Abaka: Difference between revisions
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*All /p/ is deleted UNLESS: | *All /p/ is deleted UNLESS: | ||
:# It occurs at the end of a word, in which case it is instead changed to /s/. (This is due to a grammatical relation in Pabappa itself in which /p/ and /s/ change places at the ends of words in some operations.) | :# It occurs at the end of a word, in which case it is instead changed to /s/. (This is due to a grammatical relation in Pabappa itself in which /p/ and /s/ change places at the ends of words in some operations.) | ||
:# It occurs as the second element in a consonant cluster with itself (/pp/) or certain other consonants, in which case it becomes /k/. | :# It occurs as the first element in certain consonant clusters. For example, ''-ps-'' becomes '''-ts-''', ''-pt-'' becomes ''-tt-''. | ||
:# It occurs as the second element in a consonant cluster with itself (/pp/) or certain other consonants, in which case it becomes /k/. Note that this means /pp/ becomes /k/, not /kk/. | |||
:# It results from an earlier /f/ sound, in which case it remains as /p/. That is to say, Abaka shifted away all of its /p/, but then participated in Pabappa's later shift of /f/ to /p/. Thus Pabappa ''papabom'' "drum" becomes '''apabom''', as the older form of the word in Pabappa was ''pafabom''. Additionally, any Pabappa /w/ that results from a historical /f/ is also changed to /p/. Knowledge of the etymology of the word is thus necessary to complete this shift. Note that Abaka's different paths for historical /f/ and /p/ causes some words which have become homophones in Pabappa to remain distinct. For example, Pabappa ''pippi'' "sad, depressed" becomes Abaka '''ippi''', but Pabappa ''pippi'' "labor contractions" becomes Abaka ''ispi''. | :# It results from an earlier /f/ sound, in which case it remains as /p/. That is to say, Abaka shifted away all of its /p/, but then participated in Pabappa's later shift of /f/ to /p/. Thus Pabappa ''papabom'' "drum" becomes '''apabom''', as the older form of the word in Pabappa was ''pafabom''. Additionally, any Pabappa /w/ that results from a historical /f/ is also changed to /p/. Knowledge of the etymology of the word is thus necessary to complete this shift. Note that Abaka's different paths for historical /f/ and /p/ causes some words which have become homophones in Pabappa to remain distinct. For example, Pabappa ''pippi'' "sad, depressed" becomes Abaka '''ippi''', but Pabappa ''pippi'' "labor contractions" becomes Abaka ''ispi''. | ||
*Vowel sequences resulting from the lost /p/ are left intact, although sequences of two or more identical vowels are spelled with macrons. Thus Pabappa ''pipipi'' "city" is simply Abaka '''ī'''. (Extensions of words are used to disambiguate homophones, just as in Pabappa itself.) | *Vowel sequences resulting from the lost /p/ are left intact, although sequences of two or more identical vowels are spelled with macrons. Thus Pabappa ''pipipi'' "city" is simply Abaka '''ī'''. (Extensions of words are used to disambiguate homophones, just as in Pabappa itself.) | ||
==Notes== | |||
Revision as of 17:00, 19 July 2016
Abaka is a fork of Pabappa intended to give the language a phonology more closely resembling a typical average language. It achieves this by the remarkably simple step of deleting all /p/ in the language, with a few exceptions largely explained by grammar. I have several variants of Abaka. The rules for deriving the primary Abaka from Pabappa are below:
- All /p/ is deleted UNLESS:
- It occurs at the end of a word, in which case it is instead changed to /s/. (This is due to a grammatical relation in Pabappa itself in which /p/ and /s/ change places at the ends of words in some operations.)
- It occurs as the first element in certain consonant clusters. For example, -ps- becomes -ts-, -pt- becomes -tt-.
- It occurs as the second element in a consonant cluster with itself (/pp/) or certain other consonants, in which case it becomes /k/. Note that this means /pp/ becomes /k/, not /kk/.
- It results from an earlier /f/ sound, in which case it remains as /p/. That is to say, Abaka shifted away all of its /p/, but then participated in Pabappa's later shift of /f/ to /p/. Thus Pabappa papabom "drum" becomes apabom, as the older form of the word in Pabappa was pafabom. Additionally, any Pabappa /w/ that results from a historical /f/ is also changed to /p/. Knowledge of the etymology of the word is thus necessary to complete this shift. Note that Abaka's different paths for historical /f/ and /p/ causes some words which have become homophones in Pabappa to remain distinct. For example, Pabappa pippi "sad, depressed" becomes Abaka ippi, but Pabappa pippi "labor contractions" becomes Abaka ispi.
- Vowel sequences resulting from the lost /p/ are left intact, although sequences of two or more identical vowels are spelled with macrons. Thus Pabappa pipipi "city" is simply Abaka ī. (Extensions of words are used to disambiguate homophones, just as in Pabappa itself.)
