jẽnõ aruřišjidũ jĩns aruřišuɣĩ jẽnõ aruřišuɣĩ jĩns
2p aruřišjidũ jẽrõ aruřišjidũ jĩrõs aruřišuɣĩ jẽrõ aruřišuɣĩ jĩrõs
3p aruřišjidũ jẽžõ aruřišjidũ jĩžõs aruřišuɣĩ jẽžõ aruřišuɣĩ jĩžõs


Indicative
Future
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s řirušjid mjov řirušjid mjuvs řirušug mjov řirušug mjuvs
2s řirušjid mjer řirušjid mjirs řirušug mjer řirušug mjirs
3s řirušjid mješ řirušjid mjiš řirušug mješ řirušug mjiš
1p řirušjidũ mjõ řirušjidũ mjũs řirušuɣĩ mjõ řirušuɣĩ mjũs
2p řirušjidũ mjerõ řirušjidũ mjirũs řirušuɣĩ mjerõ řirušuɣĩ mjirũs
3p řirušjidũ mježõ řirušjidũ mjižũs řirušuɣĩ mježõ řirušuɣĩ mjižũs


Indicative
Anterior future
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s řirušjid imjov řirušjid imjuvs řirušug imjov řirušug imjuvs
2s řirušjid imir řirušjid imirs řirušug imir řirušug imirs
3s řirušjid imeš řirušjid imiš řirušug imeš řirušug imiš
1p řirušjidũ imjõ řirušjidũ imjũs řirušuɣĩ imjõ řirušuɣĩ imjũs
2p řirušjidũ imirõ řirušjidũ imirũs řirušuɣĩ imirõ řirušuɣĩ imirũs
3p řirušjidũ imižõ řirušjidũ imižũs řirušuɣĩ imižõ řirušuɣĩ imižũs


Indicative
Future in the past
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s aruřišjid imjov aruřišjid imjuvs aruřišug imjov aruřišug imjuvs
2s aruřišjid imir aruřišjid imirs aruřišug imir aruřišug imirs
3s aruřišjid imeš aruřišjid imiš aruřišug imeš aruřišug imiš
1p aruřišjidũ imjõ aruřišjidũ imjũs aruřišuɣĩ imjõ aruřišuɣĩ imjũs
2p aruřišjidũ imirõ aruřišjidũ imirũs aruřišuɣĩ imirõ aruřišuɣĩ imirũs
3p aruřišjidũ imižõ aruřišjidũ imižũs aruřišuɣĩ imižõ aruřišuɣĩ imižũs


Subjunctive
Present
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s řirušjid wũšev řirušjid wũšĩvs řirušug wũšev řirušug wũšĩvs
2s řirušjid wũšr řirušjid wũšris řirušug wũšr řirušug wũšris
3s řirušjid wũš řirušjid wũšis řirušug wũš řirušug wũšis
1p řirušjidũ wũšõ řirušjidũ wũšũs řirušuɣĩ wũšõ řirušuɣĩ wũšũs
2p řirušjidũ wũšrõ řirušjidũ wũšrũs řirušuɣĩ wũšrõ řirušuɣĩ wũšrũs
3p řirušjidũ wũžõ řirušjidũ wũžũs řirušuɣĩ wũžõ řirušuɣĩ wũžũs


Subjunctive
Past
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s řirušjid jũšev řirušjid jũšĩvs řirušug jũšev řirušug jũšĩvs
2s řirušjid jũšr řirušjid jũšris řirušug jũšr řirušug jũšris
3s řirušjid jũš řirušjid jũšis řirušug jũš řirušug jũšis
1p řirušjidũ jũšõ řirušjidũ jũšũs řirušuɣĩ jũšõ řirušuɣĩ jũšũs
2p řirušjidũ jũšrõ řirušjidũ jũšrũs řirušuɣĩ jũšrõ řirušuɣĩ jũšrũs
3p řirušjidũ jũžõ řirušjidũ jũžũs řirušuɣĩ jũžõ řirušuɣĩ jũžũs


Subjunctive
Imperfect
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s aruřišjid wũšev aruřišjid wũšĩvs aruřišug wũšev aruřišug wũšĩvs
2s aruřišjid wũšr aruřišjid wũšris aruřišug wũšr aruřišug wũšris
3s aruřišjid wũš aruřišjid wũšis aruřišug wũš aruřišug wũšis
1p aruřišjidũ wũšõ aruřišjidũ wũšũs aruřišuɣĩ wũšõ aruřišuɣĩ wũšũs
2p aruřišjidũ wũšrõ aruřišjidũ wũšrũs aruřišuɣĩ wũšrõ aruřišuɣĩ wũšrũs
3p aruřišjidũ wũžõ aruřišjidũ wũžũs aruřišuɣĩ wũžõ aruřišuɣĩ wũžũs


Subjunctive
Past perfect
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s aruřišjid jũšev aruřišjid jũšĩvs aruřišug jũšev aruřišug jũšĩvs
2s aruřišjid jũšr aruřišjid jũšris aruřišug jũšr aruřišug jũšris
3s aruřišjid jũš aruřišjid jũšis aruřišug jũš aruřišug jũšis
1p aruřišjidũ jũšõ aruřišjidũ jũšũs aruřišuɣĩ jũšõ aruřišuɣĩ jũšũs
2p aruřišjidũ jũšrõ aruřišjidũ jũšrũs aruřišuɣĩ jũšrõ aruřišuɣĩ jũšrũs
3p aruřišjidũ jũžõ aruřišjidũ jũžũs aruřišuɣĩ jũžõ aruřišuɣĩ jũžũs


Conditional
Present
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s řirušjid wĩšev řirušjid wĩšivs řirušug wĩšev řirušug wĩšivs
2s řirušjid wĩšr řirušjid wĩšris řirušug wĩšr řirušug wĩšris
3s řirušjid wĩh řirušjid wĩs řirušug wĩh řirušug wĩs
1p řirušjidũ wĩšõ řirušjidũ wĩšũs řirušuɣĩ wĩšõ řirušuɣĩ wĩšũs
2p řirušjidũ wĩšrõ řirušjidũ wĩšrũs řirušuɣĩ wĩšrõ řirušuɣĩ wĩšrũs
3p řirušjidũ wĩžõ řirušjidũ wĩžũs řirušuɣĩ wĩžõ řirušuɣĩ wĩžũs


Conditional
Past
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s řirušjid jĩšev řirušjid jĩšivs řirušug jĩšev řirušug jĩšivs
2s řirušjid jĩšr řirušjid jĩšris řirušug jĩšr řirušug jĩšris
3s řirušjid jĩh řirušjid jĩs řirušug jĩh řirušug jĩs
1p řirušjidũ jĩšõ řirušjidũ jĩšũs řirušuɣĩ jĩšõ řirušuɣĩ jĩšũs
2p řirušjidũ jĩšrõ řirušjidũ jĩšrũs řirušuɣĩ jĩšrõ řirušuɣĩ jĩšrũs
3p řirušjidũ jĩžõ řirušjidũ jĩžũs řirušuɣĩ jĩžõ řirušuɣĩ jĩžũs


Conditional
Imperfect
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s aruřišjid wĩšev aruřišjid wĩšivs aruřišug wĩšev aruřišug wĩšivs
2s aruřišjid wĩšr aruřišjid wĩšris aruřišug wĩšr aruřišug wĩšris
3s aruřišjid wĩh aruřišjid wĩs aruřišug wĩh aruřišug wĩs
1p aruřišjidũ wĩšõ aruřišjidũ wĩšũs aruřišuɣĩ wĩšõ aruřišuɣĩ wĩšũs
2p aruřišjidũ wĩšrõ aruřišjidũ wĩšrũs aruřišuɣĩ wĩšrõ aruřišuɣĩ wĩšrũs
3p aruřišjidũ wĩžõ aruřišjidũ wĩžũs aruřišuɣĩ wĩžõ aruřišuɣĩ wĩžũs


Conditional
Past perfect
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s aruřišjid jĩšev aruřišjid jĩšivs aruřišug jĩšev aruřišug jĩšivs
2s aruřišjid jĩšr aruřišjid jĩšris aruřišug jĩšr aruřišug jĩšris
3s aruřišjid jĩh aruřišjid jĩs aruřišug jĩh aruřišug jĩs
1p aruřišjidũ jĩšõ aruřišjidũ jĩšũs aruřišuɣĩ jĩšõ aruřišuɣĩ jĩšũs
2p aruřišjidũ jĩšrõ aruřišjidũ jĩšrũs aruřišuɣĩ jĩšrõ aruřišuɣĩ jĩšrũs
3p aruřišjidũ jĩžõ aruřišjidũ jĩžũs aruřišuɣĩ jĩžõ aruřišuɣĩ jĩžũs


Resultative
Active
Passive
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
1s ruřišaža wẽv ruřišaža wĩvs - -
2s ruřišaža wẽr ruřišaža wĩrs - -
3s ruřišaža wẽh ruřišaža wĩs - -
1p ruřišaža wẽnõ ruřišaža wĩns - -
2p ruřišaža wẽrõ ruřišaža wĩrõs - -
3p ruřišaža wẽžõ ruřišaža wĩžõs - -

Biwdiw

Verb līlušiwgɛ, to see

Indicative
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past Imperfective future Resultative perfect Resultative plusquamperfect
1s līlušū lulīšū hɛlīlušū hɛlulīšū çɛňū līlušiwgɛ çɛňū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2s līlušir lulīšir hɛlīlušir hɛlulīšir çɛňir līlušiwgɛ çɛňir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3s līlušɛc lulīšɛc hɛlīlušɛc hɛlulīšɛc çɛňɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3s līluš lulīš hɛlīluš hɛlulīš çɛň līlušiwgɛ çɛň hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛň hɛlulīšiwgɛ
1d līlušiwhū lulīšiwhū hɛlīlušiwhū hɛlulīšiwhū çɛňiwhū līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2d līlušiwhir lulīšiwhir hɛlīlušiwhir hɛlulīšiwhir çɛňiwhir līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3d līlušiwcɛc lulīšiwcɛc hɛlīlušiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwcɛc çɛňiwcɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3d līlušiwh lulīšiwh hɛlīlušiwh hɛlulīšiwh çɛňiwh līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ
1p līlušunū lulīšunū hɛlīlušunū hɛlulīšunū çɛňunū līlušiwgɛ çɛňunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2p līlušunir lulīšunir hɛlīlušunir hɛlulīšunir çɛňunir līlušiwgɛ çɛňunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3p līlušunjɛc lulīšunjɛc hɛlīlušunjɛc hɛlulīšunjɛc çɛňunjɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3p līlušun lulīšun hɛlīlušun hɛlulīšun çɛňun līlušiwgɛ çɛňun hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňun hɛlulīšiwgɛ


Subjunctive
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past Imperfective future Resultative perfect Resultative plusquamperfect
1s līlušiwňū lulīšiwňū hɛlīlušiwňū hɛlulīšiwňū çɛňiwňū līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwňū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2s līlušiwňir lulīšiwňir hɛlīlušiwňir hɛlulīšiwňir çɛňiwňir līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwňir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3s līlušiwňɛc lulīšiwňɛc hɛlīlušiwňɛc hɛlulīšiwňɛc çɛňiwňɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwňɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3s līlušiwň lulīšiwň hɛlīlušiwň hɛlulīšiwň çɛňiwň līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwň hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwň hɛlulīšiwgɛ
1d līlušiwňiwhū lulīšiwňiwhū hɛlīlušiwňiwhū hɛlulīšiwňiwhū çɛňiwňiwhū līlušiwňiwgɛ çɛňiwňiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2d līlušiwňiwhir lulīšiwňiwhir hɛlīlušiwňiwhir hɛlulīšiwňiwhir çɛňiwňiwhir līlušiwňiwgɛ çɛňiwňiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3d līlušiwňiwcɛc lulīšiwňiwcɛc hɛlīlušiwňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwňiwcɛc çɛňiwňiwcɛc līlušiwňiwgɛ çɛňiwňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3d līlušiwňiwh lulīšiwňiwh hɛlīlušiwňiwh hɛlulīšiwňiwh çɛňiwňiwh līlušiwňiwgɛ çɛňiwňiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ
1p līlušiwňunū lulīšiwňunū hɛlīlušiwňunū hɛlulīšiwňunū çɛňiwňunū līlušiwňiwgɛ çɛňiwňunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2p līlušiwňunir lulīšiwňunir hɛlīlušiwňunir hɛlulīšiwňunir çɛňiwňunir līlušiwňiwgɛ çɛňiwňunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3p līlušiwňunjɛc lulīšiwňunjɛc hɛlīlušiwňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwňunjɛc çɛňiwňunjɛc līlušiwňiwgɛ çɛňiwňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3p līlušiwňun lulīšiwňun hɛlīlušiwňun hɛlulīšiwňun çɛňiwňun līlušiwgɛ çɛňiwňun hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňiwňun hɛlulīšiwgɛ


Optative
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past Imperfective future Resultative perfect Resultative plusquamperfect
1s līlušušū lulīšušū hɛlīlušušū hɛlulīšušū çɛňušū līlušiwgɛ çɛňušū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2s līlušušir lulīšušir hɛlīlušušir hɛlulīšušir çɛňušir līlušiwgɛ çɛňušir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3s līlušušɛc lulīšušɛc hɛlīlušušɛc hɛlulīšušɛc çɛňušɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňušɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3s līlušuš lulīšuš hɛlīluš hɛlulīšuš çɛňuš līlušiwgɛ çɛňuš hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňuš hɛlulīšiwgɛ
1d līlušušiwhū lulīšušiwhū hɛlīlušušiwhū hɛlulīšušiwhū çɛňušiwhū līlušiwgɛ çɛňušiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2d līlušušiwhir lulīšušiwhir hɛlīlušušiwhir hɛlulīšušiwhir çɛňušiwhir līlušiwgɛ çɛňušiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3d līlušušiwcɛc lulīšušiwcɛc hɛlīlušušiwcɛc hɛlulīšušiwcɛc çɛňušiwcɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňušiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3d līlušušiwh lulīšušiwh hɛlīlušušiwh hɛlulīšušiwh çɛňušiwh līlušiwgɛ çɛňušiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ
1p līlušušunū lulīšušunū hɛlīlušušunū hɛlulīšušunū çɛňušunū līlušiwgɛ çɛňušunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2p līlušušunir lulīšušunir hɛlīlušušunir hɛlulīšušunir çɛňušunir līlušiwgɛ çɛňušunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3p līlušušunjɛc lulīšušunjɛc hɛlīlušušunjɛc hɛlulīšušunjɛc çɛňušunjɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňušunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3p līlušušun lulīšušun hɛlīlušušun hɛlulīšušun çɛňušun līlušiwgɛ çɛňušun hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňušun hɛlulīšiwgɛ


Potential
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past Imperfective future Resultative perfect Resultative plusquamperfect
1s līlušɛʈū lulīšɛʈū hɛlīlušɛʈū hɛlulīšɛʈū çɛňɛʈū līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2s līlušɛʈir lulīšɛʈir hɛlīlušɛʈir hɛlulīšɛʈir çɛňɛʈir līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3s līlušɛcɛc lulīšɛcɛc hɛlīlušɛcɛc hɛlulīšɛcɛc çɛňɛcɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3s līlušɛʈ lulīšɛʈ hɛlīlušɛʈ hɛlulīšɛʈ çɛňɛʈ līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈ hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈ hɛlulīšiwgɛ
1d līlušɛʈiwhū lulīšɛʈiwhū hɛlīlušɛʈiwhū hɛlulīšɛʈiwhū çɛňɛʈiwhū līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈiwhū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2d līlušɛʈiwhir lulīšɛʈiwhir hɛlīlušɛʈiwhir hɛlulīšɛʈiwhir çɛňɛʈiwhir līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈiwhir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3d līlušɛʈiwcɛc lulīšɛʈiwcɛc hɛlīlušɛʈiwcɛc hɛlulīšɛʈiwcɛc çɛňɛʈiwcɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈiwcɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3d līlušɛʈiwh lulīšɛʈiwh hɛlīlušɛʈiwh hɛlulīšɛʈiwh çɛňɛʈiwh līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈiwh hɛlulīšiwgɛ
1p līlušɛʈunū lulīšɛʈunū hɛlīlušɛʈunū hɛlulīšɛʈunū çɛňɛʈunū līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈunū hɛlulīšiwgɛ
2p līlušɛʈunir lulīšɛʈunir hɛlīlušɛʈunir hɛlulīšɛʈunir çɛňɛʈunir līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈunir hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3p līlušɛʈunjɛc lulīšɛʈunjɛc hɛlīlušɛʈunjɛc hɛlulīšɛʈunjɛc çɛňɛʈunjɛc līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈunjɛc hɛlulīšiwgɛ
3p līlušɛʈun lulīšɛʈun hɛlīlušɛʈun hɛlulīšɛʈun çɛňɛʈun līlušiwgɛ çɛňɛʈun hɛlulīšiwgɛ hɛçɛňɛʈun hɛlulīšiwgɛ


Infinite
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past
Indicative līlušiwgɛ lulīšiwgɛ hɛlīlušiwgɛ hɛlulīšiwgɛ
Subjunctive līlušiwňiwgɛ lulīšiwňiwgɛ hɛlīlušiwňiwgɛ hɛlulīšiwňiwgɛ
Optative līlušušiwgɛ lulīšušiwgɛ hɛlīlušušiwgɛ hɛlulīšušiwgɛ
Potential līlušɛʈiwgɛ lulīšɛʈiwgɛ hɛlīlušɛʈiwgɛ hɛlulīšɛʈiwgɛ


Participles
Imperfective present Perfective present Imperfective past Perfective past
Agentive līlušīdu lulīšīdu hɛlīlušīdu hɛlulīšīdu
Passive līlušugiw lulīšugiw hɛlīlušugiw hɛlulīšugiw

Gəjlnigo

Verb ləjužəjge, to see

Indicative
Imperfective present Imperfective future Perfective future Imperfective past Perfective past
1s ləjužɔ ləjužəjgehɔ ejjužəjgehɔ ləjužəjdo ejjužəjdo
2s ləjužih ləjužəjgehih ejjužəjgehih
3s ləjuš ləjužəjgeh ejjužəjgeh
1p ləjužunɔ ləjužəjgehunɔ ejjužəjgehunɔ ləjužəjduno ejjužəjduno
2p ləjužunih ləjužəjgehunih ejjužəjgehunih
3p ləjužun ləjužəjgehun ejjužəjgehun


Conditional
Imperfective present Imperfective future Perfective future Imperfective past Perfective past
1s ləjužužɔ ləjužužəjgehɔ ejjužužəjgehɔ ləjužužəjdo ejjužužəjdo
2s ləjužužih ləjužužəjgehih ejjužužəjgehih
3s ləjužuš ləjužužəjgeh ejjužužəjgeh
1p ləjužužunɔ ləjužužəjgehunɔ ejjužužəjgehunɔ ləjužužəjduno ejjužužəjduno
2p ləjužužunih ləjužužəjgehunih ejjužužəjgehunih
3p ləjužužun ləjužužəjgehun ejjužužəjgehun


Infinite
Imperfective Perfective
ləjužəjge ejjužəjge


Participle
Imperfective Perfective
Indicative ləjužuǵ ejjužuǵ
Conditional ləjužužuǵ ejjužužuǵ

Cärähə

Verb rīrusühä, to see

Active
Indicative
Present Past Present continuous Perfect Past continous Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s rīrusü rurīsü cänü rīrusīdə cänü rurīsīdə häcänü rīrusīdə häcänü rurīsīdə cänü rīrusühä cänü rurīsühä häcänü rīrusühä
2s rīrusir rurīsir cänir rīrusīdə cänir rurīsīdə häcänir rīrusīdə häcänir rurīsīdə cänir rīrusühä cänir rurīsühä häcänir rīrusühä
3s rīruśäh rurīśäh cän rīrusīdə cän rurīsīdə häcän rīrusīdə häcän rurīsīdə cän rīrusühä cän rurīsühä häcän rīrusühä
1p rīrusunü rurīsunü cänunü rīrusīdənə cänunü rurīsīdənə häcänunü rīrusīdənə häcänunü rurīsīdənə cänunü rīrusühä cänunü rurīsühä häcänunü rīrusühä
2p rīrusunir rurīsunir cänunir rīrusīdənə cänunir rurīsīdənə häcänunir rīrusīdənə häcänunir rurīsīdənə cänunir rīrusühä cänunir rurīsühä häcänunir rīrusühä
3p rīrusuńäh rurīsuńäh cänun rīrusīdənə cänun rurīsīdənə häcänun rīrusīdənə häcänun rurīsīdənə cänun rīrusühä cänun rurīsühä häcänun rīrusühä


Passive
Indicative
Present Past Perfect Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s cänü rīruśuhi häcänü rīruśuhi cänü rurīśuhi häcänü rurīśuhi cänü cänühä rīruśuhi cänü cänühä rurīśuhi häcänü cänühä rīruśuhi
2s cänir rīruśuhi häcänir rīruśuhi cänir rurīśuhi häcänir rurīśuhi cänir cänühä rīruśuhi cänir cänühä rurīśuhi häcänir cänühä rīruśuhi
1s cän rīruśuhi häcän rīruśuhi cän rurīśuhi häcän rurīśuhi cän cänühä rīruśuhi cän cänühä rurīśuhi häcän cänühä rīruśuhi
1p cänunü rīruśuhi häcänunü rīruśuhi cänunü rurīśuhi häcänunü rurīśuhi cänunü cänühä rīruśuhi cänunü cänühä rurīśuhi häcänunü cänühä rīruśuhi
2p cänunir rīruśuhi häcänunir rīruśuhi cänunir rurīśuhi häcänunir rurīśuhi cänunir cänühä rīruśuhi cänunir cänühä rurīśuhi häcänunir cänühä rīruśuhi
1p cänun rīruśuhi häcänun rīruśuhi cänun rurīśuhi häcänun rurīśuhi cänun cänühä rīruśuhi cänun cänühä rurīśuhi häcänun cänühä rīruśuhi


Active
Subjunctive
Present Past Present continuous Perfect Past continous Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s rīrusünü rurīsünü cänünü rīrusīdə cänünü rurīsīdə häcänünü rīrusīdə häcänünü rurīsīdə cänünü rīrusühä cänünü rurīsühä häcänünü rīrusühä
2s rīrusünir rurīsünir cänünir rīrusīdə cänünir rurīsīdə häcänünir rīrusīdə häcänünir rurīsīdə cänünir rīrusühä cänünir rurīsühä häcänünir rīrusühä
3s rīrusuńäh rurīsuńäh cänün rīrusīdə cänün rurīsīdə häcänün rīrusīdə häcänün rurīsīdə cänün rīrusühä cänün rurīsühä häcänün rīrusühä
1p rīrusünunü rurīsünunü cänünunü rīrusīdənə cänünunü rurīsīdənə häcänünunü rīrusīdənə häcänünunü rurīsīdənə cänünunü rīrusühä cänünunü rurīsühä häcänünunü rīrusühä
2p rīrusünunir rurīsünunir cänünunir rīrusīdənə cänünunir rurīsīdənə häcänünunir rīrusīdənə häcänünunir rurīsīdənə cänünunir rīrusühä cänünunir rurīsühä häcänünunir rīrusühä
3p rīrusünuńäh rurīsünuńäh cänünun rīrusīdənə cänünun rurīsīdənə häcänünun rīrusīdənə häcänünun rurīsīdənə cänünun rīrusühä cänünun rurīsühä häcänünun rīrusühä


Passive
Subjunctive
Present Past Perfect Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s cänünü rīruśuhi häcänünü rīruśuhi cänünü rurīśuhi häcänünü rurīśuhi cänünü cänühä rīruśuhi cänünü cänühä rurīśuhi häcänünü cänühä rīruśuhi
2s cänünir rīruśuhi häcänünir rīruśuhi cänünir rurīśuhi häcänünir rurīśuhi cänünir cänühä rīruśuhi cänünir cänühä rurīśuhi häcänünir cänühä rīruśuhi
3s cänün rīruśuhi häcänün rīruśuhi cänün rurīśuhi häcänün rurīśuhi cänün cänühä rīruśuhi cänün cänühä rurīśuhi häcänün cänühä rīruśuhi
1p cänünunü rīruśuhi häcänünunü rīruśuhi cänünunü rurīśuhi häcänünunü rurīśuhi cänünunü cänühä rīruśuhi cänünunü cänühä rurīśuhi häcänünunü cänühä rīruśuhi
2p cänünunir rīruśuhi häcänünunir rīruśuhi cänünunir rurīśuhi häcänünunir rurīśuhi cänünunir cänühä rīruśuhi cänünunir cänühä rurīśuhi häcänünunir cänühä rīruśuhi
3p cänünun rīruśuhi häcänünun rīruśuhi cänünun rurīśuhi häcänünun rurīśuhi cänünun cänühä rīruśuhi cänünun cänühä rurīśuhi häcänünun cänühä rīruśuhi


Active
Optative
Present Past Present continuous Perfect Past continous Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s rīrususü rurīsusü cänü rīrususīdə cänü rurīsusīdə häcänusü rīrusīdə häcänusü rurīsīdə cänusü rīrusühä cänusü rurīsühä häcänusü rīrusühä
2s rīrususir rurīsusir cänusir rīrusīdə cänusir rurīsīdə häcänusir rīrusīdə häcänusir rurīsīdə cänusir rīrusühä cänusir rurīsühä häcänusir rīrusühä
3s rīrusuśäh rurīsuśäh cänus rīrusīdə cänus rurīsīdə häcänus rīrusīdə häcänus rurīsīdə cänus rīrusühä cänus rurīsühä häcänus rīrusühä
1p rīrususunü rurīsusunü cänusunü rīrusīdənə cänusunü rurīsīdənə häcänusunü rīrusīdənə häcänusunü rurīsīdənə cänusunü rīrusühä cänusunü rurīsühä häcänusunü rīrusühä
2p rīrususunir rurīsusunir cänusunir rīrusīdənə cänusunir rurīsīdənə häcänusunir rīrusīdənə häcänusunir rurīsīdənə cänusunir rīrusühä cänusunir rurīsühä häcänusunir rīrusühä
3p rīrususuńäh rurīsusuńäh cänusun rīrusīdənə cänusun rurīsīdənə häcänusun rīrusīdənə häcänusun rurīsīdənə cänusun rīrusühä cänusun rurīsühä häcänusun rīrusühä


Passive
Optative
Present Past Perfect Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s cänusü rīruśuhi häcänusü rīruśuhi cänusü rurīśuhi häcänusü rurīśuhi cänusü cänühä rīruśuhi cänusü cänühä rurīśuhi häcänusü cänühä rīruśuhi
2s cänusir rīruśuhi häcänusir rīruśuhi cänusir rurīśuhi häcänusir rurīśuhi cänusir cänühä rīruśuhi cänusir cänühä rurīśuhi häcänusir cänühä rīruśuhi
3s cänus rīruśuhi häcänus rīruśuhi cänus rurīśuhi häcänus rurīśuhi cänus cänühä rīruśuhi cänus cänühä rurīśuhi häcänus cänühä rīruśuhi
1p cänusunü rīruśuhi häcänusunü rīruśuhi cänusunü rurīśuhi häcänusunü rurīśuhi cänusunü cänühä rīruśuhi cänusunü cänühä rurīśuhi häcänusunü cänühä rīruśuhi
2p cänusunir rīruśuhi häcänusunir rīruśuhi cänusunir rurīśuhi häcänusunir rurīśuhi cänusunir cänühä rīruśuhi cänusunir cänühä rurīśuhi häcänusunir cänühä rīruśuhi
3p cänusun rīruśuhi häcänusun rīruśuhi cänusun rurīśuhi häcänusun rurīśuhi cänusun cänühä rīruśuhi cänusun cänühä rurīśuhi häcänusun cänühä rīruśuhi


Active
Potential
Present Past Present continuous Perfect Past continous Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s rīruśäɕü rurīśäɕü cänünü rīrusīdə cäńäɕü rurīsīdə häcäńäɕü rīrusīdə häcäńäɕü rurīsīdə cäńäɕü rīrusühä cäńäɕü rurīsühä häcäńäɕü rīrusühä
2s rīruśäɕir rurīśäɕir cäńäɕir rīrusīdə cäńäɕir rurīsīdə häcäńäɕir rīrusīdə häcäńäɕir rurīsīdə cäńäɕir rīrusühä cäńäɕir rurīsühä häcäńäɕir rīrusühä
3s rīruśäɕäh rurīśäɕäh cäńäɕ rīrusīdə cäńäɕ rurīsīdə häcäńäɕ rīrusīdə häcäńäɕ rurīsīdə cäńäɕ rīrusühä cäńäɕ rurīsühä häcäńäɕ rīrusühä
1p rīruśäɕunü rurīśäɕunü cäńäɕunü rīrusīdənə cäńäɕunü rurīsīdənə häcäńäɕunü rīrusīdənə häcäńäɕunü rurīsīdənə cäńäɕunü rīrusühä cäńäɕunü rurīsühä häcäńäɕunü rīrusühä
2p rīruśäɕunir rurīśäɕunir cäńäɕunir rīrusīdənə cäńäɕunir rurīsīdənə häcäńäɕunir rīrusīdənə häcäńäɕunir rurīsīdənə cäńäɕunir rīrusühä cäńäɕunir rurīsühä häcäńäɕunir rīrusühä
3p rīruśäɕuńäh rurīśäɕuńäh cäńäɕun rīrusīdənə cäńäɕun rurīsīdənə häcäńäɕun rīrusīdənə häcäńäɕun rurīsīdənə cäńäɕun rīrusühä cäńäɕun rurīsühä häcäńäɕun rīrusühä


Passive
Indicative
Present Past Perfect Plusquamperfect Future Future perfect Future in past
1s cäńäɕü rīruśuhi häcäńäɕü rīruśuhi cäńäɕü rurīśuhi häcäńäɕü rurīśuhi cäńäɕü cänühä rīruśuhi cäńäɕü cänühä rurīśuhi häcäńäɕü cänühä rīruśuhi
2s cäńäɕir rīruśuhi häcäńäɕir rīruśuhi cäńäɕir rurīśuhi häcäńäɕir rurīśuhi cäńäɕir cänühä rīruśuhi cäńäɕir cänühä rurīśuhi häcäńäɕir cänühä rīruśuhi
3s cäńäɕ rīruśuhi häcäńäɕ rīruśuhi cäńäɕ rurīśuhi häcäńäɕ rurīśuhi cäńäɕ cänühä rīruśuhi cäńäɕ cänühä rurīśuhi häcäńäɕ cänühä rīruśuhi
1p cäńäɕunü rīruśuhi häcäńäɕunü rīruśuhi cäńäɕunü rurīśuhi häcäńäɕunü rurīśuhi cäńäɕunü cänühä rīruśuhi cäńäɕunü cänühä rurīśuhi häcäńäɕunü cänühä rīruśuhi
2p cäńäɕunir rīruśuhi häcäńäɕunir rīruśuhi cäńäɕunir rurīśuhi häcäńäɕunir rurīśuhi cäńäɕunir cänühä rīruśuhi cäńäɕunir cänühä rurīśuhi häcäńäɕunir cänühä rīruśuhi
3p cäńäɕun rīruśuhi häcäńäɕun rīruśuhi cäńäɕun rurīśuhi häcäńäɕun rurīśuhi cäńäɕun cänühä rīruśuhi cäńäɕun cänühä rurīśuhi häcäńäɕun cänühä rīruśuhi


Indefinite
Present Past
Infinite rīrusühä rurīsühä
Active
Participle		 rīrusīdə rurīsīdə
Passive
Participle		 rīruśuhi rurīśuhi

Viwdiwgu

Verb līlužiwgɛ, to see

Indicative
Imperfective present Imperfective future Perfective future Imperfective past Perfective past
1s līlužū līlužiwçū lulīžū līlužīdu lulīžīdu
2s līlužir līlužiwçir lulīžir
3s līlužɛc līlužiwčɛc lulīžɛc
1d līlužiwhū līlužiwçiwhū lulīžiwhū līlužīduhiw lulīžīduhiw
2d līlužiwhir līlužiwçiwhir lulīžiwhir
3d līlužiwcɛc līlužiwçiwcɛc lulīžiwcɛc
1p līlužü līlužiwçü lulīžü līlužīdū lulīžīdū
2p līlužür līlužiwçür lulīžür
3p līlužünjɛc līlužiwçünjɛc lulīžünjɛc


Subjunctive
Imperfective present Imperfective future Perfective future Imperfective past Perfective past
1s līlužiwňū līlužiwňiwçū lulīžiwňū līlužiwňīdu lulīžiwňīdu
2s līlužiwňir līlužiwňiwçir lulīžiwňir
3s līlužiwňɛc līlužiwňiwčɛc lulīžiwňɛc
1d līlužiwňiwhū līlužiwňiwçiwhū lulīžiwňiwhū līlužiwňīduhiw lulīžiwňīduhiw
2d līlužiwňiwhir līlužiwňiwçiwhir lulīžiwňiwhir
3d līlužiwňiwcɛc līlužiwňiwçiwcɛc lulīžiwňiwcɛc
1p līlužiwňü līlužiwňiwçü lulīžiwňü līlužiwňīdū lulīžiwňīdū
2p līlužiwňür līlužiwňiwçür lulīžiwňür
3p līlužiwňünjɛc līlužiwňiwçünjɛc lulīžiwňünjɛc


Potential
Imperfective present Imperfective future Perfective future Imperfective past Perfective past
1s līlužɛtsū līlužɛtsiwçū lulīžɛtsū līlužɛtsīdu lulīžɛtsīdu
2s līlužɛtsir līlužɛtsiwçir lulīžɛtsir
3s līlužɛcɛc līlužɛtsiwčɛc lulīžɛcɛc
1d līlužiwhū līlužɛtsiwçiwhū lulīžɛtsiwhū līlužɛtsīduhiw lulīžɛtsīduhiw
2d līlužɛtsiwhir līlužɛtsiwçiwhir lulīžɛtsiwhir
3d līlužɛtsiwcɛc līlužɛtsiwçiwcɛc lulīžɛtsiwcɛc
1p līlužɛtsü līlužɛtsiwçü lulīžɛtsü līlužɛtsīdū lulīžɛtsīdū
2p līlužɛtsür līlužɛtsiwçür lulīžɛtsür
3p līlužɛtsünjɛc līlužɛtsiwçünjɛc lulīžɛtsünjɛc


Indefinite moods
Imperfective Perfective
Infinite līlužiwgɛ lulīžiwgɛ
Participle līlužuɣi lulīžuɣi

Jeʂtəra

Verb līloṕəme, to see

Indicative
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past		 Imperfective
future
1s līloṕol lolīṕol ʔalīloṕol ʔalolīṕol ʔəɳol līloṕəme
2s līloṕer lolīṕer ʔalīloṕer ʔalolīṕer ʔəɳer līloṕəme
3s līloṕət́ lolīṕət́ ʔalīloṕət́ ʔalolīṕət́ ʔəɳət́ līloṕəme
3s līloṕ lolīṕ ʔalīloṕ ʔalolīṕ ʔəɳ līloṕəme
1p līloṕolon lolīṕolon ʔalīloṕolon ʔalolīṕolon ʔəɳolon līloṕəme
2p līloṕeron lolīṕeron ʔalīloṕeron ʔalolīṕeron ʔəɳeron līloṕəme
3p līloṕət́on lolīṕət́on ʔalīloṕət́on ʔalolīṕət́on ʔəɳət́on līloṕəme
3p līloṕon lolīṕon ʔalīloṕon ʔalolīṕon ʔəɳon līloṕəme


Subjunctive
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past		 Imperfective
future
1s līloṕiəɳol lolīṕiəɳol ʔalīloṕiəɳol ʔalolīṕiəɳol ʔəɳiəɳol līloṕəme
2s līloṕiəɳer lolīṕiəɳer ʔalīloṕiəɳer ʔalolīṕiəɳer ʔəɳiəɳer līloṕəme
3s līloṕiəɳət́ lolīṕiəɳət́ ʔalīloṕiəɳət́ ʔalolīṕiəɳət́ ʔəɳiəɳət́ līloṕəme
3s līloṕiəɳ lolīṕiəɳ ʔalīloṕiəɳ ʔalolīṕiəɳ ʔəɳiəɳ līloṕəme
1p līloṕiəɳolon lolīṕiəɳolon ʔalīloṕiəɳolon ʔalolīṕiəɳolon ʔəɳiəɳolon līloṕəme
2p līloṕiəɳeron lolīṕiəɳeron ʔalīloṕiəɳeron ʔalolīṕiəɳeron ʔəɳiəɳeron līloṕəme
3p līloṕiəɳət́on lolīṕiəɳət́on ʔalīloṕiəɳət́on ʔalolīṕiəɳət́on ʔəɳiəɳət́on līloṕəme
3p līloṕiəɳon lolīṕiəɳon ʔalīloṕiəɳon ʔalolīṕiəɳon ʔəɳiəɳon līloṕəme


Conditional
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past		 Imperfective
future
1s līloṕoṕol lolīṕoṕol ʔalīloṕoṕol ʔalolīṕoṕol ʔəɳoṕol līloṕəme
2s līloṕoṕer lolīṕoṕer ʔalīloṕoṕer ʔalolīṕoṕer ʔəɳoṕer līloṕəme
3s līloṕoṕət́ lolīṕoṕət́ ʔalīloṕoṕət́ ʔalolīṕoṕət́ ʔəɳoṕət́ līloṕəme
3s līloṕoṕ lolīṕoṕ ʔalīloṕoṕ ʔalolīṕoṕ ʔəɳoṕ līloṕəme
1p līloṕoṕolon lolīṕoṕolon ʔalīloṕoṕolon ʔalolīṕoṕolon ʔəɳoṕolon līloṕəme
2p līloṕoṕeron lolīṕoṕeron ʔalīloṕoṕeron ʔalolīṕoṕeron ʔəɳoṕeron līloṕəme
3p līloṕoṕət́on lolīṕoṕət́on ʔalīloṕoṕət́on ʔalolīṕoṕət́on ʔəɳoṕət́on līloṕəme
3p līloṕoṕon lolīṕoṕon ʔalīloṕoṕon ʔalolīṕoṕon ʔəɳoṕon līloṕəme


Indefinite moods
Imperfective
present		 Perfective
present		 Imperfective
past		 Perfective
past
Infinite līloṕəme lolīṕəme ʔalīloṕəme ʔalolīṕəme
Active
Participle		 līloṕīto lolīṕīto ʔalīloṕīto ʔalolīṕīto
Passive
Participle		 līloṕəwkiə lolīṕəwkiə ʔalīloṕəwkiə ʔalolīṕəwkiə

Βaβar

Verb ɸaq, to see

Active
Indicative
Imperfective Perfective Continous Resultative
1s ɸaquš ɸāquš ɸaqurā sūš ɸāqurā sūš
2s ɸaqum ɸāqum ɸaqurā sūm ɸāqurā sūm
3s ɸaquɣ ɸāquɣ ɸaqurā sūɣ ɸāqurā sūɣ
1p ɸaqūža ɸāqūža ɸaqurā sūža ɸāqurā sūža
2p ɸaqūku ɸāqūku ɸaqurā sūku ɸāqurā sūku
3p ɸaqūç ɸāqūç ɸaqurā sūç ɸāqurā sūç


Active
Subjunctive
Imperfective Perfective Continous Resultative
1s ɸaqūš ɸāqūš ɸaqurā sjaš ɸāqurā sjaš
2s ɸaqūm ɸāqūm ɸaqurā sjam ɸāqurā sjam
3s ɸaqūɣ ɸāqūɣ ɸaqurā sjaɣ ɸāqurā sjaɣ
1p ɸaqujža ɸāqujža ɸaqurā sjaža ɸāqurā sjaža
2p ɸaqujku ɸāqujku ɸaqurā sjaku ɸāqurā sjaku
3p ɸaqujç ɸāqujç ɸaqurā sjaç ɸāqurā sjaç


Active
Imperative
Imperfective Perfective
2s ɸaq ɸāq
2p ɸaq ɸāq

Memniq

Verb ťerkel, to see

Active
Indicative
Imperfective
Perfective
Present Past Future Perfect Past Future
1s joťreku ťreku juťreku joťereku ťereku juťereku
2s jaťreku ťreko jöťreku jaťireku ťireku jöťireku
3s jaťreke ťreke jöťreke jaťerek ťerek jöťerek
1p ťrekem ťrekim ëťrekem ťerekim ťerekem ëťerekem
2p ťrekeš ťrekiš ëťrekeš ťirekiš ťirekeš ëťirekeš
3p ťreket ťrekit ëťreket ťerekit ťereket ëťereket


Active
Subjunctive
Imperfective
Perfective
Present Past Future Perfect Past Future
1s joťräku ťräku juťräku joťeräku ťeräku juťeräku
2s jaťräku ťräko jöťräku jaťiräku ťiräku jöťiräku
3s jaťräke ťräke jöťräke jaťeräk ťeräk jöťeräk
1p ťräkem ťräkim ëťräkem ťeräkim ťeräkem ëťeräkem
2p ťräkeš ťräkiš ëťräkeš ťiräkiš ťiräkeš ëťiräkeš
3p ťräket ťräkit ëťräket ťeräkit ťeräket ëťeräket


Active
Conditional
Imperfective
Perfective
Present Past Future Perfect Past Future
1s joťraku ťraku juťraku joťeraku ťeraku juťeraku
2s jaťraku ťrako jöťraku jaťiraku ťiraku jöťiraku
3s jaťrake ťrake jöťrake jaťerak ťerak jöťerak
1p ťrakem ťrakim ëťrakem ťerakim ťerakem ëťerakem
2p ťrakeš ťrakiš ëťrakeš ťirakiš ťirakeš ëťirakeš
3p ťraket ťrakit ëťraket ťerakit ťeraket ëťeraket


Active
Optative
Imperfective
Perfective
Present Past Future Perfect Past Future
1s joťriku ťriku juťriku joťeriku ťeriku juťeriku
2s jaťriku ťriko jöťriku jaťiriku ťiriku jöťiriku
3s jaťrike ťrike jöťrike jaťerik ťerik jöťerik
1p ťrikem ťrikim ëťrikem ťerikim ťerikem ëťerikem
2p ťrikeš ťrikiš ëťrikeš ťirikiš ťirikeš ëťirikeš
3p ťriket ťrikit ëťriket ťerikit ťeriket ëťeriket

Æbbro

Verb tuurkar, to see

Active
Positive
Indicative
Repetitive Progressive Perfect Resultative
Present tuurkar tuurkarom tuurkarap tuurkarunn
Past tuurkaruud tuurkaromuud tuurkarapudd tuurkarunnuud
Future tuurkaroow tuurkaromoow tuurkarapoow tuurkarunnoow


Active
Negative
Indicative
Repetitive Progressive Perfect Resultative
Present tuurkaral tuurkaromal tuurkarapal tuurkarunnal
Past tuurkaroor tuurkaromoor tuurkarapoor tuurkarunnoor
Future tuurkaruubb tuurkaromuubb tuurkarapuubb tuurkarunnuubb


Active
Positive
Optative
Repetitive Progressive Perfect Resultative
Present tuurkarull tuurkarullom tuurkarullap tuurkarullunn
Past tuurkarulluud tuurkarullomuud tuurkarullapudd tuurkarullunnuud
Future tuurkarulloow tuurkarullomoow tuurkarullapoow tuurkarullunnoow


Active
Negative
Optative
Repetitive Progressive Perfect Resultative
Present tuurkarullal tuurkarullomal tuurkarullapal tuurkarullunnal
Past tuurkarulloor tuurkarullomoor tuurkarullapoor tuurkarullunnoor
Future tuurkarulluubb tuurkarullomuubb tuurkarullapuubb tuurkarullunnuubb


Active
Positive
Potential
Repetitive Progressive Perfect Resultative
Present tuurkarogg tuurkaroggom tuurkaroggap tuurkaroggunn
Past tuurkarogguud tuurkaroggomuud tuurkaroggapudd tuurkaroggunnuud
Future tuurkaroggoow tuurkaroggomoow tuurkaroggapoow tuurkaroggunnoow


Active
Negative
Potential
Repetitive Progressive Perfect Resultative
Present tuurkaroggal tuurkaroggomal tuurkaroggapal tuurkaroggunnal
Past tuurkaroggoor tuurkaroggomoor tuurkaroggapoor tuurkaroggunnoor
Future tuurkarogguubb tuurkaroggomuubb tuurkaroggapuubb tuurkaroggunnuubb


Active
Positive
Imperative
Repetitive Progressive Perfect Resultative
Present tuurkar tuurkarom - -
Past - - - -
Future - - - -


Active
Negative
Imperative
Repetitive Progressive Perfect Resultative
Present tuurkaral tuurkaromal - -
Past - - - -
Future - - - -

Dʰakʰi

Verb -uːska, to see

Habitual
-
Positive
Main
- 1-sg 1a-sg 2-sg 3-sg 3a-sg 4-sg 5-sg 6-sg 6a-sg 7-sg 7a-sg 8-sg 9-sg 1p-sg 2p-sg dim.-sg
1-sg kuːska kokuːska kokuːska kəruːska kumuːska kumuːska kəgʰuːska kepuːska kutuːska kutuːska kəquːska kəquːska kaluːska kidʰuːska koṅuːska kəguːska kəsuːska
1a-sg kuːska kokuːska kokuːska kəruːska kumuːska kumuːska kəgʰuːska kepuːska kutuːska kutuːska kəquːska kəquːska kaluːska kidʰuːska koṅuːska kəguːska kəsuːska
2-sg ruːska rokuːska rokuːska rəruːska rumuːska rumuːska rəgʰuːska repuːska rutuːska rutuːska rəquːska rəquːska raluːska ridʰuːska roṅuːska rəguːska rəsuːska
3-sg muːska mokuːska mokuːska məruːska mumuːska mumuːska məgʰuːska mepuːska mutuːska mutuːska məquːska məquːska maluːska midʰuːska moṅuːska məguːska məsuːska
3a-sg muːska mokuːska mokuːska məruːska mumuːska mumuːska məgʰuːska mepuːska mutuːska mutuːska məquːska məquːska maluːska midʰuːska moṅuːska məguːska məsuːska
4-sg gʰuːska gʰokuːska gʰokuːska gʰəruːska gʰumuːska gʰumuːska gʰəgʰuːska gʰepuːska gʰutuːska gʰutuːska gʰəquːska gʰəquːska gʰaluːska gʰidʰuːska gʰoṅuːska gʰəguːska gʰəsuːska
5-sg puːska pokuːska pokuːska pəruːska pumuːska pumuːska pəgʰuːska pepuːska putuːska putuːska pəquːska pəquːska paluːska pidʰuːska poṅuːska pəguːska pəsuːska
6-sg tuːska tokuːska tokuːska təruːska tumuːska tumuːska təgʰuːska tepuːska tutuːska tutuːska təquːska təquːska taluːska tidʰuːska toṅuːska təguːska təsuːska
6a-sg tuːska tokuːska tokuːska təruːska tumuːska tumuːska təgʰuːska tepuːska tutuːska tutuːska təquːska təquːska taluːska tidʰuːska toṅuːska təguːska təsuːska
7-sg quːska qokuːska qokuːska qəruːska qumuːska qumuːska qəgʰuːska qepuːska qutuːska qutuːska qəquːska qəquːska qaluːska qidʰuːska qoṅuːska qəguːska qəsuːska
7a-sg quːska qokuːska qokuːska qəruːska qumuːska qumuːska qəgʰuːska qepuːska qutuːska qutuːska qəquːska qəquːska qaluːska qidʰuːska qoṅuːska qəguːska qəsuːska
8-sg luːska lokuːska lokuːska ləruːska lumuːska lumuːska ləgʰuːska lepuːska lutuːska lutuːska ləquːska ləquːska laluːska lidʰuːska loṅuːska ləguːska ləsuːska
9-sg dʰuːska dʰokuːska dʰokuːska dʰəruːska dʰumuːska dʰumuːska dʰəgʰuːska dʰepuːska dʰutuːska dʰutuːska dʰəquːska dʰəquːska dʰaluːska dʰidʰuːska dʰoṅuːska dʰəguːska dʰəsuːska
1p-sg ṅuːska ṅokuːska ṅokuːska ṅəruːska ṅumuːska ṅumuːska ṅəgʰuːska ṅepuːska ṅutuːska ṅutuːska ṅəquːska ṅəquːska ṅaluːska ṅidʰuːska - ṅəguːska ṅəsuːska
2p-sg guːska gokuːska gokuːska gəruːska gumuːska gumuːska gəgʰuːska gepuːska gutuːska gutuːska gəquːska gəquːska galuːska gidʰuːska goṅuːska - gəsuːska
dim-sg suːska sokuːska sokuːska səruːska sumuːska sumuːska səgʰuːska sepuːska sutuːska sutuːska səquːska səquːska saluːska sidʰuːska soṅuːska səguːska səsuːska
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