Khangaþyagon Syntax misc: Difference between revisions

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== Syntactical Miscellany ==
== Syntactical Miscellany ==
===Implicit corporeal possession===
For [[Khangaþyagon_Nouns|nouns]] denoting parts of the body, the posessor may be omitted if it can be understood from context.
''nakra ya iður''
{|
|nakr-||a||ya||iðu-||r
|-
|close||1P||1P||eye||PL
|}
I close my eyes.


===Paired conjunctions===
===Paired conjunctions===


A conjunction may appear as a pair, introducing sucessive clauses, each instance of the conjunction having sucessive meanings
A [[Khangaþyagon_Adverbs|conjunction]] may appear as a pair, introducing sucessive clauses, each instance of the conjunction having sucessive meanings


;gog... gog:either/or
;gog... gog:either/or


nellodahi gog rikil gog vlakh su
''nellodahi gog rikil gog vlakh su''
{|
{|
|nello||dah|| i || gog || rik||il || gog || vlakh || su
|nello||dah|| i || gog || rik||il || gog || vlakh || su
|-
|-
|worthy ||be||3p || either || man||this || or || folk || whole
|worthy ||be||3P|| either || man||THIS|| or || folk || whole
|}
|}


Either this man is worthy, or the whole folk is.
Either this man is worthy, or the whole folk is.


      ushu... ushu
;ushu... ushu:neither/nor
          neither/nor


      nellodahishe ushu rikil ushu vlakh su
''nellodahishe ushu rikil ushu vlakh su''
{|
|nello||dah||i||she || ushu || rik||il || ushu || vlakh || su
|-
|worthy||be||3P||NEG|| neither || man||THIS|| nor || folk || whole
|}
   
Neither is this man worthy, nor is the whole folk.


      nello.dah.i.she ushu rik.il ushu vlakh su
;enge... enge:even/still


      worthy.be.3p.neg neither man.this nor folk whole
''enge nellodahiazh rikil, enge nellodahishe vlakh su''
{|
|enge || nello||dah||i||azh || rik||il || enge || nello||dah||i||she || vlakh ||su
|-
|even || worthy||be||3P||COND|| man||THIS|| still || worthy||be||3P||NEG|| folk || whole
|}


      Neither is this man worthy, nor is the whole folk.
Even if this man is worthy, the whole folk is not.


      enge... enge
===Comparisons===
          even/still


      enge nellodahiazh rikil, enge nellodahishe vlakh su
The conjunction


      enge nello.dah.i.azh rik.il enge nello.dah.i.she vlakh su
;arra:than, as


      even worthy.be.3p.cond man.this still worthy.be.3p.neg folk whole
may be used in comparisons.


      Even if this man is worthy, the whole folk is not.
''nello'ezhmdahi rikil arra vlakh su''
{|
|nello||ezhm||dah||i || rik||il || arra || vlakh || su
|-
|worthy||comp||be||3P||man||THIS|| than || folk || whole
|}


      Comparisons
This man is worthier than the whole folk


      The conjunction
''nellodahilt vlakh su arra rikil''
{|
|nello||dah||i||lt || vlakh || su || arra || rik||il
|-
|worthy||be||3P||IMP|| folk || whole || as || man||THIS
|}
May the whole folk be as worthy as this man.


      arra
          than


      may be used in comparisons.
===Nouns as first and second person subjects===


      nello'ezhmdahi rikil arra vlakh su
If the subject of a first or second person verb is a noun, then that noun is identified with the speaker or hearer


      nello.ezhm.dah.i rik.il arra vlakh su
''tæpa Kæshroþrast enil!''
 
{|
      worthy.comp.be.3p man.this than folk whole
|tæp||a || Kæshroþrast || en||il
 
|-
      This man is worthier than the whole folk
|command||1P|| Kæshroþrast || thing||THIS
 
|}
      Nouns as first and second person subjects
I, Kæshroþrast, command this!
 
      If the subject of a first or second person verb is a noun, then that noun is identified with the speaker or hearer
 
      tæpa Kæshroþrast enil!
 
      tæp.a Kæshroþrast en.il
 
      command.1p Kæshroþrast thing.this


      I, Kæshroþrast, command this!
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Latest revision as of 03:44, 17 October 2012

Syntactical Miscellany

Implicit corporeal possession

For nouns denoting parts of the body, the posessor may be omitted if it can be understood from context.

nakra ya iður

nakr- a ya iðu- r
close 1P 1P eye PL

I close my eyes.

Paired conjunctions

A conjunction may appear as a pair, introducing sucessive clauses, each instance of the conjunction having sucessive meanings

gog... gog
either/or

nellodahi gog rikil gog vlakh su

nello dah i gog rik il gog vlakh su
worthy be 3P either man THIS or folk whole

Either this man is worthy, or the whole folk is.

ushu... ushu
neither/nor

nellodahishe ushu rikil ushu vlakh su

nello dah i she ushu rik il ushu vlakh su
worthy be 3P NEG neither man THIS nor folk whole

Neither is this man worthy, nor is the whole folk.

enge... enge
even/still

enge nellodahiazh rikil, enge nellodahishe vlakh su

enge nello dah i azh rik il enge nello dah i she vlakh su
even worthy be 3P COND man THIS still worthy be 3P NEG folk whole

Even if this man is worthy, the whole folk is not.

Comparisons

The conjunction

arra
than, as

may be used in comparisons.

nello'ezhmdahi rikil arra vlakh su

nello ezhm dah i rik il arra vlakh su
worthy comp be 3P man THIS than folk whole

This man is worthier than the whole folk

nellodahilt vlakh su arra rikil

nello dah i lt vlakh su arra rik il
worthy be 3P IMP folk whole as man THIS

May the whole folk be as worthy as this man.


Nouns as first and second person subjects

If the subject of a first or second person verb is a noun, then that noun is identified with the speaker or hearer

tæpa Kæshroþrast enil!

tæp a Kæshroþrast en il
command 1P Kæshroþrast thing THIS

I, Kæshroþrast, command this!

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Questions, Commands, Conditionals and Counterfactuals Syntax The Babel Text
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