Cernelian/Pronouns: Difference between revisions

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| ''sien''
| ''sien''
| ''jenie''
| ''jenie''
| ''się''
| rowspan="2" | ''się''
| ''miedzie''
| ''miedzie''
| ''ciedzie''
| ''ciedzie''
| ''niedzię''
| ''niedzie''
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
Line 32: Line 32:
| ''sny''
| ''sny''
| ''jenię''
| ''jenię''
| ''się''
| ''miedzię''
| ''miedzie''
| ''ciedzię''
| ''ciedzie''
| ''niedzię''
| ''niedzię''
|-
! Dative
| ''mieną''
| ''sieną''
| ''jenię''
| ''sią''
| ''mią''
| ''cią''
| ''nią''
|-
! Locative
| ''miencho''
| ''siencho''
| ''jeniesie''
| ''śnie''
| ''misie''
| ''cisie''
| ''ńnie''
|-
! Ablative
| ''miensto''
| ''siensto''
| ''jenieście''
| ''ście''
| ''miście''
| ''ciście''
| ''ńcie''
|-
! Instrumental
| ''miennie''
| ''siennie''
| ''jenie''
| ''śnie''
| ''minie''
| ''cinie''
| ''ńnie''
|-
! Vocative
|
| ''siencho''
|
|
|
| ''cisie''
|
|}
''Sie'' and ''nie'' are the only nominals with irregular locative and ablative forms, reflecting earlier Proto-Finnic formation of two cases as essive ''*-na'' and partitive ''*-ta'', which normally attached to ''*-s-'' to form ''*-ssa'' and ''*-sta'', respectively. Earlier ''*je'' "they" was replaced by ''nie'' by homophony with ''ję'' "he, she". Note unusual initial ''ń-'' in some forms of ''nie''.
== Interrogative pronouns ==
=== What ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
! Singular
! Plural
|-
! colspan="2" | Nominative
| colspan="4" style="border-bottom:0" | ''mcze''
|-
! rowspan="2" | Accusative
! Inanimate
|-
! Animate
| rowspan="2" | ''mięcze''
| style="border-top:0" |
|-
! colspan="2" | Genitive
| ''mdziącze''
|-
! colspan="2" | Dative
| colspan="2" | ''mią''
|-
! colspan="2" | Locative
| ''msze''
| ''misze''
|-
! colspan="2" | Ablative
| ''mstó''
| ''misto''
|-
! colspan="2" | Instrumental
| ''mnie''
| ''minie''
|}
=== Who ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
! Singular
! Plural
|-
! colspan="2" | Nominative
| colspan="4" style="border-bottom:0" | ''kkó''
|-
! rowspan="2" | Accusative
! Inanimate
|-
! Animate
| rowspan="2" | ''kiko''
| style="border-top:0" |
|-
! colspan="2" | Genitive
| ''kdziąko''
|-
! colspan="2" | Dative
| colspan="2" | ''kią''
|-
! colspan="2" | Locative
| ''kchó''
| ''kiejsze''
|-
! colspan="2" | Ablative
| ''kstó''
| ''kiejsto''
|-
! colspan="2" | Instrumental
| ''knie''
| ''kiejnie''
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 05:18, 28 October 2021

Personal pronouns

Case I you (sg.) he, she it we you (pl.) they
Nominative mnie śnie ję sie mie cie nie
Accusative mien sien jenie się miedzie ciedzie niedzie
Genitive mny sny jenię miedzię ciedzię niedzię
Dative mieną sieną jenię sią mią cią nią
Locative miencho siencho jeniesie śnie misie cisie ńnie
Ablative miensto siensto jenieście ście miście ciście ńcie
Instrumental miennie siennie jenie śnie minie cinie ńnie
Vocative siencho cisie

Sie and nie are the only nominals with irregular locative and ablative forms, reflecting earlier Proto-Finnic formation of two cases as essive *-na and partitive *-ta, which normally attached to *-s- to form *-ssa and *-sta, respectively. Earlier *je "they" was replaced by nie by homophony with ję "he, she". Note unusual initial ń- in some forms of nie.

Interrogative pronouns

What

Singular Plural
Nominative mcze
Accusative Inanimate
Animate mięcze
Genitive mdziącze
Dative mią
Locative msze misze
Ablative mstó misto
Instrumental mnie minie

Who

Singular Plural
Nominative kkó
Accusative Inanimate
Animate kiko
Genitive kdziąko
Dative kią
Locative kchó kiejsze
Ablative kstó kiejsto
Instrumental knie kiejnie
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