P-Noric: Difference between revisions
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A [[Noric]] language. | A [[Noric]] language. Right now, the page and language is in a very volatile state. | ||
==Phonology== | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| | |||
| || Labial || Alveolar || Postalveolar || Palatal || Velar || Glottal | |||
|- | |||
| Stops, voiceless | |||
| '''*p''' || '''*t''' || || || '''*k''' || '''*q''' [ʔ] | |||
|- | |||
| Stops, voiced | |||
| '''*b''' || '''*d''' || || || '''*g''' || | |||
|- | |||
| Stops, aspirated | |||
| '''*ph''' [pʰ] || '''*th''' [tʰ] || || || '''*kh''' [kʰ] || | |||
|- | |||
| Affricates, voiceless | |||
| || '''*c''' [ts] || '''*č''' [tʃ] || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Affricates, voiced | |||
| || '''*dz''' || '''*ǰ''' [dʒ] || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Affricates, aspirated | |||
| || '''*c' ''' [tsʰ] || '''*č' ''' [tʃʰ] || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Fricatives, voiceless | |||
| || '''*s''' || '''*š''' [ʃ] || || || '''*h''' | |||
|- | |||
| Fricatives, voiced | |||
| || '''*z''' || '''*ž''' [ʒ] || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Nasals | |||
| '''*m''' || '''*n''' || || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Liquids | |||
| || '''*l,*r''' || || || || | |||
|- | |||
| Glides | |||
| '''*w''' || || || '''*j''' || || | |||
|} | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
'''a''' /a/, '''ae''' /ɛ/, '''ai''' /aj/, '''ao''' /aw/, '''aw''' /ɔ/, '''e''', '''i''', '''o''', '''u''', '''y''' /ə/ | |||
==Sound Changes== | |||
Before stress: | Before stress: | ||
a: > aa | a: > aa | ||
| Line 19: | Line 64: | ||
aa > a3 | aa > a3 | ||
On or after stress: | On or after stress: | ||
a: > 3a | a: > 3a | ||
e: > | e: > ɛ | ||
i: > ji | i: > ji | ||
o: > | o: > ɔ | ||
u: > wu | u: > wu | ||
Anywhere: | Anywhere: | ||
3h > 3 | 3h > 3 | ||
| Line 48: | Line 93: | ||
? > C[+v][=POA][+stop] / # _ {V,R} | ? > C[+v][=POA][+stop] / # _ {V,R} | ||
R > C[+v][=POA][+stop] / | R > C[+v][=POA][+stop] / R _ R | ||
The symbol "3" becomes the location of the pitch accent. Syllables before the accent are low tone, syllables including and after the accent are high tone. Depending on where in a diphthong the accent falls, diphthongs may also be rising tone, shown with a caron. | |||
âêîôû | |||
áéíóú | |||
čšž | |||
Some words, including a new romanization: | |||
`wîlô > wjiláu (More work required here for sure) > wyjláo (?) Maybe /Ojlaw/? | |||
`âdâ > áda | |||
qê`na > daina | |||
iw`ka > iwka > üka | |||
`qotse > doce | |||
`wûdxa > wwúdxa > wúdža (?) | |||
tsha:'xo > ts_ha3Zo > ts_haZ3o > tsha_L.Zo_H |c'ažó| | |||
'qu:tsy > ?wuts)1 > bwuts)_L |bwuc| | |||
'a:nru: > 3anrwu > 3andwu > an_H.dwu_H |ándwu| (syllable break position?) | |||
e:'he > a3ihe > a_M.i_H.he_M > aj_R.he_H |ǎihe| | |||
'a:re > 3are > a_H.re_H |áre| | |||
qa'tca > ?atSa > da_LtSa_L |dača| | |||
o:'na > a3una > |ǎona| /aw_R.na_H/ | |||
aw'ku > awku > |aoku| /aw_L.ku_L/ | |||
'a:ko: > 3akO > |ákaw| /a_H.kO_H/ | |||
qa:'da: > ?a3d3a > dad3a > |dadá| /da_L.da_H/ | |||
[[Category:Noric]] | |||
[[Category:LLL]] | |||
Latest revision as of 07:36, 3 June 2005
A Noric language. Right now, the page and language is in a very volatile state.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
| Stops, voiceless | *p | *t | *k | *q [ʔ] | ||
| Stops, voiced | *b | *d | *g | |||
| Stops, aspirated | *ph [pʰ] | *th [tʰ] | *kh [kʰ] | |||
| Affricates, voiceless | *c [ts] | *č [tʃ] | ||||
| Affricates, voiced | *dz | *ǰ [dʒ] | ||||
| Affricates, aspirated | *c' [tsʰ] | *č' [tʃʰ] | ||||
| Fricatives, voiceless | *s | *š [ʃ] | *h | |||
| Fricatives, voiced | *z | *ž [ʒ] | ||||
| Nasals | *m | *n | ||||
| Liquids | *l,*r | |||||
| Glides | *w | *j |
Vowels
a /a/, ae /ɛ/, ai /aj/, ao /aw/, aw /ɔ/, e, i, o, u, y /ə/
Sound Changes
Before stress:
a: > aa
e > ai
e: > aai
o > au
o: > aau
aa > a3
On or after stress:
a: > 3a
e: > ɛ
i: > ji
o: > ɔ
u: > wu
Anywhere:
3h > 3
_h3 > 0
3C > C3
33 > 3
? > C[+v][=POA][+stop] / # _ {V,R}
R > C[+v][=POA][+stop] / R _ R
The symbol "3" becomes the location of the pitch accent. Syllables before the accent are low tone, syllables including and after the accent are high tone. Depending on where in a diphthong the accent falls, diphthongs may also be rising tone, shown with a caron.
âêîôû
áéíóú
čšž
Some words, including a new romanization:
`wîlô > wjiláu (More work required here for sure) > wyjláo (?) Maybe /Ojlaw/?
`âdâ > áda
qê`na > daina
iw`ka > iwka > üka
`qotse > doce
`wûdxa > wwúdxa > wúdža (?)
tsha:'xo > ts_ha3Zo > ts_haZ3o > tsha_L.Zo_H |c'ažó|
'qu:tsy > ?wuts)1 > bwuts)_L |bwuc|
'a:nru: > 3anrwu > 3andwu > an_H.dwu_H |ándwu| (syllable break position?)
e:'he > a3ihe > a_M.i_H.he_M > aj_R.he_H |ǎihe|
'a:re > 3are > a_H.re_H |áre|
qa'tca > ?atSa > da_LtSa_L |dača|
o:'na > a3una > |ǎona| /aw_R.na_H/
aw'ku > awku > |aoku| /aw_L.ku_L/
'a:ko: > 3akO > |ákaw| /a_H.kO_H/
qa:'da: > ?a3d3a > dad3a > |dadá| /da_L.da_H/
