Senjecas - when: Difference between revisions

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===Pronunciation table===
<font size = 4>
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
 
!p
==Pronunciation table==
!b
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1150px;"
!f
! colspan="6" | <center>'''peműko'''<br>(labial)</center>
!v
|
!m̃
|
!m
! colspan="6" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental)
|
|
! colspan="6" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar)
|
|
! colspan="6-" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal)
|
|
! colspan="2" |
|
|
! colspan="6" | '''ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(vowels with प)
|
|
! colspan="3" | '''nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(weak vowels)
|-
! <center>p</center>
! b
! f
! v
! m̃
! m
|
|
|
|
!t
! t
!d
! d
!þ
! þ
!ð
! ð
!ɫ
! ɫ
!l
! l
|
|
|
|
!ṡ
! ṡ
!ż
! ż
!s
! s
!z
! z
!r
! r
!n
! n
|
|
|
|
!k
! k
!g
! g
!x
! x
![[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
!h
! h
![[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
!š
! š
!s̨
! s̨
|
|
|
|
!i
! i  
!e
! e
!a
! a
![[Wikipedia:Ogonek#Similar diacritics|ǫ]]
! [[Wikipedia:O|ɔ]]
!o
! o
!u
! u
|
|
|
|
!ĭ
! ı
!ĕ
! ɛ
!ŭ
! y
|-
|-
|/p/
! <center>प</center>
|/b/
! ब
|/ɸ/
! फ
|/β/
! भ
|/m̥/
! म़
|/m/
! म
|
|
|
|
|/t/
! त
|/d/
! द
|/θ/
! थ
|/ð/
! ध
|/l̥/
! ल़
|/l/
! ल
|
|
|
|
|/ʦ/
! च
|/ʣ/
! ज
|/s/
! स
|/z/
! स़
|/ɾ̥/
! र
|/n/
! न
|
|
|
|
|/k/
! क
|/g/
! ग
|/ç/
! क़
|/ʝ/
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ग़]]
|/j̊/
! ह
|/j/
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|य]]
|
|
|
|
|/sʷ/
! स्व
|/sʲ/
! स्य
|
|
|
|
|/i/
! इ ई<br>पि पी
|/e/
! ए एै<br>पे पै
|/ä/
! अ आ<br>प पा
|/ɒ/
! ऒ ॵ<br>पॊ पॏ
|/o/
! ओ औ<br>पो पौ
|/u/
! उ ऊ<br>पु पू
|
|
|
|
|/ɪ/
! पं
|/ɛ/
! पऺ
|/ʊ/
! पॅ
|-
| /p/
| /b/
| /ɸ/
| /β/
| /m̥/
| /m/
!
!
| /t/
| /d/
| /θ/
| /ð/
| /l̥/
| /l/
!
!
| /ʦ/
| /ʣ/
| /s/
| /z/
| /ɾ̥/
| /n/
!
!
| /k/
| /g/
| /ç/
| /ʝ/
| /j̊/
| /j/
!
!
| /sʷ/
| /sʲ/
!
!
| /i/
| /e/
| /ä/
| /ɒ/
| /o/
| /u/
!
!
| /ɪ/
| /ɛ/
| /ʊ/
|}
|}




===Glossing abbreviations===
==Glossing abbreviations==
::{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
| 1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
| ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
| COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|EQU = equative degree
| F = feminine
|INS = instrument
| INT = intensive prefix
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
| PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
| SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
| 2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
| ABS = absolutive<br>(an unmarked modifying adjective)
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
| DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|F = feminine
| FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|INT = intensive prefix
| LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
|QUOT = direct quotation
| PST = past
| TRZ = transitivizer
|-
|-
|3p/m = third person [[Wikipedia:Demonstrative#distal and proximal demonstratives|proximal/medial]]
| 3 = 3rd person
|ADV = adverb
| ADV = adverb
|DIM = diminutive
| DIM = diminutive
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
| FUT = future
|M = masculine
| LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
|REL = [[Wikipedia:Relativizer|relativizer]]
| Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
| VOC = vocative particle
|-
|-
|4 = [[Wikipedia:Obviative|fourth person]]
| A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
| AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
| ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|FUT = future
| IMP = imperative
|PP = patient (past) participle
| M = masculine
|RPRF = recent perfective
| QUOT = direct quotation
| YNG = young
|-
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
| G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
| AP = agent (active) participle
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
| ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|IMP = imperative
| INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRF = perfect
| OCC = occupation suffix
|SBJ = subjunctive
| REV = [[Wikipedia:Opposite (semantics)|reversive]]
|
|-
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
| N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
| AUG = augmentative
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative|elative]]
| EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
| IND = indicative
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
| PP = patient (past) participle
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
| RPR = recent perfective
|
|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
| V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|
| CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|
| EQU = equative degree
|IND = indicative
| INS = instrument
|PST = past
| PRF = perfect
| SBJ = subjunctive
|
|
|}
|}




===Adverb===
==Adverb==
*1. '''xánu''' - introduces questions about time
*'''1.''' '''xánu''' क़॔नु - introduces questions about time
::'''nus xán' u-tőpa:'''
*When will they arrive?
::When will they arrive?
*'''éȝus xán' u-tőpa:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!éȝ-us||xán-'||u=tőp-a
!n-us||xán-'||u=tőp-a
|-
|-
|3-N.p||when-ELIS||FUT-arrive-IND
|3-N.p||when-ELIS||FUT-arrive-IND
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*2. '''xánu''' - introduces indirect questions about time  
*'''2.''' '''xánu''' क़॔नु - introduces indirect questions about time
::'''tu—nun xán' u-tőpu—sa̋a̋rame:
*Do you know when they will arrive?
::Do you know when they will arrive?
*'''tu éȝun xán' u-tőpu sa̋a̋ra me:
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!t-u||n-un||xán-'||u=tőp-u||sa̋a̋r-a||me
!t-u||n-un||xán-'||u=tőp-u||sa̋a̋r-a-me
|-
|-
|2s-N||3-A.p||when-ELIS||FUT=arrive-SUP||know-IND-Q
|2s-N||they-A.p||when-ELIS||FUT=arrive-SUP||know-IND||Q
|}
|}




===Conjunction===
==Conjunction==
*3. '''téni''' - at what time
*'''3.''' '''téni''' तो॓नि - at what time
::'''nus te̋e̋aþus e-ı̋la téni šepe̋ȝa:'''
*They were told when to sleep
::They were told when to sleep
*'''éȝus te̋e̋aþus e-ı̋la—téni šepe̋ȝa:'''
 
:{|
::{| Class=wikitable
!éȝ-us||te̋e̋-a-þ-us||e=ı̋l-a||téni||šep-e̋ȝa
!n-us||te̋e̋-a-þ-us||e=ı̋l-a||téni||šep-e̋ȝa
|-
|-
|3-N.p||tell-IND-PP-N.p||PST=become-IND||when||sleep-SBJ
|t3-N.p||tell-IND-PP-N.p||PST=become-IND||when||sleep-SBJ
|}
|}
*''Deranking not permitted.''


*4. '''méti''' - at the time of the action of the following clause or participle phrase


::'''e-sűűm̃a méti mu hesáhvi e-tőpa:'''
*'''4.''' '''méti''' मो॔ति - at the time of the action of the following clause or participle phrase
::It was raining when I arrived yesterday.
*It was raining when I arrived yesterday.
 
*'''e-sűűm̃a—méti mu hesáhvi e-tőpa:'''
::{| Class=wikitable
:{|
!e=sűűm̃-a||méti||m-u||hes=áh=vi||e=tőp-a
!e=sűűm̃-a||méti||m-u||hes=áh=vi||e=tőp-a
|-
|-
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*5. '''méti''' - since, given the fact that
*'''5.''' '''hi''' हि - since, given the fact that
 
*Why are you preparing a party when he won't be here.
::'''tu xávu sa̋rnom fa̋ra hi nu íð' u-vűűa ne:'''
*'''tu xávu sa̋rnom fa̋ra—hi éȝu íð' u-vűűa ne:'''
::Why are you preparing a party when he won't be here.
:{|
 
!t-u||xávu||sa̋rn-om||fa̋r-a||hi||éȝ-u||íð-'||u=vűű=a||ne
::{| Class=wikitable
!t-u||xávu||sa̋rn-om||fa̋r-a||hi||n-u||íð-'||u=vűű=a||ne
|-
|-
|2s-N||why||party-A.s||prepare-IND||when||3-N.s||here-ELIS||FUT=be-IND||not
|2s-N||why||party-A.s||prepare-IND||when||3-N.s||here-ELIS||FUT=be-IND||not
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===Pronoun===
==Pronoun==
*6. '''xa keesa̋s pósa''' - from the time at which something happens
*'''6.''' '''xa keesa̋s pósa''' क़ कैस॓स् पो॔स - from the time at which something happens
 
*Since when has he been king.
::'''nu xa keesa̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣu vŭvűűa:'''
*'''éȝu xa keesa̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣu vyvűűa:'''
::Since when has he been king.
:{|
 
!éȝ-u||xa-Ø||kees-a̋s||pósa||re̋e̋ƣ-u||vy~vűű-a
::{| Class=wikitable
!n-u||xa-Ø||kees-a̋s||pósa||re̋e̋ƣ-u||vŭ~vűű-a
|-
|-
|3-N.s||what-ABS||time-G.s||since||king-N.s||PRF~be-IND
|3-N.s||what-ABS||time-G.s||since||king-N.s||PRF~be-IND
Line 225: Line 292:




===Interjection===
==Interjection==
*7. '''ma̋ta''' – that's enough
*'''7.''' '''ma̋ta''' म॓त – that's enough
*Just say when.
*'''ma̋ta átu te̋e̋e:'''
:{|
!ma̋t-a||átu||te̋e̋-e
|-
|be.enough-IND||just||say-IMP
|}


::'''m̃a ma̋ta m̃ar dáámu te̋e̋e:'''
::Just say when.


::{| Class=wikitable
[[Senjecas - while]]
!m̃a||ma̋t-a||m̃ar||dáámu||te̋e̋-e
|-
|QUOT||be.enough-IND||QUOT||just||say-IMP
|}

Latest revision as of 15:40, 10 September 2024

Pronunciation table

peműko
(labial)
 riisűko
(dental) 		muitűko
(alveolar) 		vainűko
(palatal) 		ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प) 		nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
 b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ɔ o u ı ɛ y
प
 ब फ भ म़ म त द थ ध ल़ ल च ज स स़ र न क ग क़ ग़ ह य स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी 		ए एै
पे पै 		अ आ
प पा 		ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ 		ओ औ
पो पौ 		उ ऊ
पु पू 		पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive
(an unmarked modifying adjective) 		DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive


Adverb

  • 1. xánu क़॔नु - introduces questions about time
  • When will they arrive?
  • éȝus xán' u-tőpa:
éȝ-us xán-' u=tőp-a
3-N.p when-ELIS FUT-arrive-IND


  • 2. xánu क़॔नु - introduces indirect questions about time
  • Do you know when they will arrive?
  • tu éȝun xán' u-tőpu sa̋a̋ra me:
t-u n-un xán-' u=tőp-u sa̋a̋r-a me
2s-N they-A.p when-ELIS FUT=arrive-SUP know-IND Q


Conjunction

  • 3. téni तो॓नि - at what time
  • They were told when to sleep
  • éȝus te̋e̋aþus e-ı̋la—téni šepe̋ȝa:
éȝ-us te̋e̋-a-þ-us e=ı̋l-a téni šep-e̋ȝa
t3-N.p tell-IND-PP-N.p PST=become-IND when sleep-SBJ


  • 4. méti मो॔ति - at the time of the action of the following clause or participle phrase
  • It was raining when I arrived yesterday.
  • e-sűűm̃a—méti mu hesáhvi e-tőpa:
e=sűűm̃-a méti m-u hes=áh=vi e=tőp-a
PST=rain-IND when 1s.N yester-day-ADV PST=arrive-IND


  • 5. hi हि - since, given the fact that
  • Why are you preparing a party when he won't be here.
  • tu xávu sa̋rnom fa̋ra—hi éȝu íð' u-vűűa ne:
t-u xávu sa̋rn-om fa̋r-a hi éȝ-u íð-' u=vűű=a ne
2s-N why party-A.s prepare-IND when 3-N.s here-ELIS FUT=be-IND not


Pronoun

  • 6. xa keesa̋s pósa क़ कैस॓स् पो॔स - from the time at which something happens
  • Since when has he been king.
  • éȝu xa keesa̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣu vyvűűa:
éȝ-u xa-Ø kees-a̋s pósa re̋e̋ƣ-u vy~vűű-a
3-N.s what-ABS time-G.s since king-N.s PRF~be-IND


Interjection

  • 7. ma̋ta म॓त – that's enough
  • Just say when.
  • ma̋ta átu te̋e̋e:
ma̋t-a átu te̋e̋-e
be.enough-IND just say-IMP


Senjecas - while

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