User:Protondonor/CBBCR8

This is the complete torch for Mañi from CBB Conlang Relay 8.

Mañi text

Ñituexdaʼ ŋòru zezetmą ŋòruŗùu wa ñitukechadaʼ yach è ʼą̀nŋa. Ñitòtuzyařdaʼ:

—Nìi riyà chałŋori ki nąįñumą? Ąituoʼ ļex kwaxąw, ŋòruŗùu. Pèʼtu, nìi chałŋo zezeha èè chaa ki nąnduļàaŗùu? Àà, ąndòtulur ñą̀ zezeha řii, wa ąnduzįnąñ! Ąndukachu, "Nįñuʼną̀, ŋiìřŗu riʼeʼñą̀ą nąʼąni è kwax. Nįñułeʼřìiʼ, ŋiìřŗu ŋòriìmąyèek."

—Hąą̀ ñąą̀nma, ich ñąą̀nma, ŗali ų̀michąñake!

—Ąndukachu, "Ŋòèx! Ŋòtuřap!" Pèʼtu, xizèexìzee, ąnduļàa akuu chąñakaŋmą. Ąripel, "Tiñak, tòñųñmą̀! Rituòoʼ rà, rixerʼì zezeha lìì řii wa zezetmą mųñŗaŗyuri!"

Grammar basics

VSO order, head-marking, adpositions act like nouns possessed by their argument. Subject and object marked on the verb. 1st and 2nd person agreement markers are nom/acc, 3rd person markers are erg/abs. Several genders (3, 5, 7, and 9 appear in this text). Nouns can be possessed alienably or inalienably; nouns are alienable unless noted otherwise. Plural in 3rd person is unmarked, except by optional numerals or determiners.

Lexicon

• àà - oh
• akuu - black
• chaa - place (5)
• chałŋo - soldier (9)
• chąñak - arrow (9)
• è - this (declines for gender: 5: èè, 9: è)
• ex - go
• hąą̀ - big
• ich - small
• kachu - shout
• kecha - begin
• ki - question particle (order is (wh) SO ki V in questions)
• kwax - land, territory (9, inalienable)
• lì - that (declines for gender: 5: lìì)
• lur - chase
• łeʼřiʼ - insult
• ļàa - come
• ļex - all
• mą - make (cause to do something)
• mąyek - kill
• mųñŗaŗyu - free, freedom (9)
• ną - in (3, inalienable)
• nìi - what
• ñą̀ - child (9)
• ñąą̀nma - bow (weapon) (9)
• ñmą - save, preserve, protect
• ŋiìřŗu - then, therefore, so (different subject)
• ŋòru - person (9)
• ŋòruŗùu - leader, noble, monarch (9)
• oʼ - take
• pel - say
• pèʼtu - then, after that (different subject)
• řap - hold
• rà - two
• ri - you (sg, nom)
• řap - hold
• řii - tree (5)
• ŗali - and (phrasal)
• tiñak - god (9)
• ų̀michąñake - quiver (5)
• wa - and (clausal, same subject)
• xerʼi - run
• xizèexìzee - sound of drawing a weapon (ideophone)
• yach - tell
• zeze - to (7)
• zįnąñ - succeed
• zyař - ask
• ʼą̀nŋa - story (9)
• ʼeʼñą - dwell, live (in a place)
• ʼną - help

Noun declensions

• -ʼani - gender 3 inalienable possessed by gender 9
• -ha/hą - gender 7 alienable possessed by gender 5
• -tmą - gender 7 alienable possessed by gender 9
• -ŋmą - gender 9 alienable possessed by 1st person exclusive pl
• -ąw - gender 9 inalienable possessed by 1st person exclusive pl
• -ri - gender 9 alienable possessed by 2nd person sg
• -yà - alienable associative particle

Verb conjugations

The basic structure of a verb is:

evidential - subject - object - stem - mood - tense - polarity

Evidentials

• ą - direct knowledge
• ñi - hearsay or nonvisual
• ną - inferential

Person

• ŋò - 1st person pl exclusive nominative
• ñu - 1st person pl exclusive accusative
• ri/nį - 2nd person sg nominative
• riì - 2nd person sg accusative
• i - 2nd person pl nominative
• tu - 3rd person absolutive, gender 9
• tò - 3rd person ergative, gender 9

Mood

• low tone on last vowel - irrealis, including imperative and subjunctive
• last vowel becomes long and rising tone (e.g. ą -> ą̀ą) - conditional (also used for both verbs in "if… then" constructions)

Tense

• daʼ - remote past
• ŗùu - future

Phonological processes

• Oral vowels i, e, a, o, u (and their low tone counterparts) become nasal į, į, ą, ų, ų before a nasal consonant or nasal vowel, unless preceded by another oral vowel or an oral stop.
• Voiceless stops p, t, k become voiced prenasalized mb, nd, ŋg after a nasal vowel.