Elbic: Difference between revisions
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Orthographically, these are represented by: | |||
<br/> | |||
<div style="text-align: center;"> | |||
{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;" | |||
!colspan=11 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Vowels | |||
|- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em" | |||
| ||colspan=2| Front ||colspan=2| Near-front ||colspan=2| Central ||colspan=2| Near-back ||colspan=2| Back | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| High || í || || || || || || || || || ú | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Near-high || || || ì || || || || || ù || || | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| High-mid || || || é || || || || || || || ó | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Mid || || || || || à | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Low-mid || || || è || || || || || || || ò | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Near-low || || || | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Low || || || || || á | |||
|} | |||
</div> | |||
There are a set of unaccented vowels <a e i o u>. These, when stressed, are pronounced as the acute vowels, when unstressed as the grave vowels. | |||
<br/> | <br/> | ||
<div style="text-align: center;"> | <div style="text-align: center;"> | ||
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|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || {{IPA|ɸ}} || {{IPA|β}} || || || {{IPA|θ}} || {{IPA|ð}} || {{IPA|s}} || || {{IPA|ʃ}} || || || || {{IPA|x}} || {{IPA|ɣ}} || | |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || {{IPA|ɸ}} || {{IPA|β}} || || || {{IPA|θ}} || {{IPA|ð}} || {{IPA|s}} || || {{IPA|ʃ}} || || || || {{IPA|x}} || {{IPA|ɣ}} || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || || || || || || {{IPA|dz}} || || || {{IPA|t∫}} || {{IPA|dʒ}} || || || {{IPA|ks}} || | |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || || || || || || {{IPA|dz}} || || || {{IPA|t∫}} || {{IPA|dʒ}} || || ||({{IPA|ks}})|| | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || ||({{IPA|w}})|| || || || || || || || || ||({{IPA|j}}) | |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || ||({{IPA|w}})|| || || || || || || || || ||({{IPA|j}}) | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || || || {{IPA|l}} | |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || || || {{IPA|l}} | ||
|} | |||
</div> | |||
<br/> | |||
<div style="text-align: center;"> | |||
{| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;" | |||
!colspan=17 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Consonants | |||
|- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em" | |||
| ||colspan=2| Bilabial ||colspan=2| Labiod. ||colspan=2| Dental ||colspan=2| Alveolar ||colspan=2| Post-alv. ||colspan=2| Palatal ||colspan=2| Velar ||colspan=2| Glottal | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal || || m || || || || || || n || || || || gn || || | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive || p || b || || || t || d || || || || || || || ch || gh | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || hp || hb || || || ht || hd || s || || x || || || || hch || hgh || | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || || || || || || z || || || c || g || || || (x) || | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || ||(u)|| || || || || || || || || ||(i) | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Trill || || || || || || || || r | |||
|- | |||
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || || || l | |||
|} | |} | ||
</div> | </div> |
Revision as of 12:51, 21 May 2006
Helvica | |
---|---|
Pronounced: | /ElvIk@/ |
Timeline and Universe: | Ill Bethisad |
Species: | Human |
Spoken: | Elba |
Total speakers: | 30,000 |
Writing system: | Latin |
Genealogy: | Indo-European Italic |
Typology | |
Morphological type: | Inflecting |
Morphosyntactic alignment: | Nominative-Accusative |
Basic word order: | SVO |
Credits | |
Creator: | Sectori |
Created: | May 2006 |
Elbic is the language of the Principality of Elba, an island off the coast of Tuscany. It is a Central and Southern Italian language, related to Neapolitan and Tuscan Italian. It has two sets of changes to initial consonants, similar to the mutations found in the Celtic consonants: the geminate mutation (also found in Neapolitan), and the gorgic mutation (Tuscan Italian).
Phonology and Orthography
The Elbic alphabet contains 37 distinct letters. There are 15 vowel letters representing ten sounds. Elbic has the following vowels:
Vowels | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | ||||||
High | i | u | ||||||||
Near-high | ɪ | ʊ | ||||||||
High-mid | e | o | ||||||||
Mid | ə | |||||||||
Low-mid | ɛ | ɔ | ||||||||
Near-low | ||||||||||
Low | a |
Orthographically, these are represented by:
Vowels | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | ||||||
High | í | ú | ||||||||
Near-high | ì | ù | ||||||||
High-mid | é | ó | ||||||||
Mid | à | |||||||||
Low-mid | è | ò | ||||||||
Near-low | ||||||||||
Low | á |
There are a set of unaccented vowels <a e i o u>. These, when stressed, are pronounced as the acute vowels, when unstressed as the grave vowels.
Consonants | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bilabial | Labiod. | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alv. | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||||
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | |||||||||||||
Plosive | p | b | t | d | k | g | ||||||||||
Fricative | ɸ | β | θ | ð | s | ʃ | x | ɣ | ||||||||
Affricate | dz | t∫ | dʒ | (ks) | ||||||||||||
Approximants | (w) | (j) | ||||||||||||||
Trill | r | |||||||||||||||
Lateral Approximant | l |
Consonants | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bilabial | Labiod. | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alv. | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||||
Nasal | m | n | gn | |||||||||||||
Plosive | p | b | t | d | ch | gh | ||||||||||
Fricative | hp | hb | ht | hd | s | x | hch | hgh | ||||||||
Affricate | z | c | g | (x) | ||||||||||||
Approximants | (u) | (i) | ||||||||||||||
Trill | r | |||||||||||||||
Lateral Approximant | l |