Proto-Uralic/-ma: Difference between revisions

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Infinitiv -mA is probably identical to this.
==Derivation==
==Derivation==
*kaxli- "to die" → *kalma "death"
Most cases deverbal; denominals in <span style="color:green">green</span>.
*śuri- "to die" → *śurma "death"
*ńäxli- "eat" → *ńälmä "tongue"
*ńoxi- "to hunt" → *ńoma "hare"
*oða- "to sleep" → *oðama "sleep"
*ńimi- "to suck" → Smy *ńimmä "breast"
*sewi- "eat" → Smy *timä "tooth" (should be *tɪmä?) (AASmy 1)
*wo-(li-) "to be, to have" → FSM *(w)oma "own"
*wajŋi "breath" → FSM *wajma "spirit"
*śola/śooli "intestine" → FS *śolma/śolmi "strait"
*kajwa- "to dig" → Mo *kajmə "spade"
*kojwa "birch" → Mo *kujmə "basket"
*wëlka- "to arrive" → F *valkama "landing"
*waśa- "to shoot" → F *vasama "bolt of lightning"


(and is this the same as the infinitiv -mA?)
*PU
** *kalə- "to die" → *kalma "death"
** *śurə- "to die" → *śurma "death"
** *parə- → *parma "gadfly" (vs. *parə-w → Samic *poarō) (root "to buzz"?)
** *ńälə- "eat" → *ńälmä "tongue"
** *ńoxə- "to hunt" → *ńoma "hare"
** *aðə- "to sleep" → *aðəma "sleep" (could be in parallel: Mordvinic *odəmə has no syncope)
** <span style="color:green">*kojə "man" → *kojma "person"</span>
*Within Samoyedic
** *ńimə- "to suck" → Smy *ńimmä "breast"
** *sewə- "eat" → Smy *timä "tooth" (should be *temä?) (AASmy 1)
*Within Ugric
** *kaðʲa- "to disappear" → *koĺmɜ "ash" (AA, [http://protouralic.wordpress.com/2013/07/31/laterals-palatals-and-more/ commenting on the blog])
*Within West Uralic
** *wo-(lə-) "to be, to have" → FSM *(w)oma "own"
** <span style="color:green">*wajŋə "breath" → FSM *wajma "spirit"</span>
** <span style="color:green">*śalə "intestine" → S *čoalmē, F *salmi "strait" (semantics weak)</span>
** *jurə- "to turn" → S *jormē "whirlpool" (AASmy #?)
*Within Mordvinic
** *kajwa- "to dig" → Mo *kajmə "spade"
** <span style="color:green">*kojwa "birch" → Mo *kujmə "basket"</span>
*Within Finnic
** *wëlka- "to arrive" → F *valkama "landing"
** *waśa- "to shoot" → F *vasama "bolt of lightning"


Check: Janhunen '92 — ''Petrified verbal nouns in early Uralic'' (in Rédei festschrift, Studia Uralica 6)
==Potential cases==
* *kama "crust" (P *oo)
* *julma "strong" (P *oo)
* *jelma "air" (F -a)
* *śa(j)ma "vessel" (Mo -a)
* *kulma "brow" (Kh *ĺ)
* *ńërma "groin" (S *ā)
* FS *loma "gap" (~ MoMa *loKə)
* FSM *urma "wound"
* FMo *ločma "valley"
* FK *kelmä "skin" (K *ń)
* FP *külmä "cold" (cf. IE *gel-)
* PUg *ćoKəma "shelter" (P *oo)
* PUg *śoj(ə)ma "lowland"
* HKh *ëlama "cushion"
* MsSmy *śarma "hole in roof"
* *äjmä "needle"
* *emä "mother"
* *ðʲoma "midge"
* *ðʲümä "glue"
* *jama "joint"
* *kämä "shoe"
* *lämä "scab"
* *parma "gardfly"
* *śuma "cap"
* *śeð(ʲ)mä "kidney"
* *śilmä "eye"
* *tärma₂ "power"

Latest revision as of 13:23, 18 April 2014

Infinitiv -mA is probably identical to this.

Derivation

Most cases deverbal; denominals in green.

  • PU
    • *kalə- "to die" → *kalma "death"
    • *śurə- "to die" → *śurma "death"
    • *parə- → *parma "gadfly" (vs. *parə-w → Samic *poarō) (root "to buzz"?)
    • *ńälə- "eat" → *ńälmä "tongue"
    • *ńoxə- "to hunt" → *ńoma "hare"
    • *aðə- "to sleep" → *aðəma "sleep" (could be in parallel: Mordvinic *odəmə has no syncope)
    • *kojə "man" → *kojma "person"
  • Within Samoyedic
    • *ńimə- "to suck" → Smy *ńimmä "breast"
    • *sewə- "eat" → Smy *timä "tooth" (should be *temä?) (AASmy 1)
  • Within Ugric
  • Within West Uralic
    • *wo-(lə-) "to be, to have" → FSM *(w)oma "own"
    • *wajŋə "breath" → FSM *wajma "spirit"
    • *śalə "intestine" → S *čoalmē, F *salmi "strait" (semantics weak)
    • *jurə- "to turn" → S *jormē "whirlpool" (AASmy #?)
  • Within Mordvinic
    • *kajwa- "to dig" → Mo *kajmə "spade"
    • *kojwa "birch" → Mo *kujmə "basket"
  • Within Finnic
    • *wëlka- "to arrive" → F *valkama "landing"
    • *waśa- "to shoot" → F *vasama "bolt of lightning"

Potential cases

  • *kama "crust" (P *oo)
  • *julma "strong" (P *oo)
  • *jelma "air" (F -a)
  • *śa(j)ma "vessel" (Mo -a)
  • *kulma "brow" (Kh *ĺ)
  • *ńërma "groin" (S *ā)
  • FS *loma "gap" (~ MoMa *loKə)
  • FSM *urma "wound"
  • FMo *ločma "valley"
  • FK *kelmä "skin" (K *ń)
  • FP *külmä "cold" (cf. IE *gel-)
  • PUg *ćoKəma "shelter" (P *oo)
  • PUg *śoj(ə)ma "lowland"
  • HKh *ëlama "cushion"
  • MsSmy *śarma "hole in roof"
  • *äjmä "needle"
  • *emä "mother"
  • *ðʲoma "midge"
  • *ðʲümä "glue"
  • *jama "joint"
  • *kämä "shoe"
  • *lämä "scab"
  • *parma "gardfly"
  • *śuma "cap"
  • *śeð(ʲ)mä "kidney"
  • *śilmä "eye"
  • *tärma₂ "power"
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