Ilya: Difference between revisions
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'''Ilya''' relies on verbs and their modifiers to express many subtleties of meaning, the '''Ilya''' verb can generally function as a verb, adjective, or preposition, but the rules of use are very simple. | '''Ilya''' relies on verbs and their modifiers to express many subtleties of meaning, the '''Ilya''' verb can generally function as a verb, adjective, or preposition, but the rules of use are very simple. | ||
== verb modifiers == | == verb modifiers == | ||
* '''i-''' - reflexive | * '''i-''' - reflexive [REFL] | ||
* '''ba-''' - negative | :: '''iwagana''' - <small>REFL-1sg-see-PROG</small> - ''I see myself.'' | ||
* '''-sh''' - past tense | * '''ba-''' - negative [NEG] | ||
* '''-é''' - interrogative | * '''-sh''' - past tense [PST] | ||
* '''-a''' - progressive | * '''-é''' - interrogative [Q] | ||
* '''-ó''' - habitual | :: '''yeshgané''' - <small>2sg.OBJ-PST-see-Q</small> - ''Were you seen?'' | ||
* '''-a''' - progressive [PROG] | |||
* '''-ó''' - habitual [HAB] | |||
= nouns = | = nouns = | ||
Revision as of 12:27, 11 January 2016
- See also: Ilya dictionary
- See also: Ilya phrases
- á é í ó ú
sounds
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labiovelar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosives | p b | t d | k g | ʔ (q) | ||
| Nasals | m | n | ||||
| Fricatives | s | ʃ (sh) | ||||
| Approximants | l | j (y) | w | h | ||
| Trill | r |
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
grammar
Ilya is an agglutinating language. Its vocabulary consists of basic roots which can be extended into different parts of speech, their meaning changed or modified, with various suffixes. Most of the suffixes are optional, so that there is a choice of what sort of information to convey with a given word.
verbs
Ilya relies on verbs and their modifiers to express many subtleties of meaning, the Ilya verb can generally function as a verb, adjective, or preposition, but the rules of use are very simple.
verb modifiers
- i- - reflexive [REFL]
- iwagana - REFL-1sg-see-PROG - I see myself.
- ba- - negative [NEG]
- -sh - past tense [PST]
- -é - interrogative [Q]
- yeshgané - 2sg.OBJ-PST-see-Q - Were you seen?
- -a - progressive [PROG]
- -ó - habitual [HAB]
nouns
number
- x - horse
- x - horses
gender
pronouns
Both subject and object are marked on the verb; however, there is no indication of whether either is singular or plural (except for ‘you’ objects). For convenience I offer a list of some possible combinations.
- xx - xx
- xx - xx
- xx - xx
- xx - xx
prefixes
- wa- - first person singular
- ha(n)- - first person plural
- ya- - second person singular
- (q)a- - second person plural
There are no personal pronouns - they aren’t needed, since persons are indicated on the verb. There are a limited number of deictics and quantifiers:
- ku- - this
- shu- - that (by you)
- u- - that (over there); other; another
- wi- - same; the same
- ni- - each; every
- le- - some
- ba- - none
noun classes
- x- - people; places
- x- - trees; weather; natural phenomena
- x- - groups of objects; collective
- x- - tools; artifacts
- x- - body parts and functions
- x- - animals; noises
- x- / a- - abstract; null
adpositions
locative affixes
- x- - static location
- x- - inside of an object
- x- - under water
- x- - into water
- x- - on top of
- x- - under
- x- - through
- x- - out of
- x- - above or over
- x- - in the air
- x- - across
- x- - on / at / away from
- x- - along / back to
- x- - over there
- x- - to / towards
