Kerusha: Difference between revisions
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= Verbal Modifiers = | = Verbal Modifiers = | ||
* '''-(e)ru''' - infinitive [INF] | * '''-(e)ru''' / '''-ek''' - infinitive [INF] (stative/active) | ||
* '''-um''' - interrogative [Q] | |||
== Aspect == | == Aspect == | ||
| Line 131: | Line 133: | ||
* '''-at-''' - augmentative [AUG] | * '''-at-''' - augmentative [AUG] | ||
* '''-is-''' - diminutive [DIM] | * '''-is-''' - diminutive [DIM] | ||
== Case == | |||
* '''-''' - nominative (unmarked) [NOM] | |||
* '''-da''' - accusative [ACC] | |||
* '''-nak''' - abessive [ABE] "without" | |||
* '''-bak''' - dative/benefactive [DAT/BEN] "to; at; toward / for" | |||
* '''-ku''' - causative [CAUS] "because of" | |||
* '''-bo''' - locative [LOC] "at; on; in" | |||
* '''-ngo''' - transitive [TRANS] "through" | |||
* '''-te''' - ablative [ABL] "of; off of; from" | |||
* '''-pu''' - intrative [INT] "among" | |||
== Gender == | == Gender == | ||
| Line 136: | Line 150: | ||
* '''ye-''' - feminine [FEM] | * '''ye-''' - feminine [FEM] | ||
* '''ga(n)-''' - masculine [MASC] | * '''ga(n)-''' - masculine [MASC] | ||
== Number == | |||
* '''k(a)-''' - plural [PL] | |||
== Pronominal == | == Pronominal == | ||
| Line 145: | Line 163: | ||
* '''o-''' - third person singular [3s] | * '''o-''' - third person singular [3s] | ||
** '''ko-''' - third person plural [3pl] | ** '''ko-''' - third person plural [3pl] | ||
= Lexicon = | = Lexicon = | ||
* '''chameru''' - ''v.a/v.s'' - burn; be ablaze | * '''chameru''' - ''v.a/v.s'' - burn; be ablaze | ||
:: '''chamo''' - ''n.'' - fire | :: '''chamo''' - ''n.'' - fire | ||
* ''' | |||
* '''(gwa)nek''' - ''v.a'' - know; understand | |||
* '''myorek''' - ''v.a'' - carry; transport; move s.t. | |||
:: '''myoro''' - ''n'' - vehicle; transport | |||
* '''(na)nek''' - ''v.a'' - see; look | |||
* '''poyek''' - ''v.a'' - wear; don | |||
= Phrases = | = Phrases = | ||
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| ''He touches it.'' | | ''He touches it.'' | ||
|-align=center | |-align=center | ||
| | | '''''nigwanuma''''' | ||
| | | '''ni-gwa-n-um-a''' | ||
| | | /nigʷaːˈnumɑ/ | ||
| | | <tt>2s-head.INST-be.aware-Q-IPFV</tt> | ||
| | | ''Do you know?'' | ||
|-align=center | |||
| '''''komitobo''''' | |||
| '''k-o-mi-t-o-bo''' | |||
| /koːmiˈtobo/ | |||
| <tt>PL-3s-mouth.INST-COP-ANIM-LOC</tt> | |||
| ''In their mouths...'' | |||
|-align=center | |-align=center | ||
| | | '''''kyehamunge''''' | ||
| | | '''k-ye-h-am-ung-e''' | ||
| | | /kʲɛhaˈmuːŋe/ | ||
| | | <tt>PL-FEM-INTV-stand-NEG-PFV</tt> | ||
| | | ''The women were not standing.'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 08:01, 21 November 2021
A conlang for fun.
Phonology
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosives | p b | t d | tɕ (j) tɕʰ (ch) | k g | |
| Nasals | m | n | ŋ (ng) | ||
| Fricatives | s | ʃ (sh) | h | ||
| Approximants | w | j (y) | |||
| Trill | r |
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i~ɪ | u~ʊ | |
| Mid | e~ɛ | o | |
| Open | a~ə |
- / ʷ ʲ ˈ ː ŋ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ ɾ ʃ ʌ ɯ /
Particles
- ba - negative particle [NEG]
Roots
- am- - upright; vertical; erect; standing
- j- - be beside; with [COM]
- jing- - be inside; within [INE]
- m- - do (as agent); act; make; cause [CAUS]
- n- - be aware; know about
- r- - move; be in motion; shift
- t- - be; exist (copular) [COP]
- y- - have; possess; own [GEN]
- yem- - food; sustenance; eating; consume
Verbal Modifiers
- -(e)ru / -ek - infinitive [INF] (stative/active)
- -um - interrogative [Q]
Aspect
- -a - imperfective [IPFV]
- -e - perfective [PFV]
Instrumentals
Proximal
- bu- - back; buttock / behind; rear
- gwa- - head; mind; shoulder / near
- ku(n)- - foot; leg; stepping / below; under
- mi- - teeth; mouth; biting / edge
- na- - eye; nose; face; neck / above; upward
- p(y)o- - body; chest; heart / center
- shi- - hand; fist; arm; grasping / in front; ahead
Distal
- cha- - heat; fire; smoke / sun; light; appear
- do(n)- - cold; ice
- ma- - water; fluid; moisture
- m(y)o- - tool [general instrumental] / load; carry
- pwe- - weapon; sharp
- to- - earth; stone; rock; heavy; forcefully / moon; darkness
- ya(s)- - wind; light
Modals
- -uk- / -ung- - negative; negation; no; not [NEG] (negatives active/stative verbs)
Nominal Modifiers
- -o - concrete nouns; animate [ANIM]
- -i - abstract nouns; inanimate [INAN]
- -at- - augmentative [AUG]
- -is- - diminutive [DIM]
Case
- - - nominative (unmarked) [NOM]
- -da - accusative [ACC]
- -nak - abessive [ABE] "without"
- -bak - dative/benefactive [DAT/BEN] "to; at; toward / for"
- -ku - causative [CAUS] "because of"
- -bo - locative [LOC] "at; on; in"
- -ngo - transitive [TRANS] "through"
- -te - ablative [ABL] "of; off of; from"
- -pu - intrative [INT] "among"
Gender
- ye- - feminine [FEM]
- ga(n)- - masculine [MASC]
Number
- k(a)- - plural [PL]
Pronominal
- wa- - first person singular [1s]
- kwa- - first person plural [1pl]
- ni- - second person singular [2s]
- ink(a)- - third person plural [2pl]
- o- - third person singular [3s]
- ko- - third person plural [3pl]
Lexicon
- chameru - v.a/v.s - burn; be ablaze
- chamo - n. - fire
- (gwa)nek - v.a - know; understand
- myorek - v.a - carry; transport; move s.t.
- myoro - n - vehicle; transport
- (na)nek - v.a - see; look
- poyek - v.a - wear; don
Phrases
| phrase | parsing | IPA | gloss | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| kwayemuke | k-wa-yem-uk-e | /kʷajeˈmuke/ | PL-1s-eat-NEG-PFV | We have not eaten. |
| oshina | o-shi-n-a | /oˈʃina/ | 3s-HAND-be.aware-IPFV | He touches it. |
| nigwanuma | ni-gwa-n-um-a | /nigʷaːˈnumɑ/ | 2s-head.INST-be.aware-Q-IPFV | Do you know? |
| komitobo | k-o-mi-t-o-bo | /koːmiˈtobo/ | PL-3s-mouth.INST-COP-ANIM-LOC | In their mouths... |
| kyehamunge | k-ye-h-am-ung-e | /kʲɛhaˈmuːŋe/ | PL-FEM-INTV-stand-NEG-PFV | The women were not standing. |
