Senjecas Orthographies: Difference between revisions
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*In some orthographies a diacritic is used to indicate a long vowel; in others the grapheme is doubled. | *In some orthographies a diacritic is used to indicate a long vowel; in others the grapheme is doubled. | ||
*In some orthographies labialization and palatalization are indicated by a diacritic; in others a special grapheme is used. | *In some orthographies labialization and palatalization are indicated by a diacritic; in others a special grapheme is used. | ||
*Few languages have a [[Wikipedia:voiceless labialized velar approximant|voiceless labio-velar approximant]]. In most cases, this is transliterated into Senjecas with whatever grapheme represents [[Wikipedia:labio-velar approximant|<w>]] which does not occur in Senjecas. | |||
*In the Senjecan alphabet order, these 33 graphemes are ordered according to the point of articulation. Thus, there are five groups, known as clans ('''űka'''). | *In the Senjecan alphabet order, these 33 graphemes are ordered according to the point of articulation. Thus, there are five groups, known as clans ('''űka'''). | ||
#labial ('''feműka''') | #labial ('''feműka''') | ||
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*A column is left blank in the table for the [[Wikipedia:tengwar|tengwar]]; they may some day be available on Frathwiki. | *A column is left blank in the table for the [[Wikipedia:tengwar|tengwar]]; they may some day be available on Frathwiki. | ||
*A blank space indicates that a suitable grapheme has not yet been found. | *A blank space indicates that a suitable grapheme has not yet been found. | ||
===The Labial Clan - '''feműka'''=== | ===The Labial Clan - '''feműka'''=== | ||
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| align=center |'''va''' | | align=center |'''va''' | ||
| align=center |β | | align=center |β | ||
| align=center |ϐ | | align=center |ϐ<sup>1</sup> | ||
| align=center |в | | align=center |в | ||
| align=center |ვ | | align=center |ვ | ||
| Line 220: | Line 222: | ||
| align=center |'''ƿa''' | | align=center |'''ƿa''' | ||
| align=center |m̊ | | align=center |m̊ | ||
| align=center |ϝ | | align=center |ϝ<sup>2</sup> | ||
| align=center |ӎ | | align=center |ӎ | ||
| align=center |მ̣ | | align=center |მ̣ | ||
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| align=center |ㄇ | | align=center |ㄇ | ||
|} | |} | ||
====Notes==== | |||
# The cursive beta <ϐ> represents /β/. It does not have a descender. | |||
# The archaic digamma <ϝ> represents /m̥/. | |||
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| align=center |'''ða''' | | align=center |'''ða''' | ||
| align=center |ð | | align=center |ð | ||
| align=center |ϑ | | align=center |ϑ<sup>1</sup> | ||
| align=center |ҙ | | align=center |ҙ | ||
| align=center |თ | | align=center |თ | ||
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| align=center |'''ła''' | | align=center |'''ła''' | ||
| align=center |l̥ | | align=center |l̥ | ||
| align=center |ƛ | | align=center |ƛ<sup>2</sup> | ||
| align=center |ӆ | | align=center |ӆ | ||
| align=center |ლ̇ | | align=center |ლ̇ | ||
| Line 384: | Line 390: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
====Notes==== | |||
# The Greek script theta symbol <ϑ> represents /ð/. | |||
# The barred lambda <ƛ> represents /l̥/. | |||
| Line 409: | Line 419: | ||
| align=center |'''ca''' | | align=center |'''ca''' | ||
| align=center |ʦ | | align=center |ʦ | ||
| align=center | | | align=center |ϻ<sup>6</sup> | ||
| align=center |ц | | align=center |ц | ||
| align=center |ც | | align=center |ც | ||
| Line 427: | Line 437: | ||
| align=center | '''ƶa''' | | align=center | '''ƶa''' | ||
| align=center |ʣ | | align=center |ʣ | ||
| align=center |ϡ | | align=center |ϡ<sup>7</sup> | ||
| align=center |ѕ | | align=center |ѕ | ||
| align=center |ძ | | align=center |ძ | ||
| Line 445: | Line 455: | ||
| align=center |'''sa''' | | align=center |'''sa''' | ||
| align=center |s | | align=center |s | ||
| align=center | | | align=center |ς<sup>8</sup> | ||
| align=center |с | | align=center |с | ||
| align=center |ს | | align=center |ს | ||
| Line 515: | Line 525: | ||
| align=center |ㄋ | | align=center |ㄋ | ||
|} | |} | ||
====Notes==== | |||
# The archaic [[Wikipedia:San (letter)|san]] <ϻ> represents /ʦ/. | |||
# The archaic [[Wikipedia:Sampi|sampi]] <ϡ> represents /ʣ/. | |||
# The sigma form <σ> is not used. | |||
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| align=center |'''ᵹa''' | | align=center |'''ᵹa''' | ||
| align=center |ʝ | | align=center |ʝ | ||
| align=center |ϙ | | align=center |ϙ<sup>9</sup> | ||
| align=center |ѓ | | align=center |ѓ | ||
| align=center |ღ | | align=center |ღ | ||
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| align=center |'''ha''' | | align=center |'''ha''' | ||
| align=center |ȷ̊ | | align=center |ȷ̊ | ||
| align=center |ⱶ | | align=center |ⱶ<sup>10</sup> | ||
| align=center |h | | align=center |h | ||
| align=center |ჱ | | align=center |ჱ | ||
| Line 630: | Line 645: | ||
| align=center |'''ȝa''' | | align=center |'''ȝa''' | ||
| align=center |j | | align=center |j | ||
| align=center |j | | align=center |j<sup>11</sup> | ||
| align=center |j | | align=center |j | ||
| align=center |ჲ | | align=center |ჲ | ||
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| align=center |ཟ | | align=center |ཟ | ||
| align=center |ㄐ | | align=center |ㄐ | ||
|} | |} | ||
====Notes==== | |||
# The archaic [[Wikipedia:Koppa (letter)|qoppa]] <ϙ> represents /ɣ/. | |||
# The half heta <ⱶ> represents /j̊/. | |||
# The Greek [[Wikipedia:J|yot]] <j> represents /j/. | |||
Revision as of 09:41, 19 April 2016
Pronunciation table – ṡą́spafṅa̋ro
| p | b | f | v | ƿ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ł | l | c | ƶ | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ᵹ | h | ȝ | š | ṡ | i | e | a | ɔ | o | u | ı | ɛ | y | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̊/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ |
Sample text from dictionary
Dictionary of Senjecas: The First Language
senȝeka̋' saƿlűvo: se̋mta ȝe̋ka
ςηνjηκα' ςαϝλυϐo: ςημτα jηκα
ceнjeкac' caӎлувo: ceмтa jeкa
שֵניֵכַשְֵ שַמּלֻּבֹ: שֵמּתַּ יֵכַ
სენჲეკასჷ საჳლუვჵ: სემტა ჲეკა
սէնյէկասը սաևլուվօ: սէմտա յէկա
कयॅ॑ तमसॅ॑ :भोलु॑वस सॆकयॅ॑नसॅ
ᛊᛖᚾᛃᛖᚲᚨᛊᛂ ᛊᚨᚹᛛᚣᚡᛟ ᛊᛖᛗᛏᚨ ᛃᛖᚲᚨ
ⵙ ⵆ ⵏⵢⵆ ⴽⴰⵙ ⴻ ⵙ ⴰⵡ ⵍⵓⵠ ⵈ : ⵙ ⵆ ⵎ ⵜⴰ ⵢⵆ ⴽⴰ
ལེནཟེཀྸལ ལྸམལུབྷོ: ལེམཏྸ ཟེཀྸ
General notes – kőino tűsos
- In the Senjecan alphabet there are 33 graphemes, one for each of the phonemes. There are 24 consonants, six vowels (each of which can be long or short), and three weak vowels.
- In some orthographies a diacritic is used to indicate a long vowel; in others the grapheme is doubled.
- In some orthographies labialization and palatalization are indicated by a diacritic; in others a special grapheme is used.
- Few languages have a voiceless labio-velar approximant. In most cases, this is transliterated into Senjecas with whatever grapheme represents <w> which does not occur in Senjecas.
- In the Senjecan alphabet order, these 33 graphemes are ordered according to the point of articulation. Thus, there are five groups, known as clans (űka).
- labial (feműka)
- dental (rįsűka)
- alveolar (muitűka)
- palatal (vainűka)
- vowel (ą́ršenűka)
- A column is left blank in the table for the tengwar; they may some day be available on Frathwiki.
- A blank space indicates that a suitable grapheme has not yet been found.
The Labial Clan - feműka
| Lat | name | IPA | Grk | Cyr | Arm | Geo | Dev | Gla | Run | Tng | Heb | Ara | Tif | Kat | Tib | Bop |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p | pa | p | π | п | պ | პ | प | ⱂ | ᛈ | פּ | پ | ⵒ | ㄅ | པ | ㄆ | |
| b | ba | b | β | б | ბ | բ | ब | ⰱ | ᛒ | בּ | ٮ | ⴱ | ㄅ゛ | བ | ㄅ | |
| f | fa | ɸ | ɸ | ф | ფ | ֆ | फ | ᚠ | ⱇ | פ | ڡ | ⴼ | ㇷ | ཕ | ㄈ | |
| v | va | β | ϐ1 | в | ვ | վ | भ | ᚡ | ⰲ | ב | ف | ⵠ | ㇷ゛ | བྷ | ㄪ | |
| ƿ | ƿa | m̊ | ϝ2 | ӎ | მ̣ | մ̣ | व | Ⰼ | ᚹ | מ | م | ⵡ | ヱ | ཝ | ||
| m | ma | m | μ | м | მ | մ | म | ᛗ | ⰿ | מּ | ݥ | ⵎ | メ | མ | ㄇ |
Notes
- The cursive beta <ϐ> represents /β/. It does not have a descender.
- The archaic digamma <ϝ> represents /m̥/.
The Dental Clan - rįsűka
| Lat | name | IPA | Grk | Cyr | Arm | Geo | Dev | Gla | Run | Tng | Heb | Ara | Tif | Kat | Tib | Bop |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t | ta | t | τ | т | ტ | տ | त | ᛏ | ⱅ | תּ | ط | ⵜ | テ | ཏ | ㄊ | |
| d | da | d | δ | д | დ | դ | द | ᛞ | ⰴ | דּ | ظ | ⴷ | デ | ད | ㄉ | |
| þ | þa | θ | θ | c̨ | თ̇ | թ̇ | थ | ⱚ | ᚦ | ת | د | ⵝ | ㄊ | ཐ | ||
| ð | ða | ð | ϑ1 | ҙ | თ | թ | ध | ⱚ | ᚧ | דּ | ذ | ⴸ | ㄊ゛ | དྷ | ||
| ł | ła | l̥ | ƛ2 | ӆ | ლ̇ | ղ | ळ | ᛪ | ⱈ | ל | ل | ⵐ | ཤ | |||
| l | la | l | λ | л | ლ | լ | ल | ᛛ | ⰾ | לּ | ڶ | ⵍ | ལ | ㄌ |
Notes
- The Greek script theta symbol <ϑ> represents /ð/.
- The barred lambda <ƛ> represents /l̥/.
The Alveolar Clan - muitűka
| Lat | name | IPA | Grk | Cyr | Arm | Geo | Dev | Gla | Run | Tng | Heb | Ara | Tif | Kat | Tib | Bop |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| c | ca | ʦ | ϻ6 | ц | ც | ծ | च | ᛋ | ⱌ | צ | طص | ⵜⵙ | ㄗ | ཙ | ㄔ | |
| ƶ | ƶa | ʣ | ϡ7 | ѕ | ძ | ձ | ज | ᛨ | ⰷ | צ | ﻅﺽ | ⴶ | ㄗ | ཛ | ㄓ | |
| s | sa | s | ς8 | с | ს | ծ | स | ᛊ | ⱄ | ס | ص | ⵙ | ス | ལ | ㄙ | |
| z | za | z | ζ | з | ზ | զ | ज़ | ᛉ | ⰸ | ז | ض | ⵣ | ズ | ཟཡ | ㄗ | |
| r | ra | r̥ | ρ | р | რ | ր | र | ᚱ | ⱃ | ר | ر | ⵖ | レ | ར | ㄖ | |
| n | na | n | ν | н | ნ | ն | न | ᚾ | ⱀ | נ | ں | ⵏ | ド | ན | ㄋ |
Notes
- The archaic san <ϻ> represents /ʦ/.
- The archaic sampi <ϡ> represents /ʣ/.
- The sigma form <σ> is not used.
The Palatal Clan - vainűka
| Lat | name | IPA | Grk | Cyr | Arm | Geo | Dev | Gla | Run | Tng | Heb | Ara | Tif | Kat | Tib | Bop |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| k | ka | c | κ | к | კ | կ | क | ᚲ | ⰽ | כ | ک | ⴽ | ケ | ཀ | ㄎ | |
| g | ga | ɟ | γ | г | გ | գ | ग | ᚷ | ⰳ | ג | ݢ | ⴳ | ゲ | ག | ㄍ | |
| x | xa | ç | χ | ќ | ჯ | խ̣ | ख | ᛪ | ⱈ | ח | ﺣ | ⴿ | ㄎ | ཁ | ||
| ᵹ | ᵹa | ʝ | ϙ9 | ѓ | ღ | խ | घ | ⰶ | ᛩ | ק | ﺧ | ⴿ | ㄎ゛ | ག | ||
| h | ha | ȷ̊ | ⱶ10 | h | ჱ | հ | ह | ⱍ | ᚺ | ה | ه | ⵀ | ヘ | ཧ | ||
| ȝ | ȝa | j | j11 | j | ჲ | յ | य | ⰺ | ᛃ | י | ى | ⵢ | ベ | ཟ | ㄐ |
Notes
- The archaic qoppa <ϙ> represents /ɣ/.
- The half heta <ⱶ> represents /j̊/.
- The Greek yot <j> represents /j/.
The Vowel Clan - áršenűka
| Lat | name | IPA | Grk | Cyr | Arm | Geo | Dev | Gla | Run | Tng | Heb | Ara | Tif | Kat | Tib | Bop |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| i į |
i | i i: |
ι ῖ |
и ӥ |
ი იი |
ի իի |
इ ई |
ⰹ ⰹⰹ |
ᛁ ᛁᛁ |
ב בִ |
ی یٓ |
ⵉ ⵉⵉ |
イ イｰ |
ལི ㄧ |
ལཱི | |
| e ę |
e | e e: |
η ῆ |
е ë |
ე ეე |
է էէ |
ए ऐ |
ᛖ ᛖᛖ |
ⰵ ⰵⰵ |
אֵ אֵֽ |
ے ےٰ |
‹ « |
エ エｰ |
ལེ ㄜ |
ལཻ ㆤ | |
| a ą |
a | a a: |
α ᾶ |
а ä |
ა აა |
ա աա |
अ आ |
ᚨ ᚨᚨ |
ⰰ ⰰⰰ |
אַ אַֽ |
ا ﺁ |
ⴰ ⴰⴰ |
ア アｰ |
ལྸ ㄚ |
ལཱ | |
| ɔ ɔ̨ |
ɔ | ɔ ɔ: |
ω ῶ |
w ẅ |
ო ოო |
ո ոո |
ऋ ॠ |
ᚮ ᚮᚮ |
ⱉ ⱉⱉ |
אָ אׇֽ |
ݝ ݞ |
= == |
ㄠ ㄠｰ |
ལྲྀ | ལཷ | |
| o ǫ |
o | o o: |
ο õ |
o ö |
ჵ ჵჵ |
օ օօ |
ओ औ |
ᛟ ᛟᛟ |
ⱁ ⱁⱁ |
אֹ אֹֽ |
ع عٓ |
- -- |
オ オｰ |
ལོ ㄛ |
ལཽ ㆦ | |
| u ų |
u | u u: |
υ ῦ |
у ÿ |
უ უუ |
ու ուու |
उ ऊ |
ᚣ ᚣᚣ |
ⱆ ⱆⱆ |
אֻ אֻֽ |
و وٓ |
ⵓ ⵓⵓ |
ウ ウｰ |
ལུ ལཱུ |
ㄨ | |
| ı | nı̋þi | ɪ | ῐ | ы | ի̇ | ი̈ | इॆ | ⱏ | ᛦ | אְִ | ལ | |||||
| ε | nı̋þe | ε | ε | ә | ե | ჷ | ऎ | ⱐ | ᛂ | אְֵ | ལ | ㄝ | ||||
| y | nı̋þu | ʊ | ῠ | ў | ու̈ | უ̈ | उॆ | ⱛ | ᛇ | אְֻ | ལ |
Labialization (fémšenkı̋a) and Palatalization (váinšenkı̋a)
| Lat | name | IPA | Grk | Cyr | Arm | Geo | Dev | Gla | Run | Tng | Heb | Ara | Tif | Kat | Tib | Bop |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ṡ | sʲ | σῐ | cь | व्य | ⱄ | ᛊ | שי | صۥ | ⵙⵯ | サｦ | ལྺ | |||||
| š | sʷ | σῠ | cъ | स्य | ᛊᛃ | שו | صۦ | ⵙ ⵐ | サﾖ | ལྻ |
