Manner of articulation: Difference between revisions
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="1"| Broad category | |||
! colspan="1"| Manner of articulation | |||
! colspan="2"| Subtypes | |||
! colspan="1"| Examples | |||
! colspan="1"| Phonological character | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="4" colspan="1"| [[Stop]] | |||
| rowspan="1" colspan="3"| [[Nasal]] stop | |||
| [[Bilabial nasal|m]], [[Alveolar nasal|n]], [[Velar nasal|ŋ]] | |||
| rowspan="2"| [[Sonorant]] | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" colspan="1"| [[Plosive]] | |||
| colspan="2"| [[Implosive]] | |||
| [[Bilabial implosive|ɓ]], [[Alveolar implosive|ɗ]], [[Velar implosive|ɠ]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| Explosive | |||
| [[Voiceless bilabial stop|p]], [[Voiced bilabial stop|b]], [[Voiceless alveolar stop|t]], [[Voiced alveolar stop|d]], [[Voiceless velar stop|k]], [[Voiced velar stop|g]], [[Voiced uvular stop|q]], [[Glottal stop|ʔ]] | |||
| rowspan="7"| [[Obstruent]] | | rowspan="7"| [[Obstruent]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="1" colspan=" | | rowspan="1" colspan="3"| [[Affricate]] | ||
| [[Voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate|ts]], [[Voiced alveolar sibilant affricate|dz]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=" | | rowspan="10"| [[Continuant]] | ||
| rowspan="5"| [[Fricative]] | | rowspan="5"| [[Fricative]] | ||
| rowspan="2"| [[Sibilant]] | | rowspan="2"| [[Sibilant]] | ||
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| [[Voiceless bilabial fricative|ɸ]], [[Voiced bilabial fricative|β]], [[Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative|ɬ]], [[Voiced alveolar lateral fricative|ɮ]], [[Voiceless velar fricative|x]], [[Voiced velar fricative|ɣ]] | | [[Voiceless bilabial fricative|ɸ]], [[Voiced bilabial fricative|β]], [[Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative|ɬ]], [[Voiced alveolar lateral fricative|ɮ]], [[Voiceless velar fricative|x]], [[Voiced velar fricative|ɣ]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=" | | rowspan="3"| [[Approximant]] | ||
| rowspan="1"| | | rowspan="1" colspan="2"| [[Semivowel]] || [[Palatal approximant|j]], [[Velar approximant|ɰ]], [[Labial-velar approximant|w]] | ||
| | | rowspan="5"| [[Sonorant]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | colspan="2"| "Approximant spirant" | ||
| [[Labiodental approximant|ʋ]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3"|[[Liquid]] | | rowspan="3"|[[Liquid]] | ||
| rowspan="1"| | | rowspan="1"| Approximant liquid | ||
| [[Alveolar approximant|ɹ]], [[Retroflex approximant|ɻ]], [[Alveolar lateral approximant|l]], [[Retroflex lateral approximant|ɭ]] | | [[Alveolar approximant|ɹ]], [[Retroflex approximant|ɻ]], [[Alveolar lateral approximant|l]], [[Retroflex lateral approximant|ɭ]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 50: | Line 62: | ||
| [[Labiodental flap|{{B\}}]], [[Alveolar flap|ɾ]], [[Retroflex flap|ɽ]], [[Alveolar lateral flap|ɺ]] | | [[Labiodental flap|{{B\}}]], [[Alveolar flap|ɾ]], [[Retroflex flap|ɽ]], [[Alveolar lateral flap|ɺ]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
The fricative sub-classification can be also applied to affricates. | |||
'''[[Nasal]]ity''', '''[[lateral]]ity''', '''[[click]]ness''' etc. are, technically, largely independant of this scheme. Note however that nasal are usually stops, and that laterals are most commonly approximant liquids. | |||
{{Phonetics and Phonology}} | |||
Latest revision as of 12:22, 3 November 2012
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| Broad category | Manner of articulation | Subtypes | Examples | Phonological character | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | Nasal stop | m, n, ŋ | Sonorant | ||
| Plosive | Implosive | ɓ, ɗ, ɠ | |||
| Explosive | p, b, t, d, k, g, q, ʔ | Obstruent | |||
| Affricate | ts, dz | ||||
| Continuant | Fricative | Sibilant | "Sharp" | s, z | |
| "Shibilant" | ʃ, ʒ, ʂ, ʐ | ||||
| Spirant | Strident | f, v, χ, ʁ, ʜ, ʢ | |||
| "Thibilant" | θ, ð, ɹ̝ | ||||
| Other | ɸ, β, ɬ, ɮ, x, ɣ | ||||
| Approximant | Semivowel | j, ɰ, w | Sonorant | ||
| "Approximant spirant" | ʋ | ||||
| Liquid | Approximant liquid | ɹ, ɻ, l, ɭ | |||
| Vibrant | Trill | ʙ, r, ʀ | |||
| Tap, Flap | [[Labiodental flap|Template:B\]], ɾ, ɽ, ɺ | ||||
The fricative sub-classification can be also applied to affricates.
Nasality, laterality, clickness etc. are, technically, largely independant of this scheme. Note however that nasal are usually stops, and that laterals are most commonly approximant liquids.
| This article is part of a series on Phonetics and Phonology. Affricate * Allophone * Aspiration * Bilabial consonant * Buccal * Coronal consonant * Dental consonant * Fricative * Heng * Manner of articulation * Obligatory Contour Principle * Palatalization-split * Phoneme * Phoneme hole * Phonological feature * Rhotacism * Spirant * Stop * Syllable structure * Velar consonant * * |
