Senjecas linguistics

Pronunciation table

peműko (labial)								riisűko (dental)								muitűko (alveolar)								vainűko (palatal)							ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ı	ɛ	y
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै पे पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Notes

1. cpd = a compound of two or more roots, e.g., ðééa, in place of, + fe̋e̋to, noun = ðeefe̋e̋to, pronoun.
2. drv = a word derived from a root, e.g., sa̋m̃o, word, < sa̋m̃a, t.v. speak.
3. pol = a word with a different, but related sense to an original word, e.g., te̋na, tense < te̋na, time
4. These words are not numbered, as only original roots are numbered
5. Words in red indicate a feature that does not occur in Senjecas.

Punctuation - bőþra बो॓थ्र

• drv botı̋d̨a, punctuate [< bőto, point].
• cpd boþne̋uo, punctuation mark [bőto, point; ne̋uo, sign].
• cpd deusbőto, period (:) [de̋usa, t.v. stop].
• cpd d̬obőto, colon [d̬ő, two].
• cpd meinbőto, clause hyphen (—) [me̋ino, thought].
• cpd meþbőto, question mark [me̋ta, t.v. ask].
• cpd m̃iibőto, interpunct (·) [m̃ı̋ı̋i, adj. separate].
• cpd ƣeðbőto, prefix hyphen (-) [ƣe̋ða, t.v. join].
• cpd tirbőto, paragraph end (⁝) [tı̋r, three].
• cpd żaarbőto, exclamation point [ża̋a̋ra, t.v. exclaim].
• cpd żóxd̬obőto, semicolon [żóku, almost; d̬ő, two].

Affixes - evse̋gos एभ्से॓गोस्

• cpd ense̋go, infix [éna, postp. in; se̋ga, t.v. fasten].
• cpd fas̈a̋m̃o, clitic [fa̋sa, t.v. depend on; sa̋m̃o, word].
• cpd n̨oofse̋go, prefix [n̨óópa, postp. before].
• cpd pos̈e̋go, suffix [pósa, postp. after].
• cpd þolse̋go, circumfix [þóla, postp. on both sides].

Parts of speech - sam̃fa̋a̋ȝos सम़्फा॓योस्

• cpd ðeefe̋e̋to, pronoun
  • cpd altósðeefe̋e̋to, indefinite pronoun.
  • cpd anánðeefe̋e̋to, reciprocal pronoun.
  • cpd déisðeefe̋e̋to, demonstrative pronoun.
  • cpd hómðeefe̋e̋to, personal pronoun.
  • cpd m̃álðeefe̋e̋to, intensive pronoun.
  • cpd náánðeefe̋e̋to, reflexive pronoun.
  • cpd úð̤eefe̋e̋to, possessive pronoun.
• pol fe̋e̋to, noun, substantive [< fe̋e̋ta, t.v. name].
  • cpd ál̤uxfe̋e̋to, mass noun.
  • cpd altaƣfe̋e̋to, abstract noun.
  • cpd lezfe̋e̋to, collective noun.
  • cpd luxfe̋e̋to, count noun.
  • cpd m̃exfe̋e̋to, concrete noun.
  • cpd koinfe̋e̋to, common noun.
  • cpd šeeðfe̋e̋to, proper noun.
• cpd (fe̋e̋þ)gansa̋m̃|o, adjective; -i, adj. adjectival.
  • drv še̋e̋ðm̃i, adj. attributive.
  • drv m̃a̋iþi, adj. predicative.
• cpd ȝoorsa̋m̃o, expletive.
• cpd ȝovsa̋m̃o, adposition.
  • cpd ensa̋m̃o, inposition.
  • cpd n̨oofsa̋m̃o, preposition.
  • cpd pos̈a̋m̃o, postposition.
  • cpd þolsa̋m̃o, circumposition.
• drv ka̋a̋to, verb [< ka̋a̋ta, i.v. assert].
  • cpd aska̋a̋to, transitive verb.
  • cpd álaska̋a̋to, intransitive verb.
  • cpd d̬ígaamsa̋m̃o, participle.
    • cpd kid̬ígaamsa̋m̃o, active participle.
    • cpd peed̬ígaamsa̋m̃o, passive participle.
  • cpd fym̃uka̋a̋to, infinitive.
  • cpd kaaþfe̋e̋to, supine.
  • cpd ƣeðka̋a̋to, copula.
  • cpd reeƣka̋a̋to, auxiliary verb.
• cpd kaaþga̋nlo, adverb; -i, adj. adverbial.
• cpd ƣeðsa̋m̃o, conjunction.
  • cpd fásƣeðsa̋m̃o, subordinating conjunction.
  • cpd ȝémƣeðsa̋m̃o, correlative conjunction.
  • cpd párƣeðsa̋m̃o, co-ordinating conjunction.
• cpd rexsa̋m̃o, determiner.
• cpd sa̋m̃ko, particle.
  • cpd m̃iisa̋m̃ko, disjunctive particle.
  • cpd ánvaasa̋m̃ko, quotative particle.
• cpd tevsa̋m̃o, article.
  • drv tősi, adj. definite.
  • drv altősi, adj. indefinite.

Grammar - ȝexre̋e̋ȝos येखरै॓योस

• cpd a̋ṡaþo, object.
• pol de̋iṡi, adj. demonstrative [< de̋iṡa, t.v. demonstrate].
• cpd ðééfeetőȝanti, adj. prodrop.
• pol ðe̋r̈a, mood [< ðe̋r̈a, attitude].
  • alnesðe̋r̈a, subjunctive mood.
  • eevðe̋r̈a, imperative mood.
  • kisðe̋r̈a, indicative mood.
• pol fa̋si, adj. subordinate, dependent [< fa̋sa, t.v. depend on].
  • fastőso, clause.
• pol fűlo, root [< fűla, t.v. root].
• pol ȝe̋þra, voice [< ȝe̋ta, t.v. relate to].
  • kiȝe̋þra, active voice.
  • peeȝe̋þra, passive voice.
• pol ȝővta, apposition [< ȝőba, t.v. approach].
  • ȝovsa̋m̃=o, appositive; =i, adj. appositive.
• afx kı̋|lu, subject [< kı̋a, t.v. do; -lu, agent suffix]; al~, null-subject. -si, adj. indicative.
• pol le̋żo, gender [< le̋żo, category].
  • ǧe̋nm̃i, adj. feminine.
  • m̃e̋xm̃i, adj. neuter.
  • m̃ı̋ı̋rm̃i, adj. masculine.
• pol lűxra, number [< lűxra, enumeration].
  • d̬olűxri, adj. dual.
  • meelűxri, adj. plural.
  • þunlűxri, adj. singular.
• pol ne̋uda, case [< ne̋udo, function].
  • ðeene̋uda, genitive case [ðe̋e̋a, t.v. locate].
  • feeþne̋uda, nominative case [fe̋e̋ta, t.v. name].
  • ham̃ne̋uda, vocative case [ha̋m̃a, t.v. call].
  • ȝaane̋uda, accusative case [ȝa̋a̋a, t.v. move].
• pol nőőra, aspect [< nőőra, view].
  • álþuxnőőa, imperfective aspect.
  • avnőőa, prospective aspect.
  • deusnőőa, terminative aspect.
  • f̨uuðnőőa, causative aspect.
  • mem̃nőőa, progressive/continuous aspect.
  • m̃esnőőa, desiderative aspect.
  • nevnőőa, recent perfective aspect.
  • seernőőa, frequentative aspect.
  • šan̈őőa, inclinational aspect.
  • šeðnőőa, habitual aspect.
  • toðnőőa, inceptive aspect.
  • þuxnőőa, perfective aspect.
  • vuumnőőa, debitive aspect.
• cpd parsa̋m̃o, correlative word [pa̋ra, t.v. correspond; sa̋m̃o, word].
• pol te̋na, tense [< te̋na, time].
  • imte̋na, present imperfective tense.
  • feste̋na, past imperfective tense.
  • poste̋na, future imperfective tense.
  • ímþuxte̋na, present perfect tense.
  • fésþuxte̋na, past perfect tense.
  • pósþuxte̋na, future perfect tense.

Manner of articulation - šenmőőda स्वेन्मौ॓द

• cpd ȝovše̋no, approximant.
• cpd keðše̋no, guttural
• pol mőőv|a, t.v. lenite -ra, lenition [< mőőva, t.v. soften].
• cpd muiþše̋no, alveolar.
• cpd naš̤e̋no, nasal.
• cpd pax|še̋no, stop, plosive, occlusive. -tiirše̋no, affricate.
• cpd pemše̋n|o, labial; d̬í~, bilabial. -kı̋ra, labialization.
• cpd piilše̋no, tap, flap.
• cpd riiš̤e̋no, dental.
• cpd serše̋no, sonorant.
• cpd ṡiš̤e̋no, sibilant.
• cpd ṡuš̤e̋no, trill.
• cpd tiirše̋no, fricative, spirant.
• cpd vainše̋n|o, palatal; -kı̋ra, palatalization.

Syntax - m̃aiþrĕb̨őra म़इथ्रऺब्यो॓र

• pol m̃a̋iþ|ro, sentence; meþ~, interrogative sentence [< m̃a̋iþa, i.v. declare]. -i, adj. predicate, predicative.
• cpd m̃ı̋ı̋o ȝe̋ko, absolute construction [m̃ı̋ı̋a, t.v. separate; ȝe̋ko, phrase].

Diacritics - goine̋uo गोइने॓उओ

• cpd ȝemne̋uo, diaeresis [ȝe̋ma, t.v. pair; ne̋uo, sign].
• pol m̃e̋ho मे॓हो, caron [< m̃e̋ho, wedge].
• cpd pemne̋uo, caron [pe̋mo, lip; ne̋uo, sign].
• cpd piðne̋uo, macron [pı̋ða, t.v. lengthen; ne̋uo, sign].
• afx pőɫko, ogonek [< pőɫo, tail; -ko, diminutive suffix].
• cpd šen̈e̋uo, accent mark [še̋no, tone; ne̋uo, sign].
  • d̬ók̨orne̋uo, secondary accent mark (double acute).
  • þűnk̨orne̋uo, primary accent mark (acute).
• cpd simne̋uo, tilde [sı̋ma, t.v. whisper; ne̋uo, sign].
• cpd ufbőto, dot above [úpa, postp. above; bőto, dot].
• cpd vain̈e̋uo, retroflex hook [va̋ino, palate; ne̋uo, sign].

Phonology - sám̃šensa̋a̋r̈a स॔म़्स़वोन्सा॓र्र

• cpd šenha̋ira, syncope [še̋no, sound; ha̋ȝa, t.v. lose].
• cpd šenm̃őőƣra, epenthesis [še̋no, sound; m̃őőga, t.v. add on].
• cpd šenőőnta, accent [še̋no, sound; őőnta, height].
• cpd šenőira, elision [še̋no, sound; őȝa, t.v. take away].

Miscellany - kaþı̋ȝa कथि॓य

• cpd boðše̋no, consonant [bődo, body; še̋no, sound].
• cpd d̬iše̋no, diphthong [d̬i-, two; še̋no, sound].
• pol lőȝo, diminutive [< lőȝa, i.v. reduce].
• cpd ruunpa̋fra, alphabet [rűűno, letter; pa̋fa, t.v. put in order].
• drv sa̋m̃|o, word [< sa̋m̃a, speak]; -pafn̨a̋ro, syllabary; -pa̋fra, word order [pa̋fa, t.v. put in order]; -pűl=o, syllable [pűla, t.v. divide]; =ı̋d̨a, syllabify; =ı̋dıra, syllabification; =m̃i, adj. syllabic; =pı̋ðo, mora [pı̋ða, t.v. lengthen]; -šensa̋a̋r̈a, phonetics [še̋no, sound; sa̋a̋ra, t.v. know]; -te̋iðra , semantics [te̋iða, t.v. mean]; -zinsa̋a̋r̈a, morphology [zı̋na, t.v. form].
• 001 sűű|a, 1 t.v. decline, inflect, conjugate 2 i.v. inflect, conjugate; -ra, declension, inflection, conjugation.
• pol sűűþra, deixis [< sűűta, t.v. show].
• cpd šen|me̋iþra, intonation [še̋no, sound; me̋iþa, t.v. change]; -mesa̋a̋r̈a, prosody [me̋a, t.v. measure; sa̋a̋ra, t.v. know]; -þűno, phoneme [þűno, unit].
• cpd ṡ̨uuše̋no, vowel [<ṡ̨űűu, soul; še̋no, sound].
• pol ta̋a̋ȝa, t.v. parse [< ta̋a̋ȝa, t.v. analyze].
• cpd t̨óóltarne̋xaþo, calque. [t̨őőla, t.v. reflect; tarne̋xa, t.v. translate].

Sound chart - šenrı̋ı̋nmo स्वेनरी॓न्मो

• cpd peműko, first row of graphemes (labials).
• cpd riis̈űko, second row of graphemes (dentals).
• cpd muitűko, third row of graphemes (alveolars).
• cpd vainűko, fourth row of graphemes (palatals).
• cpd ṡ̨úúšenűko, fifth row of graphemes (vowels).