Khangaþyagon Derivational Morphology: Difference between revisions
(→Adverbs: Example) |
|||
| (6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
===Participles=== | ===Participles=== | ||
Participles can serve as nouns or adjectives. When the sense of the participle is that of "person associated with the action", the participle compounds with | Participles can serve as [[Khangaþyagon_Nouns|nouns]] or [[Khangaþyagon_Adjectives|adjectives]]. When the sense of the participle is that of "person associated with the action", the participle compounds with | ||
;það:deed | ;það:deed | ||
to form the sense of "action". When the sense is "action", it compounds with | to form the sense of "action". | ||
;bagir-:keep | |||
:;bagiront:keeper | |||
:;bagirontþað: keeping | |||
When the sense is "action", it compounds with | |||
;hol:person | ;hol:person | ||
or another suitable noun, to form the sense "person associated with the action". | or another suitable noun, to form the sense "person associated with the action". | ||
;slat:find | |||
:;slatont:finding | |||
::;slatonthol: finder | |||
::;ketargslatontrik: [http://fantasticaldevices.blogspot.co.uk/2011/02/my-native-american-name.html hawkfinder] | |||
===Abstract nouns=== | ===Abstract nouns=== | ||
Abstract nouns may be formed from adjectives by means of the segunak | Abstract [[Khangaþyagon_Nouns|nouns]] may be formed from [[Khangaþyagon_Adjectives|adjectives]] or other nouns by means of the segunak | ||
;nesh:the property of being X | ;nesh:the property of being X | ||
:;rissunesh:speed | |||
:;marknesh:reign | |||
===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
Adjectives may be formed from nouns by the following segunakar | [[Khangaþyagon_Adjectives|Adjectives]] may be formed from [[Khangaþyagon_Nouns|nouns]] by the following segunakar | ||
;ek:like, similar to. This segunak is used with numbers to form ordinals. | ;ek:like, similar to. This segunak is used with [[Khangaþyagon_Numbers|numbers]] to form ordinals. | ||
:;magek:tree-like | |||
:;modek:first | |||
;l:characterised by. This segunak is used with numbers to form multiplicities. | ;l:characterised by. This segunak is used with numbers to form multiplicities. | ||
:;khangaþl:magical | |||
:;denl:double | |||
When a noun ends with l, -ek is used for the meaning normally conveyed by -l | |||
;kirrlek: strenuous | |||
===Adverbs=== | ===Adverbs=== | ||
| Line 41: | Line 59: | ||
This follows antonym formation and degree of comparison on the adjective, and preceeds verb agreement. | This follows antonym formation and degree of comparison on the adjective, and preceeds verb agreement. | ||
''newtihangar rikilar samsklikhimwanihangar | |||
{| | |||
|newt-||i-||ha-||ng-||ar||rik-||il-||ar||sansk-||l-||ikhim-||wan-||i-||ha-||ng-||ar | |||
|- | |||
|work||3P||CONT||PT||PL||man||this||PL||skill||ADJ||SUPERL||ADV||3P||CONT||PT||PL | |||
|} | |||
These men were working the most skillfully. | |||
{{NavBar|Back_dest=Khangaþyagon Adverbs etc|Back_name=Adverbs, Pronouns and Conjunctions|Up_dest=Khangaþyagon Morphology|Up_name=Morphology|Next_dest=Khangaþyagon Syntax|Next_name=Syntax}} | {{NavBar|Back_dest=Khangaþyagon Adverbs etc|Back_name=Adverbs, Pronouns and Conjunctions|Up_dest=Khangaþyagon Morphology|Up_name=Morphology|Next_dest=Khangaþyagon Syntax|Next_name=Syntax}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:54, 5 October 2012
Compounding
Compounding is head last, that is the primary root is the last occurring in the compound, as is typical of Germanic languages, eg
- zaldep
- treasure
- ban
- stone
- zaldepban
- gemstone
This is a notable deviation from the usually head-initial morphology and syntax of Khangaþyagon.
Participles
Participles can serve as nouns or adjectives. When the sense of the participle is that of "person associated with the action", the participle compounds with
- það
- deed
to form the sense of "action".
- bagir-
- keep
- bagiront
- keeper
- bagirontþað
- keeping
When the sense is "action", it compounds with
- hol
- person
or another suitable noun, to form the sense "person associated with the action".
- slat
- find
- slatont
- finding
- slatonthol
- finder
- ketargslatontrik
- hawkfinder
Abstract nouns
Abstract nouns may be formed from adjectives or other nouns by means of the segunak
- nesh
- the property of being X
- rissunesh
- speed
- marknesh
- reign
Adjectives
Adjectives may be formed from nouns by the following segunakar
- ek
- like, similar to. This segunak is used with numbers to form ordinals.
- magek
- tree-like
- modek
- first
- l
- characterised by. This segunak is used with numbers to form multiplicities.
- khangaþl
- magical
- denl
- double
When a noun ends with l, -ek is used for the meaning normally conveyed by -l
- kirrlek
- strenuous
Adverbs
Adverbs may be formed from adjectives by means of the segunak
- wan
- in such a manner
This follows antonym formation and degree of comparison on the adjective, and preceeds verb agreement.
newtihangar rikilar samsklikhimwanihangar
| newt- | i- | ha- | ng- | ar | rik- | il- | ar | sansk- | l- | ikhim- | wan- | i- | ha- | ng- | ar |
| work | 3P | CONT | PT | PL | man | this | PL | skill | ADJ | SUPERL | ADV | 3P | CONT | PT | PL |
These men were working the most skillfully.
| Back | Up | Next |
|---|---|---|
| Adverbs, Pronouns and Conjunctions | Morphology | Syntax |
