First things: Difference between revisions

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1. Polite phrases
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align:center;"
{|
!  
|Yes||No||Please||Thank you (very much)||No, thank you||You're welcome
!Bilabial
!Dental
!Alveolar
!Palatal
|-
|-
!ítu||nítu||tum sǫ̋ra||(me̋ƶa) vų̋m-a vų̋l-a:
! style = ""|Plosives
| align=center | p /p/
b /b/
| align=center | t /t/
d /d/
| align=center | c /ʦ/
ƶ /ʣ/
| align=center | k /c~k/
g /ɟ~g/
|-
|-
|ítu||n=ítu||t-um sǫ̋r-a||(large) debt-NOM.SG there-is-IND
! style = ""|Spirants
| align=center | f /ɸ/
v /β/
| align=center | þ /θ/
ð /ð/
| align=center | s /s/
z /z/
| align=center | x /ç~x/
ᵹ /ç~ʝ
|-
|-
|thus||not-thus||2-MOT.SG beseech-IND||(large) debt there-is
! style = ""|Sonorants
| align=center | ɱ /m̥/
m /m/
| align=center | ł /l̥/
l /l/
| align=center | r /ɾ̥/
n /n/
| align=center | h /ȷ̊/
ȝ /j/
|}
|}




{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align:center;"
!  
!Front
!Near-front
!Central
!Near-back
!Back
|-
! style = ""|Close
| align=center | i /i/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |u /u/
|-
! style = ""|Near-close
| align=center |
| align=center | ı /ɪ/
| align=center |
| align=center |y /ʊ/
| align=center |
|-
! style = ""|Mid
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |ɘ /ə/
| align=center |
| align=center |
|-
! style = ""|Close-mid
| align=center |e /e/
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |o /o/
|-
! style = ""|Open
| align=center |
| align=center |
| align=center |a /a/
| align=center |
| align=center |ɔ /ɑ/
|}




==Polite phrases==
{|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
| align=center |Yes
| align=center |No
| align=center |Please
| align=center |Thank  you (very much)
| align=center |No, thank you
| align=center |You're welcome
|-
! align=center |ítu
! align=center |nítu
! align=center |tum sǫ̋ra<sup>1</sup>
! align=center |(me̋ƶa) vų̋ma vų̋la:<sup>2</sup>
! align=center |nítu.<sup>3</sup> (tu) kétu fa̋cu (e̋sa):
! align=center |vų̋ma vų̋la ne:


{|
|Yes||No||Please||Thank you (very much)
|-
|-
!ítu||nítu||tum sǫ̋ra||(me̋ƶa) vų̋m-a vų̋l-a:
| align=center |thus
| align=center |not-thus
| align=center |you-MOT.SG beseech-IND
| align=center |(large) debt-NOM.SG there.be-IND
| align=center |not-thus(you-NOM.SG) too kind be-IND)
| align=center |debt-NOM.SG there.be-IND ne
|}
 
*Notes:
:<sup>1</sup>If understood from the context, the subject personal pronoun is omitted.
:<sup>2</sup>A colon is used to mark the end of a sentence.
:<sup>3</sup>A period is used instead of a comma.
 
{|class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
| align=center |Excuse me.
| align=center |That's all right.
| align=center |I'm sorry.
| align=center |What did you say?
| align=center |Well-met!
| align=center |Welcome!
|-
|-
!ítu||n=ítu||t-um sǫ̋r-a||(me̋ƶa) vų̋m-a vų̋l-a
! align=center |šǫ̋ðome<sup>1</sup>:
! align=center |no sűo e̋sa:
! align=center |kı̋nos dą̋a:
! align=center |e-tę̋ua<sup>2</sup> ne:
! align=center |sųmǫ̋daþu
! align=center |sųǧe̋raþu
|-
|-
|thus||not-thus||2-MOT.SG beseech-IND||(large) debt-NOM.SG there-is-IND
| align=center |pass-SUBJ-Q
| align=center |that-NOM.SG well-NOM.SG be-IND
| align=center |tear-NOM.PL flow-IND
| align=center |PST=pay.attention-IND not
| align=center |well-meet-IND-PPTCP
| align=center |well-receive-IND-PPTCP
|}
|}
*Notes:
:<sup>1</sup>The imperative is formed with the suffix '''-e''', but it is more polite to use the subjunctive form which ends in '''-o'''.
:<sup>2</sup>The prefix '''e-''' marks the past tense.

Revision as of 13:30, 20 January 2016

  Bilabial Dental Alveolar Palatal
Plosives p /p/

b /b/

t /t/

d /d/

c /ʦ/

ƶ /ʣ/

k /c~k/

g /ɟ~g/

Spirants f /ɸ/

v /β/

þ /θ/

ð /ð/

s /s/

z /z/

x /ç~x/

ᵹ /ç~ʝ

Sonorants ɱ /m̥/

m /m/

ł /l̥/

l /l/

r /ɾ̥/

n /n/

h /ȷ̊/

ȝ /j/


  Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
Close i /i/ u /u/
Near-close ı /ɪ/ y /ʊ/
Mid ɘ /ə/
Close-mid e /e/ o /o/
Open a /a/ ɔ /ɑ/


Polite phrases

Yes No Please Thank you (very much) No, thank you You're welcome
ítu nítu tum sǫ̋ra1 (me̋ƶa) vų̋ma vų̋la:2 nítu.3 (tu) kétu fa̋cu (e̋sa): vų̋ma vų̋la ne:
thus not-thus you-MOT.SG beseech-IND (large) debt-NOM.SG there.be-IND not-thus(you-NOM.SG) too kind be-IND) debt-NOM.SG there.be-IND ne
  • Notes:
1If understood from the context, the subject personal pronoun is omitted.
2A colon is used to mark the end of a sentence.
3A period is used instead of a comma.
Excuse me. That's all right. I'm sorry. What did you say? Well-met! Welcome!
šǫ̋ðome1: no sűo e̋sa: kı̋nos dą̋a: e-tę̋ua2 ne: sųmǫ̋daþu sųǧe̋raþu
pass-SUBJ-Q that-NOM.SG well-NOM.SG be-IND tear-NOM.PL flow-IND PST=pay.attention-IND not well-meet-IND-PPTCP well-receive-IND-PPTCP
  • Notes:
1The imperative is formed with the suffix -e, but it is more polite to use the subjunctive form which ends in -o.
2The prefix e- marks the past tense.
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