Round Robin Romlang: Difference between revisions
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* [[User:Calculator Ftvb|Calculator Ftvb]] | * [[User:Calculator Ftvb|Calculator Ftvb]] | ||
It is [[User: | It is [[User:DCliche|Kenner Gordon]]'s turn. | ||
===Possible Participants=== | ===Possible Participants=== | ||
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* [single stop] > [fricative] / (V, r, l)_V | * [single stop] > [fricative] / (V, r, l)_V | ||
* β > h / _(unstressed vowel) | * β > h / _(unstressed vowel) | ||
* l > | * l > ʎ | ||
===Stage 5=== | ===Stage 5=== | ||
* j > | * j > ʎ | ||
* (kw, gw) > (p, b) | * (kw, gw) > (p, b) | ||
* o > u | * o > u | ||
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* ɔ > ɤ | * ɔ > ɤ | ||
* (ʉ,ɞ,a) >∅ / _[+sonorant] | * (ʉ,ɞ,a) >∅ / _[+sonorant] | ||
* | * ʎ > ʎ̥˔ | ||
===Stage 7=== | ===Stage 7=== | ||
Line 103: | Line 103: | ||
===Stage 9=== | ===Stage 9=== | ||
* l > | * l > ʎ > ʎ̥˔ | ||
* h > Ø | * h > Ø | ||
* (ɯ, ɤ) > (ɨ, ɜ) | * (ɯ, ɤ) > (ɨ, ɜ) | ||
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* j, jj > ʒ | * j, jj > ʒ | ||
* f > θ / _[-round] | * f > θ / _[-round] | ||
* l > ɬ | |||
===Stage 14=== | |||
* θ f v > t p b /#_ | |||
* ɫʒ, ʒɫ > ɮ | |||
* ə > Ø / [unstressed] | |||
* t d > θ ð | |||
** ʈ ɖ > tt l / V_V | |||
** ʈ ɖ > t d otherwise | |||
* ɮ > ɬ̢ | |||
==Proposals== | ==Proposals== | ||
Perhaps we could allow people to do grammatical changes (i.e. "Syntax changes to V2", "Nominative becomes ergative and accusative becomes absolutive", etc.) instead of sound changes if they wish. [[User:DCliche|DCliche]] 23:56, 9 March 2010 (UTC) | Perhaps we could allow people to do grammatical changes (i.e. "Syntax changes to V2", "Nominative becomes ergative and accusative becomes absolutive", etc.) instead of sound changes if they wish. [[User:DCliche|DCliche]] 23:56, 9 March 2010 (UTC) | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | width="360px" | {| class="wikitable" | width="360px" | ||
! rowspan="2" | | ! rowspan="2" | | ||
!colspan="2"| ''' | !colspan="2"| '''pəɛʒɬa <br> ''girl'' f.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Singular''' | ! '''Singular''' | ||
Line 167: | Line 178: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Nominative''' | ! '''Nominative''' | ||
| | | pəɛʒɬa || pəɛʒɬʒa | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Indirect''' | ! '''Indirect''' | ||
| | | pəɛʒɬʒa || pəɛʒɬaɬ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 184: | Line 195: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Indirect''' | ! '''Indirect''' | ||
| kampi || | | kampi || kampəʒɬ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! '''Nominative''' | ! '''Nominative''' | ||
| | | maʒɬ || maʒɬi | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Indirect''' | ! '''Indirect''' | ||
| | | maʒɬi || man | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! '''Genitive''' | ! '''Genitive''' | ||
| | | xiʒɬ || xiʒɬ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Dative''' | ! '''Dative''' | ||
Line 323: | Line 334: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Nominative''' | ! '''Nominative''' | ||
| ɛk || i || ɛk || ɛ || ɛk || ɛk || | | ɛk || i || ɛk || ɛ || ɛk || ɛk || ɛʒɬɛ || ɛʒɬi || ɛʒɬa || eʒɬɛ || ɛʒɬəd || ɛʒɬa | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Genitive''' | ! '''Genitive''' | ||
| | | əʒɬ || əʒɬ || əʒɬ || ɒjɬ || əʒɬ || əʒɬ || ɛʒɬi || ɛʒɬəʒɬ || ɛjɬi || eʒɬaʒɬ || ɛʒɬi || ɛʒɬəʒɬ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Dative''' | ! '''Dative''' | ||
| əɛk || i || əɛk || i || əɛk || i || ɛʒli || | | əɛk || i || əɛk || i || əɛk || i || ɛʒli || ɛʒɬi || ɛʒɬi || ɛʒɬi || ɛʒɬi || ɛʒɬi | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Accusative''' | ! '''Accusative''' | ||
| ənk || ə || ɒnk || ɒ || ɛk || ɛk || | | ənk || ə || ɒnk || ɒ || ɛk || ɛk || ɛʒɬ || ɛʒɬ || ɛʒɬa || ɒʒɬa || ɒʒɬəd || ɛʒɬa | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! '''Genitive''' | ! '''Genitive''' | ||
| | | xiʒl || pəʒɬ || xiʒɬ || paʒl || xiʒɬ || pəʒɬ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Dative''' | ! '''Dative''' | ||
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!colspan="8"| Indicative mood, active voice, present tense | !colspan="8"| Indicative mood, active voice, present tense | ||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| xaʒlɛʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| pɛsɛʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| auziʒɬɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | ||
| pɔɬt || pɔɬtam || | | pɔɬt || pɔɬtam || xaʒɬɛɾ || xaʒɬɛm || pɛs || pɛsim || auzɛɾ || auzim | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | ||
| pɔɬta || pɔɬtasɛ || | | pɔɬta || pɔɬtasɛ || xaʒɬɛ || xaʒɬɛsɛ || pɛsɛ || pɛsɛsɛ || auzi || auzisɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | ||
| pɔɬtat || pɔɬtant || | | pɔɬtat || pɔɬtant || xaʒɬɛt || xaʒɬɛnt || pɛsɛt || pɛsint || auzɛt || auzɛənt | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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!colspan="8"| Indicative mood, active voice, imperfect tense | !colspan="8"| Indicative mood, active voice, imperfect tense | ||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| xaçlɛʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| pɛsɛʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| auziʒɬɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | ||
| pɔɬtaħa || pɔɬtaβam || | | pɔɬtaħa || pɔɬtaβam || xaʒɬɛħa || xajʒɬɛβam || pɛsɛħa || pɛsɛβam || auzɛɛħa || auzɛɛβam | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | ||
| pɔɬtaħa || pɔɬtaβasɛ || | | pɔɬtaħa || pɔɬtaβasɛ || xaʒɬɛħa || xaʒɬɛβasɛ || pɛsɛħa || pɛsɛβasɛ || auzɛɛħa || auzɛɛβasɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | ||
| pɔɬtaħat || pɔɬtaħant || | | pɔɬtaħat || pɔɬtaħant || xaʒɬɛħat || xaʒɬɛħant || pɛsɛħat || pɛsɛħant || auzɛɛħat || auzɛɛβant | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | ||
| pɔɬtaʒi || pɔɬtaʒɛm || | | pɔɬtaʒi || pɔɬtaʒɛm || xaʒɬəɾi || xaʒɬəɾim || pɛsiʒi || pɛsiʒimɛ || auziʒi || auziʒɛm | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | ||
| pɔɬtaβɛsti || pɔɬtaβɛstɛ || | | pɔɬtaβɛsti || pɔɬtaβɛstɛ || xaʒɬəɾɛsti || xaʒɬəɾɛstɛ || pɛsiβɛsti || pɛsiβɛstɛ || auziβɛsti || auziβɛstɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | ||
| pɔɬtaut || pɔɬtaβɛʒlənt || | | pɔɬtaut || pɔɬtaβɛʒlənt || xaʒɬəɾɛt || xaʒɬəɾɛjlənt || pɛsiʒɛt || pɛsiβɛʒlənt || auziʒɛt || auziβɛɬənt | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | ||
| | | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬa || pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬam || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬa || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬam || pɛsiʒɛʒɬa || pɛsiʒɛʒɬam || auziʒɛʒɬa || auziʒɛʒɬam | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | ||
| | | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬa || pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬasɛ || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬa || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬasɛ || pɛsiʒɛʒɬa || pɛsiʒɛʒɬasɛ || auziʒɛʒɬa || auziʒɛʒɬasɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | ||
| | | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬat || pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬant || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬat || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬant || pɛsiʒɛʒɬat || pɛsiʒɛʒɬant || auziʒɛʒɬat || auziʒɛʒɬant | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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!colspan="8"| Indicative mood, active voice, future tense | !colspan="8"| Indicative mood, active voice, future tense | ||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| xajlɛʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| pɛsɛʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| auziʒɬɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | ||
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!colspan="8"| Indicative mood, active voice, future perfect tense | !colspan="8"| Indicative mood, active voice, future perfect tense | ||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| xaʒlɛʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| pɛsɛʒɬɛ | ||
!colspan="2"| | !colspan="2"| auziʒɬɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First Person | ||
| | | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬ || pɔɬtaβɛʒɬɛm || xaʒɬəɾɛjɬ || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬɛm || pɛsɛʒɛʒɬ || pɛʒsɛʒɛʒɬɛm || auziʒɛʒɬə || auziʒɛʒɬɛm | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second Person | ||
| | | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬɛ || pɔɬtaβɛʒɬɛsɛ || xaʒɬəɾɛjɬɛ || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬɛsɛ || pɛsɛʒɛʒɬɛ || pɛsɛʒɛʒɬɛsɛ || auziʒɛʒɬɛ || auziʒɛʒɬɛsɛ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | !bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third Person | ||
| | | pɔɬtaʒɛɬɛt || pɔɬtaβɛʒɬɛnt || xaʒɬəɾɛjɬɛt || xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬɛnt || pɛsɛʒɛʒɬɛt || pɛsɛʒɛʒɬɛsɛ || auziʒɛʒɬɛt || auziʒɛʒɬɛnt | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Collaborations]] | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |||
!rowspan="3"| | |||
!colspan="8"| Subjunctive Active Present | |||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |||
!colspan="2"| pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | |||
!colspan="2"| xaʒɬɛʒɬɛ | |||
!colspan="2"| pɛsɛʒɬɛ | |||
!colspan="2"| auziʒɬɛ | |||
|- | |||
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | |||
! Singular || Plural || Singular || Plural || Singular || Plural || Singular || Plural | |||
|- | |||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | First person | |||
| pɔɬtʃa || pɔɬtem || xaʒɬʒaɾaː || xaʒɬʒaɾam || pɛsa || pɛsam || auzɛɾa || auzɛɾam | |||
|- | |||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Second person | |||
| pɔʎte || pɔɬtɛsɛ || xaʒɬʒaɾaː || xaʒɬʒaɾasɛ || pɛsa || pɛsasɛ || auzɛɾa || auzɛɾasɛ | |||
|- | |||
!bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Third person | |||
| pɔɬtet || pɔɬtʃant || xaʒɬʒaɾat || xaʒɬʒaɾant || pɛsat || pɛsant || auzɛɾat || auzɛɾant | |||
|} | |||
[[Category: Collaborations]] | |||
[[Category: Colllangs]] |
Latest revision as of 07:22, 31 January 2013
The Round Robin Romlang is a collaborative conlang founded by Kenner Gordon, inspired by the Round Robin Conlang. In the Round Robin Romlang, participants take turns adding sound changes to be applied to Latin.
More Specific Rules
Each participant takes turns adding a sound change, in the order of the Current Participants list below. No turns may be taken unless there are at least four current participants.
Participants
Current Participants
- Kenner Gordon
- Shair Ahmed
- Kelvin Jackson
- Peter Bleackley
- Calculator Ftvb
It is Kenner Gordon's turn.
Possible Participants
These people have displayed interest, but ambiguously; they may or may not actually wish to join.
- Karen Badham
- Benct Philip Jonsson
Former Participants
—
Sound Changes
Each of the "stages" below represents a full round, except the first, which is a group of sound changes from Classical Latin to approximate Vulgar Latin.
Stage 1
- a: > a
- e > ɛ
- e: > e
- i > e
- i: > i
- o > ɔ
- o: > o
- u > o
- u: > u
- y > i
- y: > i
- ai > ɛ
- oi > e
- n > Ø / _(f,v,s)
- h > Ø
- w > β
- b > β / V_(V,r)
- m > Ø / _#
- m > n / in certain monosyllabic words
- (e,i) > j / _V
- u > w / _V
- VV > V
- V > ˈV / ˈ(i,e)_
- V > ˈV / _C*ˈuV
Stage 2
- [fricative] > Ø / V_V
- n > r / V_V
- g > ɣ / V_(V, r)
- s(p,t,k) > (b,d,g)
Stage 3
- (k,g) > (ʧ,ʤ) / _(front vowel)
- s > h / #_V
- u > ʉ
- a > æ / _[+anterior]
- e > ɞ
Stage 4
- i > ʉ
- ɛ > æ
- [single stop] > [fricative] / (V, r, l)_V
- β > h / _(unstressed vowel)
- l > ʎ
Stage 5
- j > ʎ
- (kw, gw) > (p, b)
- o > u
- (ˈʉ,ˈɞ) > (ˈy,ˈœ)
- u > ɯ
Stage 6
- a > ɑ / #_
- ɣ > v
- ɔ > ɤ
- (ʉ,ɞ,a) >∅ / _[+sonorant]
- ʎ > ʎ̥˔
Stage 7
- s > Ø / _#
- [alveolar]r > [retroflex]
- [geminate consonant] > [single consonant]
- (y,œ) > (i,ɛ) / [-labial]_[-labial]
- r > ʟ
Stage 8
- ʟ > l
- h > ħ / _a
- h > ç / _[front vowel]
- (ʉ,ɞ) > (u, ɔ)
- ɑ > ɒ
Stage 9
- l > ʎ > ʎ̥˔
- h > Ø
- (ɯ, ɤ) > (ɨ, ɜ)
- VV > VɾV
- u > ʏ
Stage 10
- ɨ > ə
- ɜ > ʌ
- ɔ > o
- ʎ̥˔ > çl > _V
- ø > ɵ
Stage 11
- æ > ja
- ə > ∅ /_#
- ç > j / V_[voiced consonant, V}
- ʎ̥˔ > lç > V_
- ʌ > ɔ
Stage 12
- back vowel > front vowel / #_
- (çl, lç) > ɬ
- tj, dj > ʧ, ʤ
- ɾj > l
- ja > ɛ
Stage 13
- ʧ ʤ > ʃ ʒ
- ʃ > x / #_
- j, jj > ʒ
- f > θ / _[-round]
- l > ɬ
Stage 14
- θ f v > t p b /#_
- ɫʒ, ʒɫ > ɮ
- ə > Ø / [unstressed]
- t d > θ ð
- ʈ ɖ > tt l / V_V
- ʈ ɖ > t d otherwise
- ɮ > ɬ̢
Proposals
Perhaps we could allow people to do grammatical changes (i.e. "Syntax changes to V2", "Nominative becomes ergative and accusative becomes absolutive", etc.) instead of sound changes if they wish. DCliche 23:56, 9 March 2010 (UTC)
- I've taken the liberty of posting conjugation and declension tables so that we may see what peoposed grammatical changes may be based on. Kicgan Vekei 17:10, 10 March 2010 (UTC)
- Based on what the sounds changes have produced, I think these changes, at the very least, have happened:
- Elimination of ablative case in both nouns and pronouns
- Elimination of accusative case in nouns, but keeping it in pronouns
- Merging dative case with genitive in nouns
- Merging ɛ, æa, ɛd with ɛk, æk, ɤk
- Elimination of vocative case in nouns and pronouns
What think ye? Kicgan Vekei 19:36, 11 March 2010 (UTC)
Sounds good; what would the new dato-genitive case be called, though? DCliche 20:12, 13 March 2010 (UTC)
The dato-genitive case would probably be called "indirect."
What about the verbs?
I'm working on those right now, actually. Once I'm done I'll put up a list of proposals. Kicgan Vekei 22:47, 14 March 2010 (UTC)
- I'm not quite done yet, but I suggest that ħ spread among all imperfect endings and ç spread among all perfect endings by analogy. What think ye? Kicgan Vekei 03:16, 15 March 2010 (UTC)
- Makes sense. DCliche 19:27, 19 March 2010 (UTC)
The phonology should solidify sometime within the next few rounds, so that we can get a good idea of what the grammar is becoming.
Declension
pəɛʒɬa girl f. | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | pəɛʒɬa | pəɛʒɬʒa |
Indirect | pəɛʒɬʒa | pəɛʒɬaɬ |
kamp field m. | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | kamp | kampi |
Indirect | kampi | kampəʒɬ |
ɬɛk, ɬɛvɛ king m. | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | ɬɛk | ɬɛvɛ |
Indirect | ɬɛvɛ | ɬɛv |
maʒl hand f. | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | maʒɬ | maʒɬi |
Indirect | maʒɬi | man |
ɬɛ thing f. | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | ɬɛ | ɬɛ |
Indirect | ɬʒai | ɬɛʒl |
First Person | Second Person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
ɛvɛ I m. and f. |
nə we m. and f. |
ty thou m. and f. |
βə ye m. and f. | |
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | ɛvɛ | nə | ti | βə |
Genitive | mʒai | nɛsʈ | təi | βesʈ |
Dative | mi | nəʒi | tɛʒɛ | βəʒi |
Accusative | mɛ | nə | tɛ | βə |
—, əi himself, herself itself, oneself, themselves | |
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Nominative | — |
Genitive | əi |
Dative | çɛʒɛ |
Accusative | çɛ |
pja who? m. and f. |
pɛd what? n. only | |
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Singular | ||
Nominative | pa | pɛd |
Genitive | xiʒɬ | xiʒɬ |
Dative | kəʒa | kəʒa |
Accusative | pɛn | pɛd |
ɛk, ɛk, ɛk this, this one |
ɛjlɛ, ɛjla, ɛjləd that, that one | |||||||||||
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Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | ɛk | i | ɛk | ɛ | ɛk | ɛk | ɛʒɬɛ | ɛʒɬi | ɛʒɬa | eʒɬɛ | ɛʒɬəd | ɛʒɬa |
Genitive | əʒɬ | əʒɬ | əʒɬ | ɒjɬ | əʒɬ | əʒɬ | ɛʒɬi | ɛʒɬəʒɬ | ɛjɬi | eʒɬaʒɬ | ɛʒɬi | ɛʒɬəʒɬ |
Dative | əɛk | i | əɛk | i | əɛk | i | ɛʒli | ɛʒɬi | ɛʒɬi | ɛʒɬi | ɛʒɬi | ɛʒɬi |
Accusative | ənk | ə | ɒnk | ɒ | ɛk | ɛk | ɛʒɬ | ɛʒɬ | ɛʒɬa | ɒʒɬa | ɒʒɬəd | ɛʒɬa |
Relative pronouns
pi, pɛɛ, pəd who, which, that | ||||||
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Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | pi | pi | pɛ | pɛ | pəd | pɛ |
Genitive | xiʒl | pəʒɬ | xiʒɬ | paʒl | xiʒɬ | pəʒɬ |
Dative | kəɛ | pi | kəɛ | pi | kəɛ | pi |
Accusative | pɛn | pə | pan | pa | pod | pɛ |
Conjugation
Indicative mood, active voice, present tense | ||||||||
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pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | xaʒlɛʒɬɛ | pɛsɛʒɬɛ | auziʒɬɛ | |||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
First Person | pɔɬt | pɔɬtam | xaʒɬɛɾ | xaʒɬɛm | pɛs | pɛsim | auzɛɾ | auzim |
Second Person | pɔɬta | pɔɬtasɛ | xaʒɬɛ | xaʒɬɛsɛ | pɛsɛ | pɛsɛsɛ | auzi | auzisɛ |
Third Person | pɔɬtat | pɔɬtant | xaʒɬɛt | xaʒɬɛnt | pɛsɛt | pɛsint | auzɛt | auzɛənt |
Indicative mood, active voice, imperfect tense | ||||||||
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pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | xaçlɛʒɬɛ | pɛsɛʒɬɛ | auziʒɬɛ | |||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
First Person | pɔɬtaħa | pɔɬtaβam | xaʒɬɛħa | xajʒɬɛβam | pɛsɛħa | pɛsɛβam | auzɛɛħa | auzɛɛβam |
Second Person | pɔɬtaħa | pɔɬtaβasɛ | xaʒɬɛħa | xaʒɬɛβasɛ | pɛsɛħa | pɛsɛβasɛ | auzɛɛħa | auzɛɛβasɛ |
Third Person | pɔɬtaħat | pɔɬtaħant | xaʒɬɛħat | xaʒɬɛħant | pɛsɛħat | pɛsɛħant | auzɛɛħat | auzɛɛβant |
Indicative mood, active voice, perfect tense | ||||||||
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pɔɬtaβɛsɛ | xaʒləɾɛsɛ | pɛtɛβɛsɛ | auzɛβɛsɛ | |||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
First Person | pɔɬtaʒi | pɔɬtaʒɛm | xaʒɬəɾi | xaʒɬəɾim | pɛsiʒi | pɛsiʒimɛ | auziʒi | auziʒɛm |
Second Person | pɔɬtaβɛsti | pɔɬtaβɛstɛ | xaʒɬəɾɛsti | xaʒɬəɾɛstɛ | pɛsiβɛsti | pɛsiβɛstɛ | auziβɛsti | auziβɛstɛ |
Third Person | pɔɬtaut | pɔɬtaβɛʒlənt | xaʒɬəɾɛt | xaʒɬəɾɛjlənt | pɛsiʒɛt | pɛsiβɛʒlənt | auziʒɛt | auziβɛɬənt |
Indicative mood, active voice, pluperfect tense | ||||||||
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pɔɬtaβɛsɛ | xajləɾɛsɛ | pɛsɛβɛsɛ | auzɛβɛsɛ | |||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
First Person | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬa | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬam | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬa | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬam | pɛsiʒɛʒɬa | pɛsiʒɛʒɬam | auziʒɛʒɬa | auziʒɛʒɬam |
Second Person | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬa | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬasɛ | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬa | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬasɛ | pɛsiʒɛʒɬa | pɛsiʒɛʒɬasɛ | auziʒɛʒɬa | auziʒɛʒɬasɛ |
Third Person | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬat | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬant | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬat | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬant | pɛsiʒɛʒɬat | pɛsiʒɛʒɬant | auziʒɛʒɬat | auziʒɛʒɬant |
Indicative mood, active voice, future tense | ||||||||
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pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | xajlɛʒɬɛ | pɛsɛʒɬɛ | auziʒɬɛ | |||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
First Person | pɔɬtaɾ | pɔɬtaɾɛm | xaʒlɛɾ | xaʒlɛɾɛm | pɛsa | pɛsɛm | auzɛɾa | auzɛɾɛm |
Second Person | pɔɬtaɾɛ | pɔɬtaɾɛsɛ | xaʒlɛɾɛ | xaʒlɛɾɛsɛ | pɛsɛ | pɛsɛsɛ | auzɛɾɛ | auzɛɾɛsɛ |
Third Person | pɔɬtaɾɛt | pɔɬtaɾənt | xaʒlɛɾɛt | xaʒlɛɾənt | pɛsʒat | pɛsʒant | auzɛɾɛt | auzɛɾɛnt |
Indicative mood, active voice, future perfect tense | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | xaʒlɛʒɬɛ | pɛsɛʒɬɛ | auziʒɬɛ | |||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
First Person | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬ | pɔɬtaβɛʒɬɛm | xaʒɬəɾɛjɬ | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬɛm | pɛsɛʒɛʒɬ | pɛʒsɛʒɛʒɬɛm | auziʒɛʒɬə | auziʒɛʒɬɛm |
Second Person | pɔɬtaʒɛʒɬɛ | pɔɬtaβɛʒɬɛsɛ | xaʒɬəɾɛjɬɛ | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬɛsɛ | pɛsɛʒɛʒɬɛ | pɛsɛʒɛʒɬɛsɛ | auziʒɛʒɬɛ | auziʒɛʒɬɛsɛ |
Third Person | pɔɬtaʒɛɬɛt | pɔɬtaβɛʒɬɛnt | xaʒɬəɾɛjɬɛt | xaʒɬəɾɛʒɬɛnt | pɛsɛʒɛʒɬɛt | pɛsɛʒɛʒɬɛsɛ | auziʒɛʒɬɛt | auziʒɛʒɬɛnt |
Subjunctive Active Present | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pɔɬtaʒɬɛ | xaʒɬɛʒɬɛ | pɛsɛʒɬɛ | auziʒɬɛ | |||||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
First person | pɔɬtʃa | pɔɬtem | xaʒɬʒaɾaː | xaʒɬʒaɾam | pɛsa | pɛsam | auzɛɾa | auzɛɾam |
Second person | pɔʎte | pɔɬtɛsɛ | xaʒɬʒaɾaː | xaʒɬʒaɾasɛ | pɛsa | pɛsasɛ | auzɛɾa | auzɛɾasɛ |
Third person | pɔɬtet | pɔɬtʃant | xaʒɬʒaɾat | xaʒɬʒaɾant | pɛsat | pɛsant | auzɛɾat | auzɛɾant |