Fudasi: Phonology: Difference between revisions

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==Introduction==
*The Nemuti are divided into two nations, one north of the jungle and one south of the jungle. They speak the same language but there are some differences in their pronunciations. The following tables set out the these two different pronunciations.
==Nemuti Phonology==
===Table of Phonemes===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1300px;"
! MOA
! colspan="3" | nasals
|
! colspan="6" | stops
|
! colspan="3" | sibilants
|
! colspan="2" | fricatives
|
! colspan="1" | tap
|
! colspan="3" | affricates
|
! colspan="2" | approximants
|
! colspan="5" | vowels
|-
! IPA
| <center>/m/</center>
| /n/
| /ŋ/
!
| /p/
| /b/
| /t/
| /d/
| /k/ 
| /g/
!
| /s/ (/θ/)
| /z/ (/ð/)
| /ʃ/
!
| /ɸ/
| /h/
!
| /ɾ/ (/ʁ/)
!
| /ʦ/
| /ʧ/
| /ʤ/ 
!
| /j/
| /w/
!
| /i/
| /e/
| /ä/
| /o/
| /u/ (/ɯ/)
|-
! Latin
| m
| n
| ŋ
!
| p
| b
| t
| d
| k 
| g
!
| s
| z
| x
!
| f
| h
!
| r
!
| ṡ
| ċ
| j 
!
| y
| w
!
| i
| e
| a
| o
| u
|-
! Nemuti
| Γ
| F
| E
!
| T
| Ŧ
| Ⴙ
| Ⴌ
| Ⴈ
| ꟻ
!
| X
| Ӿ
| ⵅ
!
| Y
| ⅄
!
| Ш
!
| ⵡ
| Η
| Π
!
| ᗐ
| ᗑ
!
| ᛁ
| ᛚ
| ᚫ
| ᐃ
| ᐁ
|-
! Devanagari
| म
| न
| ङ
!
| प
| ब
| त
| ड
| क
| ग
!
| स
| स़
| श
!
| फ
| ह
!
| र
!
| त्स
| च
| ज
!
| य
| व
!
| इ
| ए
| अ
| ओ
| उ
|-
! Manaŋa
| m
| 目
| 止
!
| 日
| 男
| 木
| d
| 花
| 舌
!
| s
| 里
| 血
!
| f
| 母
!
| 火
!
| 心
| ċ
| j
!
| w
| 山
!
| 天
| 石
| 支
| o
| u
|-
! Hangul
| ㅁ
| ㄴ
| ㅇ
!
| ㅂ
| ㅃ
| ㅌ
| ㄷ
| ㄱ 
| ㄲ
!
| ㅅ
| ㅆ
| ㅊ
!
| ㅍ
| ㅎ
!
| ㄹ
!
| ㅋ
| ㅈ
| ㅉ
!
|
|
!
| ㅣ
| ㅓ
| ㅏ
| ㅗ
| ㅜ
|-
! Latin
| ma
| na
| ŋa
!
| pa
| ba
| ta
| da
| ka
| ga
!
| sa
| za
| xa
!
| fa
| ha
!
| ra
!
| ṡa
| ċa
| ja
!
| ya
| wa
!
| i
| e
| a
| o
| u
|}
====Note====
*The alphabet is ordered according to the position of the letters on this table, first the nasals, then the stops, ''etc.''
===Table of Consonants===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!&nbsp;
!
! Labial
! Dental
! Alveolar
! Postalveolar
! Palato-<br>alveolar
! Palatal
! Velar
! Uvular
! Glottal
|-
! Nasal
! Voiced
| align=center | <m> /m/ 
| align=center | <n> /n/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <ŋ> /ŋ/
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
! rowspan="2" | Stops
! Voiceless
| align=center | <nowiki><p></nowiki> /p/
| align=center | <t> /t/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <k> /k/
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
! Voiced
| align=center | <nowiki><b></nowiki> /b/
| align=center | <d> /d/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <g> /g/
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
! rowspan="2" | Sibilant Fricative
! Voiceless
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <nowiki><s></nowiki> /s/
| align=center | <x> /ʃ/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | 
|-
! Voiced
| align=center |
| align=center | 
| align=center | <z> /z/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
! rowspan="2" | Non-sibilant Fricative
! Voiceless
| align=center | <f> /ɸ/
| align=center | (<þ> /θ/)<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <h> /h/
|-
! Voiced
| align=center |
| align=center | (<ð> /ð/)
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | (<r> /ʁ/)
| align=center |
|-
! rowspan="" | Tap
! Voiced
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <r> /ɾ/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
! rowspan="2" | Affricate
! Voiceless
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <ṡ> /ʦ/
| align=center |
| align=center | <ċ> /ʧ/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
! Voiced
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <j> /ʤ/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
|-
! rowspan="1" | Approximant
! Voiced
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <y> /j/
| align=center | <w> /w/
| align=center |
| align=center |
|}
====Note:====
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>Phonemes in parentheses indicate the pronunciations in southern Nemuti.
===Table of Vowels===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
! &nbsp;
! Front
! Central
! Back
|-
! Close
| align=center | <nowiki><i></nowiki> /i/
| align=center |
| align=center | <nowiki><u></nowiki> /u/ (/ɯ/)<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
|-
! Close-mid
| align=center | <e> /e/
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
! Open-mid
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center | <o> /o/
|-
! Open
| align=center |
| align=center | <a> /a/
| align=center |
|}
====Note:====
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>Phoneme in parentheses indicates the pronunciation in southern Nemuti.

Latest revision as of 07:23, 18 March 2023