Kala Verbs: Difference between revisions

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{{Kala 2}}
*
 
==Verbs==
 
===tense / aspect===
 
The future tense is marked with the suffix '''-tli'''. Past tenses, including perfect and
pluperfect, are marked with the suffix '''-ye'''. The present tense is unmarked:
 
* '''na ina''' - <tt>1.S eat</tt> - I eat / I am eating.
* '''na inatli''' - <tt>1.S eat.FUT</tt> - I will eat / I am about to eat.
* '''na inaye''' - <tt>1.S eat.PAST</tt> - I eat / I was eating / I have eaten / I had eaten.
 
[[Kala]] does not distinguish perfect and imperfect aspects of the verb (e.g. ‘I ate’, ‘I used to eat’, ‘I
have eaten’, ‘I had eaten’). However, one can easily clarify the temporal sequence of two actions by
marking the earlier one with the adverbial '''tsa''' (‘already’).
 
===mood===
 
* The conditional mood is formed with the particle '''iya'''.
 
* '''iya na ina''' - <tt>COND 1.S eat</tt> - I might be eating.
 
* The imperative mood is formed with the particle '''kya'''.
 
* '''kya ina''' - <tt>IMP eat</tt> - Eat!
 
* The negative mood is formed with the suffix '''-k'''.
 
* '''na inak''' - <tt>1.S eat.NEG</tt> - I do not eat / I am not eating.
 
* The volitive mood is formed with the suffix '''-ue''' (from '''ueha''' - to want, desire).
 
* '''na inaue''' - <tt>1.S eat.VOL</tt> - I want to eat.
 
* The necessitative mood is formed with the suffix '''-he''' (from '''heya''' - to need, require).
 
* '''na inahe''' - <tt>1.S eat.NEC</tt> - I need to eat.
 
* The abilitative mood is formed with the suffix '''-pa''' (from '''pala''' - to be able).
 
* '''na inapa''' - <tt>1.S eat.ABIL</tt> - I am able to eat./ I can eat.
 
===voice===
 
* The passive voice is formed by attaching the accusative prefix '''e-''' to the pronoun.
 
* '''ena ina''' - <tt>ACC.1.S eat</tt> - I am eaten. / I am being eaten.
 
== Index ==
 
{{Kala index}}
 
[[Category:Kala]]

Latest revision as of 13:47, 16 September 2013