Conlang Relay 17/Silindion: Difference between revisions
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==Phonology== | |||
Lenition: | Lenition: | ||
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a + a > o | a + a > o | ||
==Grammar== | |||
Grammar: | Grammar: | ||
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http://erelion.free.fr/morphology.html | http://erelion.free.fr/morphology.html | ||
==Notes== | |||
(1) The pronoun ''ta'' can be used to link to clauses together, often one clause has a simple complement relation to the other. However, sometimes it can be used to sequence events, especially when connnecting an adverbial clause to a main clause. It is also the normal inanimate relative pronoun | (1) The pronoun ''ta'' can be used to link to clauses together, often one clause has a simple complement relation to the other. However, sometimes it can be used to sequence events, especially when connnecting an adverbial clause to a main clause. It is also the normal inanimate relative pronoun | ||
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(3) After the first clause: ''mië vionu yummán ta yova alai emë voksëavinya'', ''vio'' is demoted to a patient throughout the rest of the story. This is indicated by various grammatical devices, i.e. the use of ''të'' in the second clause (which does not refer to ''vio'') and the use of allative case ''vionna'' as subject of the gerund ''irevelda''. | (3) After the first clause: ''mië vionu yummán ta yova alai emë voksëavinya'', ''vio'' is demoted to a patient throughout the rest of the story. This is indicated by various grammatical devices, i.e. the use of ''të'' in the second clause (which does not refer to ''vio'') and the use of allative case ''vionna'' as subject of the gerund ''irevelda''. | ||
[[Category: Conlang Relay 17]] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:39, 19 July 2011
Text
I Yumma ángrië
Mië vionu yummán ta yova alai emë voksëavinya, në të yusephë yumiellu. Yevio, aleksio tamë aseskëo nailo. Irevelda i vionna kamalyandanya ta ombalë i yummán në aphukë i vion. Ota, ië miossi tista yova avovë: id mananduni i vivo i phántëan. Iphersunna assunyo në iphunka, aseskë i vion sámmëa. Tilisë myentán, ahwi roa në anyenë.
English Translation
The phantom workhorse
The man had a workhorse whose back he tried to ride, but who refused to carry him. Instead, it threw him off and then hurt him severely. While trying to escape, the horse bellowed and kicked the man. Thus, what happened was this: the strong one attacked the weak one. Trampling with legs and kicking, it hurt the man so he was dead. Having seen this, a pig squealed and rejoiced.
Lexicon
| Word | Translation | Grammatical Information |
|---|---|---|
| ambal- | bellow | verb, l-stem |
| angrië | phantom, evil spirit | adjectival/nominal, ië-stem |
| assun | foot, animal leg | noun, n-stem |
| ë- | be | verb, ay-stem, irregular augment: i- |
| emë | on | +locative case |
| hu- | squeal | verb, u-stem, irregular past stem: hw- |
| i | definite article | lenites |
| id | really, indeed, truly, behold | see notes |
| ka=leK- | throw off | verb, K-stem |
| ka=malya- | escape | verb, a-stem |
| laK- | ride | verb, K-stem |
| man=nun- | attack | verb, n-stem, past: man-a-ndun-i |
| mië | existential particle | past tense |
| miossi | this | nominative demonstrative pronoun |
| myenta- | this | non-nominative demonstrative pronoun |
| nailo | greatly, severely | adverb |
| në | and, but | conjunction |
| ota | thus, so, yes | interjection, conjunction |
| pántëa | weak, small | adjective/nominal, ëa-stem |
| per=sun- | trample, tread on | verb, n-stem |
| puk- | kick | verb, k-stem |
| revel- | try out, taste, attempt, pull, tug | verb, l-stem |
| roa | pig | noun, oa-stem |
| sámmëa | dead | adjective/nominal, ëa-stem |
| seP- | refuse | verb, P-stem |
| sesk- | hurt, wound, beat | verb, sk-stem |
| ta | that, and, so, when, which | conjunction, inanimate relative pronoun, see notes |
| tamë | then, thereupon, afterwards | conjunction, adverb |
| të | who | animate relative pronoun, see notes |
| til- | see | verb, l-stem |
| tista | that which, the one which, what | headless relative |
| vio | man | noun, o-stem |
| vivo | strong | adjective/nominal, o-stem |
| vo(w)- | happen, exist, be, occur, befall | verb, (w)-stem |
| voksë | back | noun, ay-stem |
| yen- | rejoice | verb, n-stem, past tense: a-nyen-ë |
| yevio | instead | conjunction, Low Silindion |
| yova | relative subordinator | inanimate, see notes |
| yum- | carry | verb, m-stem |
| yummán | workhouse | noun, n-stem |
Morphology
Nominal Inflection
| Inflection | Form | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | zero | |
| Dative | -nu | |
| Locative: | -vi | |
| Accusative: | -n | |
| Allative: | -nna | |
| Plural | -ya | consonant stem ending |
| Instrumental | -u | |
| Possessive | -nya | (his/its/hers) |
Verbal Morphology
Past Tense: a-….-ë/-si/-i
The augment is added after some derivational prefixes (such as man-) but before others, such as ka-, in most verbs. Derivational prefixes are indicated by = in the vocabulary.
| Inflection | Form | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Anterior Gerund | -isë | |
| Conjunctive Gerund | i-…-na/-da | |
| Infinitive | -iello | |
| Nominal Gerund | -na | (d-stem, accusative: -ndan) |
| Animate Relative | yo- | |
| Clitic Pronoun | -o | masculine, neuter |
Phonology
Lenition: k > zero; p > ph
Cluster Simplification: k+n > nk; n+ny > ny
Contraction: a+u > o; a+ë > ai; o + a > u; o + o > u; a + a > o
Grammar
Grammar:
http://erelion.free.fr/morphology.html
Notes
(1) The pronoun ta can be used to link to clauses together, often one clause has a simple complement relation to the other. However, sometimes it can be used to sequence events, especially when connnecting an adverbial clause to a main clause. It is also the normal inanimate relative pronoun
(2) Sentence or clause initially, the particle id is to be translated as 'indeed', 'behold' or 'and'. It highlights the following sentence as particularly important. It often indicates a significant break between what follows id and what precedes. It may also link various clauses building to a climax (as before). Finally, in the sense 'behold' it may take direct objects or be followed by verbless clauses.
(3) After the first clause: mië vionu yummán ta yova alai emë voksëavinya, vio is demoted to a patient throughout the rest of the story. This is indicated by various grammatical devices, i.e. the use of të in the second clause (which does not refer to vio) and the use of allative case vionna as subject of the gerund irevelda.
