Sefdaanian Ethnography Chapter 2 - Time: Difference between revisions
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==Written history - '''ȝa̋raþa | ===Written history - '''ȝa̋raþa festɛsą̋ra'''=== | ||
*The Loquent Peoples have no written accounts of historical facts. There is, however, a detailed mythology of their creation which is related in [[Sefdaanian Ethnograpy Chapter 8 – Faith]]. | *The Loquent Peoples have no written accounts of historical facts. There is, however, a detailed mythology of their creation which is related in [[Sefdaanian Ethnograpy Chapter 8 – Faith|Chapter 8]]. | ||
==Calendar - '''áhluxta̋ga'''== | ===Calendar - '''áhluxta̋ga '''=== | ||
The Sefdaanian calendar system was devised by Ȝumɱa̋ku Ma̋nu, the mage of astronomy. Both the solar cycle and the lunar cycle are used in the ancient original calendar, without an attempt to reconcile the two. The solar cycle is used to number the months and mark the solar festivals and to establish dates, whereas the lunar cycle is used exclusively for marking the semimonthly lunar celebrations. | |||
===The Eons and the Eras (''' | ====The Eons and the Eras ('''ȝı̋kasküe þÿűdasküe''')==== | ||
*Sefdaanian history/mythology is divided into seven eons ('''ȝı̋ka''') of 225,000,000 years each. | *Sefdaanian history/mythology is divided into seven eons ('''ȝı̋ka''') of 225,000,000 years each. | ||
**The First Eon was that of Yumu ('''ȝumȝı̋ka'''), the Self-existent (''' | **The First Eon was that of Yumu ('''ȝumȝı̋ka'''), the Self-existent ('''mi-ese̋ntu'''), the Ancient-One-Who-Is ('''sénese̋ntu''') and, in reality, stretches back eternally. At the end of that eon, he created light. | ||
**The Second Eon was that of light (''' | **The Second Eon was that of light ('''fÿoþȝı̋ka'''). At the end of the Second Eon, he created the cosmos. | ||
**The Third Eon was that of the cosmos (''' | **The Third Eon was that of the cosmos ('''alméȝįȝı̋ka'''). At the end of the Third Eon, he created the elements. | ||
**The Fourth Eon was that of the elements ('''þę́xesȝı̋ka'''). At the end of the Fourth Eon, he created the sentient beings. | **The Fourth Eon was that of the elements ('''þę́xesȝı̋ka'''). At the end of the Fourth Eon, he created the sentient beings. | ||
**The Fifth Eon was that of the sentient beings (''' | **The Fifth Eon was that of the sentient beings ('''útantɛȝı̋ka'''). The Fifth Eon is divided into six eras of 26,000 years each. At the beginning of each era, he created one of the loquent beings. | ||
**The Sixth Eon was that of the loquent beings (''' | **The Sixth Eon was that of the loquent beings ('''sáƿantɛȝı̋ka'''). The Sixth Eon is divided into six eras of 26,000 years each. At the beginning of each era, he created one of the loquent beings. | ||
***The First Era was that of the Ethrans (''' | ***The First Era was that of the Ethrans ('''gálÿǫnþÿűda'''), the Children of Air, 200,000 BP. | ||
***The Second Era was that of the Pyrans (''' | ***The Second Era was that of the Pyrans ('''ą́þÿonþÿűda'''), the Children of Fire, 174,000 BP. | ||
***The Third Era was that of the Hydorans (''' | ***The Third Era was that of the Hydorans ('''hurÿonþÿűda'''), the Children of Water, 148,000 BP. | ||
***The Fourth Era was that of the Humans (''' | ***The Fourth Era was that of the Humans ('''tálÿonþÿűda'''), the Children of Earth, 122,000 BP. | ||
***The Fifth Era was that of the Xylans (''' | ***The Fifth Era was that of the Xylans ('''mą́tÿonþÿűda'''), the Children of Wood, 96,000 BP. | ||
***The Sixth Era was that of the Lithans (''' | ***The Sixth Era was that of the Lithans ('''táinÿonþÿűda'''), the Children of Stone, 70,000 BP. It was during this Era that the Great Sundering ('''mezpűla''') occurred, during which many fell out of harmony. | ||
**After the Great Sundering the Seventh Eon began, the Final Eon ('''muᵹȝı̋ka'''), the one in which we live today. This Seventh Eon extends as far into the future as the First Eon extends back into the past. | **After the Great Sundering the Seventh Eon began, the Final Eon ('''muᵹȝı̋ka'''), the one in which we live today. This Seventh Eon extends as far into the future as the First Eon extends back into the past. | ||
==The Solar Cycle – '''sųlmőda'''== | ===The Solar Cycle – '''sųlmőda'''=== | ||
*The solar year begins at the winter solstice ('''hemsűka''') and must begin on '''ilma̋ha'''. | *The solar year begins at the winter solstice ('''hemsűka''') and must begin on '''ilma̋ha'''. *Each of the twelve solar months ('''za̋lta''', 'twelfth') consists of five six-day weeks. As this gives a total of only 360 days, an intercalary week ('''ƿǫ́ᵹpena̋ha''') of five days is added after the twelfth month. In a leap year ('''iþdı̋la''') this intercalary week has six days ('''ɱǫ́ᵹsąda̋ha'''). | ||
*Each of the twelve solar months ('''za̋lta''', 'twelfth') consists of five six-day weeks. As this gives a total of only 360 days, an intercalary week (''' | *The solar year is divided into six seasons ('''ȝę̋ra'''), each consisting of two periods of approximately 45 days. These '''ȝę̋ras''' begin every 30° on the ecliptic ('''sųlfÿǫ̋lo'''). | ||
*The solar year is divided into six seasons ('''ȝę̋ra'''), each consisting of two periods of approximately 45 days. These '''ȝę̋ras''' begin every 30° on the ecliptic (''' | |||
===The Seasons - '''ȝę̋ra'''=== | ====The Seasons - '''ȝę̋ra'''==== | ||
*There are six seasons in the Sefdaanian year. | *There are six seasons in the Sefdaanian year. | ||
*The underlined names are those used when only four seasons are recognized. | *The underlined names are those used when only four seasons are recognized. | ||
Line 135: | Line 134: | ||
**'''ı̨̋fa''' (early-winter) 9/24-11/22 – temperature continues to fall; leaves begin to fall; increasing rainfall; crisp nights with frost in the morning. | **'''ı̨̋fa''' (early-winter) 9/24-11/22 – temperature continues to fall; leaves begin to fall; increasing rainfall; crisp nights with frost in the morning. | ||
*Eight celebrations are held in conjunction with the solar year: | *Eight celebrations are held in conjunction with the solar year: | ||
↓ = number of days until the next celebration. | |||
{|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
| align=center | winter solstice | | align=center | winter solstice | ||
Line 141: | Line 140: | ||
| align=center | 12/22 | | align=center | 12/22 | ||
| align=center | 0° | | align=center | 0° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 42 days↓ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | spring festival | | align=center | spring festival | ||
Line 147: | Line 146: | ||
| align=center | 2/2 | | align=center | 2/2 | ||
| align=center | 45° | | align=center | 45° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 46 days↓ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | vernal equinox | | align=center | vernal equinox | ||
Line 153: | Line 152: | ||
| align=center | 3/21 | | align=center | 3/21 | ||
| align=center | 90° | | align=center | 90° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 44 days↓ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | early-summer festival | | align=center | early-summer festival | ||
Line 159: | Line 158: | ||
| align=center | 5/5 | | align=center | 5/5 | ||
| align=center | 135° | | align=center | 135° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 46 days↓ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | summer solstice | | align=center | summer solstice | ||
Line 165: | Line 164: | ||
| align=center | 6/21 | | align=center | 6/21 | ||
| align=center | 180° | | align=center | 180° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 47 days↓ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | autumn festival | | align=center | autumn festival | ||
Line 171: | Line 170: | ||
| align=center | 8/6 | | align=center | 8/6 | ||
| align=center | 225° | | align=center | 225° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 48 days↓ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | early-winter equinox | | align=center | early-winter equinox | ||
Line 177: | Line 176: | ||
| align=center | 9/23 | | align=center | 9/23 | ||
| align=center | 270° | | align=center | 270° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 44 days↓ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | early-winter festival | | align=center | early-winter festival | ||
Line 183: | Line 182: | ||
| align=center | 11/5 | | align=center | 11/5 | ||
| align=center | 315° | | align=center | 315° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 45 days↓ | ||
|} | |} | ||
*The dates of these cross-quarter days do not coincide with those of the contemporary festivals. | *The dates of these cross-quarter days do not coincide with those of the contemporary festivals. | ||
===The Solar Months - '''za̋lta'''=== | ====The Solar Months - '''za̋lta'''==== | ||
*The agrarian Peoples ('''zɵ̋ðɱus'''), the four Peoples who grow crops and herd livestock, ''i.e.'', the Pyrans, Hydorans, Humans and Lithans, have a twelve-month calendar, the names of which months are taken from the natural world. | |||
<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">The twelve months of the year</div> | <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">The twelve months of the year</div> | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
Line 197: | Line 198: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 1 | | align=center | 1 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''toɱę̋a''' | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | snowdrift month | ||
| align=center | 12/22-1/20 | | align=center | 12/22-1/20 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 2 | | align=center | 2 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''ce̋ra''' | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | antler-growing month | ||
| align=center | 1/ | | align=center | 1/21-2/19 | ||
| align=center | '''kiða''' | | align=center | '''kiða''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 3 | | align=center | 3 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''pı̨̋ta''' | ||
| align=center | sap-tapping month | | align=center | sap-tapping month | ||
| align=center | 2/ | | align=center | 2/20-3/21 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 4 | | align=center | 4 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''tı̋ba''' | ||
| align=center | grass-sprouting month | | align=center | grass-sprouting month | ||
| align=center | 3/ | | align=center | 3/22-4/20 | ||
| align=center | '''ke̋sa''' | | align=center | '''ke̋sa''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 5 | | align=center | 5 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''na̋na''' | ||
| align=center | flower-blooming month | | align=center | flower-blooming month | ||
| align=center | 4/ | | align=center | 4/21-5/20 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 6 | | align=center | 6 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''tı̨̋þa''' | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | heating month | ||
| align=center | 5/21-6/ | | align=center | 5/21-6/19 | ||
| align=center | '''lę̋ta''' | | align=center | '''lę̋ta''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 7 | | align=center | 7 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''ga̋þa''' | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | berry-picking month | ||
| align=center | 6/ | | align=center | 6/20-7/19 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 8 | | align=center | 8 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''kőȝa''' | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | harvesting month | ||
| align=center | 7/ | | align=center | 7/20-8/18 | ||
| align=center | '''kų̋ra''' | | align=center | '''kų̋ra''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 9 | | align=center | 9 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''ą̋ka''' | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | colored-leaf month | ||
| align=center | 8/ | | align=center | 8/19-9/17 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 10 | | align=center | 10 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''ca̋da''' | ||
| align=center | rutting month | | align=center | rutting month | ||
| align=center | 9/ | | align=center | 9/18-10/17 | ||
| align=center | '''ı̨̋fa''' | | align=center | '''ı̨̋fa''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 11 | | align=center | 11 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''gűsa''' | ||
| align=center | leaf-falling month | | align=center | leaf-falling month | ||
| align=center | 10/ | | align=center | 10/18-11/16 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 12 | | align=center | 12 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''lų̋fa''' | ||
| align=center | snow-falling month | | align=center | snow-falling month | ||
| align=center | 11/ | | align=center | 11/17-12/16 | ||
| align=center | '''he̋ma''' | | align=center | '''he̋ma''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''ɱǫ́ᵹpena̋ha''' | ||
| align=center | intercalary week | | align=center | intercalary week | ||
| align=center | 12/17-12/21 | | align=center | 12/17-12/21 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|} | |} | ||
===System of Dating – '''ahluka̋m pą̋so'''=== | |||
*The days of the months are numbered using the cardinal number with the name of the month in the | *The Xylans also have a twelve-month calendar, the months of which are named after trees. | ||
*The years are numbered according to their order in the era or eon. The current era is called the present era and dates from the winter solstice of 42,000 B.C. Thus the present year dated from 22 December | |||
===The Zodiac – '''þasmőda'''=== | {|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
*The zodiac is the annual cycle of the sun around the ecliptic. The Ethrans saw in the star arrangements fanciful pictures of the animals that were native to Sefdaania, arranged in a more or less equal distribution around the ecliptic. They divided the ecliptic into twelve domains ('''ą̋ra''') of 30° each. | | align=center | # of month | ||
| align=center | Name of month | |||
| align=center | Translation | |||
| align=center | Dates | |||
| align=center | Season | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 1 | |||
| align=center | '''ȝőina''' | |||
| align=center | juniper | |||
| align=center | 12/22-1/20 | |||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 2 | |||
| align=center | '''ða̋na''' | |||
| align=center | silver fir | |||
| align=center | 1/21-2/19 | |||
| align=center | '''kiða''' | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 3 | |||
| align=center | '''aca̋na''' | |||
| align=center | Norway maple | |||
| align=center | 2/20-3/21 | |||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 4 | |||
| align=center | '''cüa̋ma''' | |||
| align=center | linden | |||
| align=center | 3/22-4/20 | |||
| align=center | '''ke̋sa''' | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 5 | |||
| align=center | '''sa̋lka''' | |||
| align=center | willow | |||
| align=center | 4/21-5/20 | |||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 6 | |||
| align=center | '''abe̋la''' | |||
| align=center | apple | |||
| align=center | 5/21-6/19 | |||
| align=center | '''lę̋ta''' | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 7 | |||
| align=center | '''xı̋ba''' | |||
| align=center | ash | |||
| align=center | 6/20-7/19 | |||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 8 | |||
| align=center | '''pe̋rküa''' | |||
| align=center | oak | |||
| align=center | 7/20-8/18 | |||
| align=center | '''kų̋ra''' | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 9 | |||
| align=center | '''vą̋ᵶa''' | |||
| align=center | beech | |||
| align=center | 8/19-9/17 | |||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 10 | |||
| align=center | '''kűnüa''' | |||
| align=center | walnut | |||
| align=center | 9/18-10/17 | |||
| align=center | '''ı̨̋fa''' | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 11 | |||
| align=center | '''ı̨̋ɱa''' | |||
| align=center | yew | |||
| align=center | 10/18-11/16 | |||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | 12 | |||
| align=center | '''tǫ̋pa''' | |||
| align=center | elm | |||
| align=center | 11/17-12/16 | |||
| align=center | '''he̋ma''' | |||
|- | |||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | '''ɱǫ́ᵹpena̋ha''' | |||
| align=center | 12/17-12/21 | |||
| align=center | | |||
|} | |||
====System of Dating – '''ahluka̋m pą̋so'''==== | |||
*The days of the months are numbered using the cardinal number with the name of the month in the genitive case. Thus, '''lų̋fa''' 25th would be ''' lųfa̋s xÿűr pen'''. | |||
*The years are numbered according to their order in the era or eon. The current era is called the present era and dates from the winter solstice of 42,000 B.C. Thus the present year dated from 22 December 2015 is N.T. (N.Þ.) 44,015. N.T. (N.Þ.) stands for '''nı̋ka þÿuda̋s''', ‘of the present era’. | |||
====The Zodiac – '''þasmőda'''==== | |||
*The [[Wikipedia:Zodiac|zodiac]] is the annual cycle of the sun around the [[Wikipedia:Ecliptic|ecliptic]]. The Ethrans saw in the star arrangements fanciful pictures of the animals that were native to Sefdaania, arranged in a more or less equal distribution around the ecliptic. They divided the ecliptic into twelve domains ('''ą̋ra''') of 30° each. | |||
*By the Sefdaanian reckoning, the starting point of the ecliptic is at the winter solstice which is marked 0°, although the vernal equinox is at 0° by contemporary reckoning. | *By the Sefdaanian reckoning, the starting point of the ecliptic is at the winter solstice which is marked 0°, although the vernal equinox is at 0° by contemporary reckoning. | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
| align=center | degree | | align=center | degree | ||
Line 314: | Line 405: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 210° | | align=center | 210° | ||
| align=center | lion/''' | | align=center | lion/'''bɪ̨̋re''' | ||
| align=center | 7/23 | | align=center | 7/23 | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 326: | Line 417: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 300° | | align=center | 300° | ||
| align=center | squirrel/ '''oɱe̋re''' | | align=center | squirrel/'''oɱe̋re''' | ||
| align=center | 10/23 | | align=center | 10/23 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 330° | | align=center | 330° | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | salmon/'''la̋ce''' | ||
| align=center | 11/22 | | align=center | 11/22 | ||
|} | |} | ||
===The Sexagenary Cycle – '''tı̨̋r | ====The Sexagenary Cycle – '''tı̨̋r xÿurᵹe̋va mőda'''==== | ||
*By combining the twelve zodiac signs ('''þásmoðne̋uo''') with the names of the five precious jewels ('''a̋ro | *By combining the twelve zodiac signs ('''þásmoðne̋uo''') with the names of the five precious jewels ('''a̋ro nÿe̋mo'''): ruby ('''xÿų̋ro'''), orange topaz ('''pų̋co'''), emerald ('''mı̋lo'''), sapphire ('''düı̋no'''),and amethyst ('''ɫı̋fo'''), a sexagenary cycle was created which is also used extensively in dating events, so that events are recorded as taking place in the year of the amethyst lion, the sapphire dragon, '''etc'''. | ||
===The Week - ''' | |||
===The Week - '''sąða̋ha'''=== | |||
*After the creation of all six of the Loquent Peoples, the days of the week (which were formerly simply numbered) were given the names of the six avatars of God worshipped by each people, in the order of the creation of each people. | *After the creation of all six of the Loquent Peoples, the days of the week (which were formerly simply numbered) were given the names of the six avatars of God worshipped by each people, in the order of the creation of each people. | ||
*When a seventh day is needed for the contemporary calendar, it is named ''' | *When a seventh day is needed for the contemporary calendar, it is named '''ilmɛȝı̋ta''', Ilmus’ eve. The week is then '''sefa̋ha'''. | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
| align=center | '''ilma̋ha''' | | align=center | '''ilma̋ha''' | ||
Line 370: | Line 463: | ||
| align=center | Friday | | align=center | Friday | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''ílmɛȝı̋ta''' | ||
| align=center | Ilmus’ eve | | align=center | Ilmus’ eve | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | Saturday | | align=center | Saturday | ||
|} | |} | ||
===The Day - '''a̋ha'''=== | ===The Day - '''a̋ha'''=== | ||
*All time and calendar references are based on a duodecimal system. The day is divided into 24 sections known as '''te̋nas'''. The day begins at sunrise ('''nę̋da'''). In modern times this is considered to be 6:00 a.m. Each of the hours is named for an animal, as follows: | *All time and calendar references are based on a duodecimal system. The day is divided into 24 sections known as '''te̋nas'''. The day begins at sunrise ('''nę̋da'''). In modern times this is considered to be 6:00 a.m. Each of the hours is named for an animal, as follows: | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
| align=center | 1st hour (6:00 a.m.) | | align=center | 1st hour (6:00 a.m.) | ||
Line 426: | Line 521: | ||
| align=center | '''pą́pilte̋na''' | | align=center | '''pą́pilte̋na''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 13th hour (6:00 p.m.) | | align=center | 13th hour<br>(6:00 p.m.) | ||
| align=center | woodpecker | | align=center | woodpecker | ||
| align=center | '''pįxte̋na''' | | align=center | '''pįxte̋na''' | ||
Line 450: | Line 545: | ||
| align=center | '''áɱęðte̋na''' | | align=center | '''áɱęðte̋na''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 19th hour (midnight) | | align=center | 19th hour<br>(midnight) | ||
| align=center | owl | | align=center | owl | ||
| align=center | '''simte̋na''' | | align=center | '''simte̋na''' | ||
Line 474: | Line 569: | ||
| align=center | '''cę́rolte̋na''' | | align=center | '''cę́rolte̋na''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
*The daylight hours are comprised of eight unequal sections: | *The daylight hours are comprised of eight unequal sections: | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
| align=center | 1 | | align=center | 1 | ||
Line 503: | Line 600: | ||
| align=center | 6 | | align=center | 6 | ||
| align=center | afternoon | | align=center | afternoon | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''sı̋xa''' | ||
| align=center | noon to sunset | | align=center | noon to sunset | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 526: | Line 623: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|} | |} | ||
*Telling time is always done by addition, never by subtraction; thus, 2:45, not 15 minutes (a quarter) to 3. The hour ('''te̋na''') is told by the ordinal number. Thus 2:00 is ''' | |||
*Telling time is always done by addition, never by subtraction; thus, 2:45, not 15 minutes (a quarter) to 3. The hour ('''te̋na''') is told by the ordinal number. Thus 2:00 is '''düőta te̋na''', the second hour. The minutes ('''te̋nka''') are told by the cardinal numbers. Thus 2:45 is '''düőta te̋na düo xÿűr pen''', the second hour forty-five. If there are seconds ('''sa̋mpa'''), they are added to the minutes using the co-ordinating conjunction. Thus, 2:45:16 is '''düőta te̋na düo xÿűr penküe kűsküe'''. | |||
*Keeping time is the task of one of the adepts in each citadel. He is known as the '''tenpǫ̋þlu''', the time guardian. He is also known as the '''ȝą̋xlu''', the chandler. It is solely his task to make candles from the bees’ wax, both for lighting and for keeping time. | *Keeping time is the task of one of the adepts in each citadel. He is known as the '''tenpǫ̋þlu''', the time guardian. He is also known as the '''ȝą̋xlu''', the chandler. It is solely his task to make candles from the bees’ wax, both for lighting and for keeping time. | ||
==The Lunar Cycle – '''zęrmőda'''== | |||
===The Lunar Cycle – '''zęrmőda'''=== | |||
*The lunar cycle contains twelve or thirteen months ('''e̋ida'''). The first month begins at midnight of the day on which the first crescent of the first new moon after '''hemsűka''' is sighted. The other months begin at midnight on the day of the successive new moons. These months are merely numbered. | *The lunar cycle contains twelve or thirteen months ('''e̋ida'''). The first month begins at midnight of the day on which the first crescent of the first new moon after '''hemsűka''' is sighted. The other months begin at midnight on the day of the successive new moons. These months are merely numbered. | ||
*The lunar months are divided into halves. The waxing moon ('''ɱǫge̋ida''') extends from the date of the new moon to the date of the full moon. The waning moon ('''lųde̋ida''') extends from the date of the full moon to the date of the new moon. | *The lunar months are divided into halves. The waxing moon ('''ɱǫge̋ida''') extends from the date of the new moon to the date of the full moon. The waning moon ('''lųde̋ida''') extends from the date of the full moon to the date of the new moon. | ||
==Calendar summary - | ===Calendar summary - ahlúxtaga̋s ı̋sra=== | ||
*s° = Sefdaanian degree; c° = contemporary degree. | *s° = Sefdaanian degree; c° = contemporary degree. | ||
Line 628: | Line 643: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | '''ȝe̋ra'''<br>season | | align=center | '''ȝe̋ra'''<br>season | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''sa̋rno'''<br>festival | ||
| align=center | '''sűka'''<br>turning | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 12/22 | | align=center | 12/22 | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''toɱę̋a''' | ||
| align=center | 0°/270° | | align=center | 0°/270° | ||
| align=center | '''kı̋te'''<br>tur | | align=center | '''kı̋te'''<br>tur | ||
| align=center | '''gą̋lo'''<br>air | | align=center | '''gą̋lo'''<br>air | ||
| align=center | '''ȝűri'''<br>honeysuckle | | align=center | '''ȝűri'''<br>honeysuckle | ||
| align=center | Capricorn | | align=center | Capricorn | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | '''hemsűka'''<br>winter solstice | | align=center | '''hemsűka'''<br>winter solstice | ||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 1/21 | | align=center | 1/21 | ||
Line 646: | Line 663: | ||
| align=center | '''ą̋þe'''<br>fire | | align=center | '''ą̋þe'''<br>fire | ||
| align=center | '''mą̋ki'''<br>poppy | | align=center | '''mą̋ki'''<br>poppy | ||
| align=center | Aquarius | | align=center | Aquarius | ||
| align=center | '''kı̋ða'''<br>late winter | | align=center | '''kı̋ða'''<br>late winter | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 659: | Line 677: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | '''kiðsa̋rno'''<br>late winter festival | | align=center | '''kiðsa̋rno'''<br>late winter festival | ||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 2/20 | | align=center | 2/20 | ||
Line 664: | Line 683: | ||
| align=center | 60°/330° | | align=center | 60°/330° | ||
| align=center | '''őre'''<br>eagle | | align=center | '''őre'''<br>eagle | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | water | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | lavender | ||
| align=center | Pisces | | align=center | Pisces | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | '''kiðsűka''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 3/ | | align=center | 3/20 | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | '''ke̋sa'''<br>spring | | align=center | '''ke̋sa'''<br>spring | ||
| align=center | '''kespa̋ra'''<br>vernal equinox | | align=center | '''kespa̋ra'''<br>vernal equinox | ||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 3/22 | | align=center | 3/22 | ||
| align=center | '''tı̋ba''' | | align=center | '''tı̋ba''' | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | 90°/0° | ||
| align=center | '''mőre''' | | align=center | '''mőre''' horse | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | earth | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | rose | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | Aries | ||
| align=center | spring | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
Line 694: | Line 715: | ||
| align=center | '''na̋na''' | | align=center | '''na̋na''' | ||
| align=center | 120°/30° | | align=center | 120°/30° | ||
| align=center | '''ca̋se''' | | align=center | '''ca̋se''' hare | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | wood | ||
| align=center | '''labűᵶi'''<br>clematis | | align=center | '''labűᵶi'''<br>clematis | ||
| align=center | Taurus | | align=center | Taurus | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | '''kes̨űka''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 5/5 | | align=center | 5/5 | ||
| align=center | 135°/45° | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | '''kes̨a̋rno'''<br>spring festival | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 5/21 | | align=center | 5/21 | ||
| align=center | '''tı̨̋þa''' | | align=center | '''tı̨̋þa''' | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 5/22 | | align=center | 5/22 | ||
| align=center | 150°/60° | | align=center | 150°/60° | ||
| align=center | '''he̋le'''<br> | | align=center | '''he̋le''' | ||
| align=center | stone | |||
| align=center | '''eba̋ki'''<br>hollyhock | |||
| align=center | Gemini | |||
| align=center | summer | |||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 6/ | | align=center | 6/21 | ||
| align=center | '''ga̋þa''' | | align=center | '''ga̋þa''' | ||
| align=center | 180°/90° | | align=center | 180°/90° | ||
| align=center | '''ta̋ure'''<br>aurochs | | align=center | '''ta̋ure'''<br>aurochs | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | air | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | '''sÿűmi'''<br>violet | ||
| align=center | Cancer | | align=center | Cancer | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | '''lęþsűka'''<br>summer solstice | ||
| align=center | '''lęþsűka''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 7/20 | | align=center | 7/20 | ||
Line 755: | Line 771: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | fire | ||
| align=center | '''pűi'''<br>primrose | | align=center | '''pűi'''<br>primrose | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | '''kų̋ra'''<br>late summer | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 764: | Line 781: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | 210°/120° | | align=center | 210°/120° | ||
| align=center | '''bı̨̋re''' | | align=center | '''bı̨̋re''' lion | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | late summer | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | Leo | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 8/6 | | align=center | 8/6 | ||
Line 780: | Line 798: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | '''kųrsa̋rno'''<br>late summer festival | | align=center | '''kųrsa̋rno'''<br>late summer festival | ||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 8/19 | | align=center | 8/19 | ||
Line 785: | Line 804: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | water | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | water lily | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | '''kųrsűka''' | |||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 8/23 | | align=center | 8/23 | ||
| align=center | 240°/150° | | align=center | 240°/150° | ||
| align=center | '''pą̋me'''<br>dragon | | align=center | '''pą̋me'''<br>dragon | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | Virgo | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 805: | Line 826: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | earth | ||
| align=center | '''ace̋nti'''<br>lady slipper | | align=center | '''ace̋nti'''<br>lady slipper | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 9/ | | align=center | 9/23 | ||
| align=center | 270°/180° | | align=center | 270°/180° | ||
| align=center | '''epe̋re'''<br>boar | | align=center | '''epe̋re'''<br>boar | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | Libra | | align=center | Libra | ||
| align=center | '''ı̋fa'''<br>autumn | | align=center | '''ı̋fa'''<br>autumn | ||
| align=center | '''ifpa̋ra'''<br>autumn equinox | |||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 835: | Line 848: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | wood | ||
| align=center | '''ðerge̋ni'''<br>dogwood | | align=center | '''ðerge̋ni'''<br>dogwood | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 10/ | | align=center | 10/23 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | 300°/210° | | align=center | 300°/210° | ||
Line 847: | Line 861: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | Scorpius | | align=center | Scorpius | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 11/5 | | align=center | 11/5 | ||
| align=center | 315°/225° | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | '''ifsa̋rno'''<br>autumn festival | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 11/17 | | align=center | 11/17 | ||
Line 865: | Line 881: | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | ''' | | align=center | '''sı̋zi'''<br>crocus | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | |||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 11/ | | align=center | 11/22 | ||
| align=center | 330°/240° | | align=center | 330°/240° | ||
| align=center | '''la̋ce'''<br>salmon | | align=center | '''la̋ce'''<br>salmon | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | Sagittarius | | align=center | Sagittarius | ||
| align=center |'''he̋ma'''<br>winter | | align=center | '''he̋ma'''<br>winter | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align=center | 12/17 | | align=center | 12/17 | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | '''ɱǫ́ᵹpena̋ha'''<br>intercalary | ||
| align=center | | |||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
| align=center | | | align=center | | ||
|} | |} |
Revision as of 13:30, 5 September 2016
Pronunciation table
p | b | f | v | ɱ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | c | ᵶ | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ᵹ | h | ȝ | sü | sÿ | i | e | a | ɵ | o | u | ı | ɛ | y | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̊/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ |
Written history - ȝa̋raþa festɛsą̋ra
- The Loquent Peoples have no written accounts of historical facts. There is, however, a detailed mythology of their creation which is related in Chapter 8.
Calendar - áhluxta̋ga
The Sefdaanian calendar system was devised by Ȝumɱa̋ku Ma̋nu, the mage of astronomy. Both the solar cycle and the lunar cycle are used in the ancient original calendar, without an attempt to reconcile the two. The solar cycle is used to number the months and mark the solar festivals and to establish dates, whereas the lunar cycle is used exclusively for marking the semimonthly lunar celebrations.
The Eons and the Eras (ȝı̋kasküe þÿűdasküe)
- Sefdaanian history/mythology is divided into seven eons (ȝı̋ka) of 225,000,000 years each.
- The First Eon was that of Yumu (ȝumȝı̋ka), the Self-existent (mi-ese̋ntu), the Ancient-One-Who-Is (sénese̋ntu) and, in reality, stretches back eternally. At the end of that eon, he created light.
- The Second Eon was that of light (fÿoþȝı̋ka). At the end of the Second Eon, he created the cosmos.
- The Third Eon was that of the cosmos (alméȝįȝı̋ka). At the end of the Third Eon, he created the elements.
- The Fourth Eon was that of the elements (þę́xesȝı̋ka). At the end of the Fourth Eon, he created the sentient beings.
- The Fifth Eon was that of the sentient beings (útantɛȝı̋ka). The Fifth Eon is divided into six eras of 26,000 years each. At the beginning of each era, he created one of the loquent beings.
- The Sixth Eon was that of the loquent beings (sáƿantɛȝı̋ka). The Sixth Eon is divided into six eras of 26,000 years each. At the beginning of each era, he created one of the loquent beings.
- The First Era was that of the Ethrans (gálÿǫnþÿűda), the Children of Air, 200,000 BP.
- The Second Era was that of the Pyrans (ą́þÿonþÿűda), the Children of Fire, 174,000 BP.
- The Third Era was that of the Hydorans (hurÿonþÿűda), the Children of Water, 148,000 BP.
- The Fourth Era was that of the Humans (tálÿonþÿűda), the Children of Earth, 122,000 BP.
- The Fifth Era was that of the Xylans (mą́tÿonþÿűda), the Children of Wood, 96,000 BP.
- The Sixth Era was that of the Lithans (táinÿonþÿűda), the Children of Stone, 70,000 BP. It was during this Era that the Great Sundering (mezpűla) occurred, during which many fell out of harmony.
- After the Great Sundering the Seventh Eon began, the Final Eon (muᵹȝı̋ka), the one in which we live today. This Seventh Eon extends as far into the future as the First Eon extends back into the past.
The Solar Cycle – sųlmőda
- The solar year begins at the winter solstice (hemsűka) and must begin on ilma̋ha. *Each of the twelve solar months (za̋lta, 'twelfth') consists of five six-day weeks. As this gives a total of only 360 days, an intercalary week (ƿǫ́ᵹpena̋ha) of five days is added after the twelfth month. In a leap year (iþdı̋la) this intercalary week has six days (ɱǫ́ᵹsąda̋ha).
- The solar year is divided into six seasons (ȝę̋ra), each consisting of two periods of approximately 45 days. These ȝę̋ras begin every 30° on the ecliptic (sųlfÿǫ̋lo).
The Seasons - ȝę̋ra
- There are six seasons in the Sefdaanian year.
- The underlined names are those used when only four seasons are recognized.
- he̋ma (winter) 11/23-1/20 – cold to freezing; heavy snow, sometimes sleet or rain; heavy cloud cover most of the time.
- kı̋ða (spring) 1/21-3/20 – rising temperature with melting of ice and snow; frequent and heavy rain with heavy cloud cover; plants begin to flower, trees to leaf.
- ke̋sa (early-summer) 3/21-5/21 – temperature continues to rise; ground begins to dry out; plants are in full bloom and leaf; increased sun and wind; warm days and cool nights.
- lę̋ta (summer) 5/22-7/22 – hot and dry; rains infrequently with little cloud cover; grass turns brown.
- kų̋ra (autumn) 7/23-9/23 – cooler; clouds in morning and evening often with light rain; leaves begin to change color; crops ready to harvest.
- ı̨̋fa (early-winter) 9/24-11/22 – temperature continues to fall; leaves begin to fall; increasing rainfall; crisp nights with frost in the morning.
- Eight celebrations are held in conjunction with the solar year:
↓ = number of days until the next celebration.
winter solstice | hemsűka | 12/22 | 0° | 42 days↓ |
spring festival | kiðsa̋rno | 2/2 | 45° | 46 days↓ |
vernal equinox | kiðpa̋ra | 3/21 | 90° | 44 days↓ |
early-summer festival | kesa̋rno | 5/5 | 135° | 46 days↓ |
summer solstice | lęþsűka | 6/21 | 180° | 47 days↓ |
autumn festival | kųrsa̋rno | 8/6 | 225° | 48 days↓ |
early-winter equinox | ifpa̋ra | 9/23 | 270° | 44 days↓ |
early-winter festival | ifsa̋rno | 11/5 | 315° | 45 days↓ |
- The dates of these cross-quarter days do not coincide with those of the contemporary festivals.
The Solar Months - za̋lta
- The agrarian Peoples (zɵ̋ðɱus), the four Peoples who grow crops and herd livestock, i.e., the Pyrans, Hydorans, Humans and Lithans, have a twelve-month calendar, the names of which months are taken from the natural world.
The twelve months of the year
# of month | Name of month | Translation | Dates | Season |
1 | toɱę̋a | snowdrift month | 12/22-1/20 | |
2 | ce̋ra | antler-growing month | 1/21-2/19 | kiða |
3 | pı̨̋ta | sap-tapping month | 2/20-3/21 | |
4 | tı̋ba | grass-sprouting month | 3/22-4/20 | ke̋sa |
5 | na̋na | flower-blooming month | 4/21-5/20 | |
6 | tı̨̋þa | heating month | 5/21-6/19 | lę̋ta |
7 | ga̋þa | berry-picking month | 6/20-7/19 | |
8 | kőȝa | harvesting month | 7/20-8/18 | kų̋ra |
9 | ą̋ka | colored-leaf month | 8/19-9/17 | |
10 | ca̋da | rutting month | 9/18-10/17 | ı̨̋fa |
11 | gűsa | leaf-falling month | 10/18-11/16 | |
12 | lų̋fa | snow-falling month | 11/17-12/16 | he̋ma |
ɱǫ́ᵹpena̋ha | intercalary week | 12/17-12/21 |
- The Xylans also have a twelve-month calendar, the months of which are named after trees.
# of month | Name of month | Translation | Dates | Season |
1 | ȝőina | juniper | 12/22-1/20 | |
2 | ða̋na | silver fir | 1/21-2/19 | kiða |
3 | aca̋na | Norway maple | 2/20-3/21 | |
4 | cüa̋ma | linden | 3/22-4/20 | ke̋sa |
5 | sa̋lka | willow | 4/21-5/20 | |
6 | abe̋la | apple | 5/21-6/19 | lę̋ta |
7 | xı̋ba | ash | 6/20-7/19 | |
8 | pe̋rküa | oak | 7/20-8/18 | kų̋ra |
9 | vą̋ᵶa | beech | 8/19-9/17 | |
10 | kűnüa | walnut | 9/18-10/17 | ı̨̋fa |
11 | ı̨̋ɱa | yew | 10/18-11/16 | |
12 | tǫ̋pa | elm | 11/17-12/16 | he̋ma |
ɱǫ́ᵹpena̋ha | 12/17-12/21 |
System of Dating – ahluka̋m pą̋so
- The days of the months are numbered using the cardinal number with the name of the month in the genitive case. Thus, lų̋fa 25th would be lųfa̋s xÿűr pen.
- The years are numbered according to their order in the era or eon. The current era is called the present era and dates from the winter solstice of 42,000 B.C. Thus the present year dated from 22 December 2015 is N.T. (N.Þ.) 44,015. N.T. (N.Þ.) stands for nı̋ka þÿuda̋s, ‘of the present era’.
The Zodiac – þasmőda
- The zodiac is the annual cycle of the sun around the ecliptic. The Ethrans saw in the star arrangements fanciful pictures of the animals that were native to Sefdaania, arranged in a more or less equal distribution around the ecliptic. They divided the ecliptic into twelve domains (ą̋ra) of 30° each.
- By the Sefdaanian reckoning, the starting point of the ecliptic is at the winter solstice which is marked 0°, although the vernal equinox is at 0° by contemporary reckoning.
degree | domain | date |
0° | tur/kı̋te | 12/22 |
30° | bear/ve̋re | 1/20 |
60° | eagle/őre | 2/19 |
90° | horse/mőre | 3/21 |
120° | hare/cą̋se | 4/20 |
150° | turtle/kűe | 5/21 |
180° | aurochs/ta̋ure | 6/21 |
210° | lion/bɪ̨̋re | 7/23 |
240° | dragon/pą̋me | 8/24 |
270° | boar/epe̋re | 9/23 |
300° | squirrel/oɱe̋re | 10/23 |
330° | salmon/la̋ce | 11/22 |
The Sexagenary Cycle – tı̨̋r xÿurᵹe̋va mőda
- By combining the twelve zodiac signs (þásmoðne̋uo) with the names of the five precious jewels (a̋ro nÿe̋mo): ruby (xÿų̋ro), orange topaz (pų̋co), emerald (mı̋lo), sapphire (düı̋no),and amethyst (ɫı̋fo), a sexagenary cycle was created which is also used extensively in dating events, so that events are recorded as taking place in the year of the amethyst lion, the sapphire dragon, etc.
The Week - sąða̋ha
- After the creation of all six of the Loquent Peoples, the days of the week (which were formerly simply numbered) were given the names of the six avatars of God worshipped by each people, in the order of the creation of each people.
- When a seventh day is needed for the contemporary calendar, it is named ilmɛȝı̋ta, Ilmus’ eve. The week is then sefa̋ha.
ilma̋ha | Ilmus’ day | Ethrans | Sunday |
pų́sana̋ha | Puusenus’ day | Pyrans | Monday |
nęra̋ha | Neerus’ day | Hydorans | Tuesday |
tárona̋ha | Taronus’ day | Humans | Wednesday |
pérkuna̋ha | Perkunus’ day | Xylans | Thursday |
kábeira̋ha | Kabeirus’ day | Lithans | Friday |
ílmɛȝı̋ta | Ilmus’ eve | Saturday |
The Day - a̋ha
- All time and calendar references are based on a duodecimal system. The day is divided into 24 sections known as te̋nas. The day begins at sunrise (nę̋da). In modern times this is considered to be 6:00 a.m. Each of the hours is named for an animal, as follows:
1st hour (6:00 a.m.) | hoopoe | ópofte̋na |
2nd hour | quail | rę́kinte̋na |
3rd hour | grebe | kuite̋na |
4th hour | stork | hoste̋na |
5th hour | swan | kųᵹte̋na |
6th hour | honey bee | vįte̋na |
7th hour (noon) | eagle | orte̋na |
8th hour | swift | ᵹelte̋na |
9th hour | loon | axte̋na |
10th hour | heron | rǫðte̋na |
11th hour | goose | gąrte̋na |
12th hour | butterfly | pą́pilte̋na |
13th hour (6:00 p.m.) |
woodpecker | pįxte̋na |
14th hour | snipe | tilte̋na |
15th hour | gull | meɱte̋na |
16th hour | osprey | gaste̋na |
17th hour | grasshopper | fefte̋na |
18th hour | nightingale | áɱęðte̋na |
19th hour (midnight) |
owl | simte̋na |
20th hour | gyrfalcon | árgifte̋na |
21st hour | jay | ceihte̋na |
22nd hour | dove | álunte̋na |
23rd hour | mallard | naþte̋na |
24th hour | kingfisher | cę́rolte̋na |
- The daylight hours are comprised of eight unequal sections:
1 | daybreak | ahtőda | |
2 | dawn | va̋iᵹa | daybreak to sunrise |
3 | sunrise | nę̋da | |
4 | morning | ą̋ȝa | sunrise to noon |
5 | noon | lőuna | |
6 | afternoon | sı̋xa | noon to sunset |
7 | sunset | dų̋a | |
8 | evening | ȝı̋ta | sunset to nightfall |
nightfall | ląþtőda | ||
midnight | meðlą̋ta |
- Telling time is always done by addition, never by subtraction; thus, 2:45, not 15 minutes (a quarter) to 3. The hour (te̋na) is told by the ordinal number. Thus 2:00 is düőta te̋na, the second hour. The minutes (te̋nka) are told by the cardinal numbers. Thus 2:45 is düőta te̋na düo xÿűr pen, the second hour forty-five. If there are seconds (sa̋mpa), they are added to the minutes using the co-ordinating conjunction. Thus, 2:45:16 is düőta te̋na düo xÿűr penküe kűsküe.
- Keeping time is the task of one of the adepts in each citadel. He is known as the tenpǫ̋þlu, the time guardian. He is also known as the ȝą̋xlu, the chandler. It is solely his task to make candles from the bees’ wax, both for lighting and for keeping time.
The Lunar Cycle – zęrmőda
- The lunar cycle contains twelve or thirteen months (e̋ida). The first month begins at midnight of the day on which the first crescent of the first new moon after hemsűka is sighted. The other months begin at midnight on the day of the successive new moons. These months are merely numbered.
- The lunar months are divided into halves. The waxing moon (ɱǫge̋ida) extends from the date of the new moon to the date of the full moon. The waning moon (lųde̋ida) extends from the date of the full moon to the date of the new moon.
Calendar summary - ahlúxtaga̋s ı̋sra
- s° = Sefdaanian degree; c° = contemporary degree.
ahlűka date |
za̋lta month |
me̋a degree s°/c° |
þasmődo zodiac |
þęxe̋so element |
na̋no flower |
ȝe̋ra season |
sa̋rno festival |
sűka turning | |
12/22 | toɱę̋a | 0°/270° | kı̋te tur |
gą̋lo air |
ȝűri honeysuckle |
Capricorn | hemsűka winter solstice |
||
1/21 | ce̋ra | 30°/300° | ve̋re bear |
ą̋þe fire |
mą̋ki poppy |
Aquarius | kı̋ða late winter |
||
2/2 | 45°/315° | kiðsa̋rno late winter festival |
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2/20 | pı̨̋ta | 60°/330° | őre eagle |
water | lavender | Pisces | kiðsűka | ||
3/20 | ke̋sa spring |
kespa̋ra vernal equinox |
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3/22 | tı̋ba | 90°/0° | mőre horse | earth | rose | Aries | spring | ||
4/21 | na̋na | 120°/30° | ca̋se hare | wood | labűᵶi clematis |
Taurus | kes̨űka | ||
5/5 | 135°/45° | kes̨a̋rno spring festival |
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5/21 | tı̨̋þa | ||||||||
5/22 | 150°/60° | he̋le | stone | eba̋ki hollyhock |
Gemini | summer | |||
6/21 | ga̋þa | 180°/90° | ta̋ure aurochs |
air | sÿűmi violet |
Cancer | lęþsűka summer solstice |
lęþsűka | |
7/20 | kőȝa | fire | pűi primrose |
kų̋ra late summer |
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7/23 | 210°/120° | bı̨̋re lion | late summer | Leo | |||||
8/6 | 225°/135° | kųrsa̋rno late summer festival |
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8/19 | ą̋ka | water | water lily | kųrsűka | |||||
8/23 | 240°/150° | pą̋me dragon |
Virgo | ||||||
9/18 | cada | earth | ace̋nti lady slipper |
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9/23 | 270°/180° | epe̋re boar |
Libra | ı̋fa autumn |
ifpa̋ra autumn equinox |
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10/18 | gűsa | wood | ðerge̋ni dogwood |
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10/23 | 300°/210° | epe̋re squirrel |
Scorpius | ||||||
11/5 | 315°/225° | ifsa̋rno autumn festival |
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11/17 | lų̋fa | sı̋zi crocus |
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11/22 | 330°/240° | la̋ce salmon |
Sagittarius | he̋ma winter |
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12/17 | ɱǫ́ᵹpena̋ha intercalary |