Kala lexicon: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
''Main Article'': [[Kala|''Kala'']]
:''See also'': [[Kala thematic lexicon|''Thematic Lexicon'']]
== General Lexica ==
*The majority of lexical units in '''Kala''' can have multiple roles.
*Most have a primary role, such as verb, noun or adjective, but almost all can serve in at least two roles.
*Because of this, this list is sorted alphabetically and not by part of speech or category.
*Abbreviations used:
*''adj.'' - adjective
*''adv.'' - adverb
*''art.'' - article
*''conj.'' - conjunction
*''det.'' - determiner
*''inter.'' - interjection
*''n.'' - noun
*''num.'' - number
*''part.'' - particle
*''prep.'' - preposition
*''pron.'' - pronoun
*''v.'' - verb
* Note: All Japanese borrowings are recorded using [[wikipedia:Hiragana|Hiragana]] regardless of original reading, i.e. [[wikipedia:On'yomi#On.27yomi_.28Chinese_reading.29|On'yomi]], [[wikipedia:On'yomi#Kun.27yomi_.28Japanese_reading.29|Kun'yomi]], or [[wikipedia:On'yomi#Other_readings|other readings]].
{{Template:Kala}}
== k ==
*'''k''' - <big>'''-ㄱ'''</big> - from ''Nahuatl'' [[wiktionary:ah-|ah-]] - ''suf.'' indicates negative of any verb or a lack of a noun
:''Compare'':    '''na ke mihu yoha''' - I have a cat. | '''na ke mihuk yoha''' - I have no cat. | '''na ke mihu yohak''' - I do not have a cat.
*'''ka''' - <big>'''가'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:か#Particle|か]] - ''part.'' interrogative particle, placed at the end of interrogative phrase
:''Example'':    '''mo  ta yala ka''' - Where are you going?
*'''kala''' - <big>'''가라'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:كلم|كلم]] - ''n.'' language | ''v.'' to speak, say, talk
*'''kam''' - <big>'''감'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:هم|هم]] - ''pron.'' third person singular
*'''kampa''' - <big>'''감바'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:かんぱい|かんぱい]] - ''inter.'' Cheers! | common toast used when drinking in company
*'''kama''' - <big>'''가마'''</big> - from ''Lithuanian'' [[wiktionary:kaimas|kaimas]] - ''n.'' village, town, borough | city, municipality
*'''kamala''' - <big>'''가마라'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:قمر|قمر]] - ''n.'' moon, lunar body | any substantially sized natural satellite of a planet
*'''kamusa''' - <big>'''가므사'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:قاموس|قاموس]] - ''n.'' dictionary, lexicon | publication that explains the meanings of an ordered list of words
*'''kasuma''' - <big>'''가스마'''</big> - from ''Alabama'' [[wiktionary:kasooma|kasooma]] - ''n.'' onion, used as vegetable and spice
*'''ka'e''' - <big>'''가어'''</big> - from ''Czech'' [[Wiktionary:k#Czech|k]] - ''prep.'' to, toward(s), at / in the direction of, and arriving at
:''Example'': '''ha  ka'e tsaka yalaye''' - She went to(ward) the house.
*'''ka'o''' - <big>'''가오'''</big> - (<big>'''七'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 7
*'''kayoma''' - <big>'''가요마'''</big> - from ''[[Kala]]'' '''ka'o''' + '''yoma''' - ''n.'' Wednesday (seventh day of the '''[[Kala]]''' week)
*'''kaua''' - <big>'''가우'''</big> -  from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:قهوة|قهوة]] - ''n.'' coffee
*'''kyampi''' - <big>'''걈비'''</big> - from ''Swahili'' [[wiktionary:kiambishi|kiambishi]] - ''n.'' affix, that which is affixed | linguistics: a bound morpheme added to a word’s stem
*'''ke''' - <big>'''거'''</big> - from ''multiple'' [[Wiktionary:que|que]] - ''art.'' the / a | ''conj.'' than / that; connects comparisons and acts as an indefinite pronoun | ''part.'' topic marker, accusative case; a grammatical marker preceding the direct object
:''Examples'': '''ke tsaka''' - The house. | '''na ke tsaka anyaye''' - I saw the house. | '''ke tsaka nayo''' - The house is mine. / My house.
*'''ketla''' - <big>'''거타'''</big> - ''adj./n.'' red, having red as its color (see also '''aka'i''')
*'''kye'o''' - <big>'''겨오'''</big>  -  ''num.'' cardinal number 100,000
*'''ko''' - <big>'''고'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:こ|こ]] - ''n.'' person, human, individual | ''suf.'' agentive suffix indicating doer or possessor of trait
*'''koto''' - <big>'''고도'''</big> - from ''Japanese''  [[wiktionary:鼓#Kanji|鼓]] - ''n.'' drum (instrument) | ''v.'' to beat a drum (beat, top, strike)
*'''kompo''' - <big>'''곰보'''</big> - from ''Ainu'' [[wiktionary:コンボ|コンボ]] - ''n.'' seaweed, marine plants and algae
*'''kua''' - <big>'''구'''</big> - from ''Mandarin'' [[wiktionary:侇|侇]] - ''adv./det./n.'' all / each / every
*'''kuama''' - <big>'''구마'''</big> - from ''[[Kala]]'' '''kua''' + '''ama''' - ''adv.'' always, forever | eternal
*'''kuatla''' - <big>'''구타'''</big> - from ''Nahuatl'' [[wiktionary:coatl|coatl]] - ''n.'' snake, serpent
*'''kuetsa''' - <big>'''규자'''</big> - from ''Zapotec'' [[wiktionary:gueza|gueza]] - ''n.'' cigarette
*'''ku''' - <big>'''그'''</big> - ''n.'' number / amount / digit, numeral (see also '''o''')
*'''kuna''' - <big>'''그나'''</big> - from ''multiple'' [[wiktionary:kuna#Pitta-Pitta|kuna]] - ''n.'' excrement, shit, dung | ''v.'' to shit, defecate
*'''kuma''' - <big>'''그마'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:くま|くま]] - ''n.'' bear, ursine / large mammal of family Ursidae
*'''kipo''' - <big>'''기보'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:きぼう|きぼう]] - ''n./v.'' (to) hope, aspire / aspiration
*'''kiso''' - <big>'''기소'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:きそ|きそ]] - ''adj./n.'' base / basic / basis / foundation / ground / root
== n ==
*'''nkata''' - <big>'''은가다'''</big> - from ''Swahili'' [[wiktionary:mkataba|mkataba]] - ''n.'' agreement; understanding between individuals | ''v.'' agree, concur, assent
*'''nkapa''' - <big>'''은가바'''</big> - from ''Warlpiri'' [[wiktionary:ngapa#Warlpiri|ngapa]] - ''n.'' alcohol, grog
*'''nkono''' - <big>'''은고노'''</big> - from ''Swahili'' [[wiktionary:ngono|ngono]] - ''n.'' act of sexual intercourse | ''v.'' to have sex with
*'''ntsompo''' - <big>'''은좀보'''</big> - from ''Chichewa'' [[wiktionary:mchombo|mchombo]] - ''n.'' navel, belly button, remnant of umbilical cord
*'''na''' - <big>'''나'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:انا|انا]] - ''pro.'' first person singular | ''suf.'' feminine gender
*'''naka''' - <big>'''나가'''</big> - from ''Hebrew'' [[wiktionary:נקבה|נקבה]] - ''n.'' woman, female
*'''nasa''' - <big>'''나사'''</big> - from ''Spanish'' [[wiktionary:nacer|nacer]] - ''v.'' be born / given birth to
*'''na'o''' - <big>'''나오'''</big> (<big>'''一'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 1
*'''naha''' - <big>'''나하'''</big> - from ''Hebrew'' [[wiktionary:נהר|נהר]] - ''n.'' river, stream | ''v.'' to stream, flow in a continuous or steady manner
*'''nahe''' - <big>'''나허'''</big> - from ''German'' [[wiktionary:nach|nach]] - ''prep.'' during / hence / in / inside / into / within
*'''nye'o''' - <big>'''녀오'''</big> (<big>'''百'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 100
== t ==
*'''ta''' - <big>'''다'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:انت|انت]] - ''pro.'' second person singular | ''suf.'' masculine gender
*'''taka''' - <big>'''다가'''</big> -  ''n./v.'' honor, esteem, respect, veneration
*'''tana''' - <big>'''다나'''</big> -  ''n./v.'' fight, combat, battle
*'''tanu''' - <big>'''다느'''</big> - from ''Avestan'' [[wiktionary:tanu|tanu]] - ''n.'' body, anatomy | corpse
*'''tama''' - <big>'''다마'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:تمام|تمام]] - ''adj.'' good, well, exceptional, superb, not bad, alright, satisfactory, decent
*'''tasa''' - <big>'''다사'''</big> - ''n./v.'' hunt, seek (out), look for / track
*'''ta'o''' - <big>'''다오'''</big> (<big>'''二'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 2
*'''taya''' - <big>'''다야'''</big> - from ''Romanian'' [[wiktionary:tăia|tăia]] - ''n./v'' cut, slice / incision
*'''taha''' - <big>'''다하'''</big> - from ''CJK'' [[wiktionary:大|大]] - ''adj.'' big, grand, large
*'''tipa''' - <big>'''디바'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:طيب|طيب]] - ''adj./adv.'' satisfactory, reasonably good; not exceptional / satisfactorily, sufficiently well
*'''tima''' - <big>'''디마'''</big> - from ''Proto-Semitic'' [[wiktionary:Appendix:Proto-Semitic_*dam-|dam]] - ''n.'' blood, vital liquid flowing in animal bodies | ''v.'' bleed; lose blood through an injured blood vessel
== l ==
== m ==
*'''m''' - <big>'''-ㅁ'''</big> - from ''Hebrew'' [[wiktionary:־ים|־ים]] - ''suf.'' indicates plural of nouns (often omitted, most especially when other words indicating amount are present)
*'''mpana''' - <big>'''음바나'''</big> - from ''Swahili'' [[wiktionary:mpana|mpana]] - ''adj.'' broad, wide | ''n.'' width
*'''ma''' - <big>'''마'''</big> - from ''Maori'' [[wiktionary:mā|mā]] - ''conj.'' and, also, as well | ''v.'' to add / plus
*'''ma'o''' - <big>'''마오'''</big> (<big>'''四'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 4
*'''mue'o''' - <big>'''뮤오'''</big> - (<big>'''万'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 10,000
*'''mahala''' - <big>'''마하라'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:محل|محل]] - ''n.'' shop, store; place where items can be purchased
== p ==
*'''pa''' - <big>'''바'''</big> - ''suf.'' abilitative modal suffix, appended to verbs
:''Example'': I go - '''na yala''' | I can go / I am able to go - '''na yalapa'''
*'''pako''' - <big>'''바고'''</big> - from ''Tagalog'' [[wiktionary:bago|bago]] - ''adj.'' new, fresh, recent
*'''pato''' - <big>'''바도'''</big> - from ''Spanish'' [[wiktionary:pato|pato]] - ''n.'' duck , aquatic bird of the family ''Anatidae''
*'''pa'o''' - <big>'''바오'''</big> - (<big>'''八'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 8
*'''patlitsa''' - <big>'''바티자'''</big> - from ''Turkish'' [[wiktionary:patlıcan|patlıcan]] - ''n.'' eggplant (the edible fruit of the ''solanum melongena'')
== s ==
*'''sa''' - <big>'''사'''</big> - from ''Proto-Semitic'' [[wiktionary:Appendix:Proto-Semitic_*šalām-|salam]] - ''n.'' peace, tranquility, quiet
*'''sama''' - <big>'''사마'''</big> - from ''Proto-Semitic'' [[wiktionary:Appendix:Proto-Semitic_*śamš-|samsh]] - ''adj.'' solar | ''n.'' sun, any star, especially when seen as the center of any single solar system
*'''sa'o''' - <big>'''사오'''</big> - (<big>'''九'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 9
*'''sahala''' - <big>'''사하라'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:صحراء|صحراء]] - ''n.'' desert, barren  area of land or desolate terrain
== a ==
*'''a''' - <big>'''아'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:ある|ある]] - ''adv.'' yes | ''v.'' to be, exist
*'''akala''' - <big>'''아가라'''</big> - from ''Spanish'' [[wiktionary:agalla|agalla]] - ''n.'' gill, lung, breathing organ
*'''aki''' - <big>'''아기'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:あき|あき]] - ''n.'' fall, autumn
*'''ata''' - <big>'''아다'''</big> - from ''Turkish'' [[wiktionary:ad#Turkish|ad]] - ''n.'' name | noun / ''v.'' to (be) name(d)
*'''ato''' - <big>'''아도'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:どう|どう]] - ''n.'' torso | chest, belly
*'''ama''' - <big>'''아마'''</big> - from ''Irish'' [[wiktionary:am#Irish|am]] - ''n.'' time, inevitable passing of events
*'''aposi''' - <big>'''아보시'''</big> - from ''Chickasaw'' [[wiktionary:aboshi|aboshi]] - ''n.'' toilette, restroom, outhouse
*'''apua''' - <big>'''아부'''</big> - ''n.'' song (music with words) | ''v.'' to sing
*'''aya''' - <big>'''아야'''</big> - ''adj.'' beautiful | ''n.'' beauty | ''v.'' to be beautiful
*'''ahi''' - <big>'''아히'''</big> - from ''Kala'' '''a'''  & '''hi''' - ''adj.'' small, little | ''v.'' to be small
*'''ahiya''' - <big>'''아히야  '''</big> - from ''Chickasaw'' [[wiktionary:ahi'|ahi']] - ''n.'' potato
=== ya ===
*'''yaka''' - <big>'''야가'''</big> - from ''Finnish'' [[wiktionary:jalka#Finnish|jalka]] - ''n.'' leg / appendage
*'''yane''' - <big>'''야너'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:بجانب|بجانب]] - ''prep.'' along, beside, next to, adjacent to
*'''yato''' - <big>'''야도'''</big> - from ''Hebrew'' [[wiktionary:יד|יד]] - ''n.'' arm / hand
*'''yala''' - <big>'''야라'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:ياالله|ياالله]] - ''v.'' go, walk, travel
*'''yama''' - <big>'''야마'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:やま|やま]] - ''n.'' mountain, hill / pile, mound
*'''yasa''' - <big>'''야사'''</big> - from ''Lithuanian'' [[wiktionary:vėjas|vėjas]] - ''n.'' wind (movement of air)
*'''ya'o''' - <big>'''야오'''</big> - (<big>'''五'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 5
=== e ===
*'''eya''' - <big>'''어야'''</big> -  ''adv./n.'' maybe (indicating a lack of certainty) / perhaps that is true (pro-sentence) | something that is possibly true
*'''e'o''' - <big>'''어오'''</big> - (<big>'''〇'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 0 / nothing / the absence of an amount
=== ye ===
*'''ye''' - <big>'''여'''</big> - from ''Spanish'' [[wiktionary:ayer|ayer]] - ''suf.'' simple past tense
:''Derivations'': '''anyoye''' - last year | '''yomaye''' - yesterday | '''aye''' - the past
*'''yesa''' - <big>'''여사'''</big> - from ''Proto-Semitic'' [[wiktionary:Appendix:Proto-Semitic_*šalām-|salam]] - ''v.'' to be peaceful, tranquil, quiet
=== o ===
*'''o''' - <big>'''오'''</big> -  ''part.'' honorific article, used to show deference to topic or direct object | ''n.'' number / amount / digit, numeral (see also '''ku''')
*'''oso''' - <big>'''오소'''</big> - from ''Japanese'' [[wiktionary:おそそ|おそそ]] - ''n.'' genitalia
=== yo ===
*'''yo''' - <big>'''요'''</big> - from ''Mandarin'' [[wiktionary:有#Mandarin|有]] - ''suf.'' pronominal possessive
:''Example'': '''nayo''' - my / mine
*'''yoha''' - <big>'''요하'''</big> - from ''Mandarin'' [[wiktionary:有#Mandarin|有]] - ''v.'' have, possess
:''Example'': '''na tsala yoha''' - I have sauce.
=== ua ===
*'''ua''' - <big>'''우'''</big> - from ''Aramaic'' [[wiktionary:או#Aramaic|או]] - ''adj./adv./conj./det.'' or / other / either | ''aff.'' attached to '''ota''' or '''ona''' indicates male or female sibling relationship respectively
*'''uana''' - <big>'''우나'''</big> - ''adv.'' there, that place / over there / yonder
*'''uanata''' - <big>'''우나다'''</big> - from ''[[Kala]]'' '''ua''' + '''nata''' - ''n.'' sibling, one's brother or sister
*'''ua'e''' - <big>'''우어'''</big> - from ''Old Irish'' [[wiktionary:úa|úa]] - ''prep.'' on, upon / on top of / above / about, concerning
=== ue ===
*'''ue''' - <big>'''유'''</big> - from ''Icelandic'' [[wiktionary:vilja#Icelandic|vilja]] - ''suf.'' indicates volitive of verb
*'''ue'o''' - <big>'''유오'''</big> - (<big>'''十'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 10
*'''ueha''' - <big>'''유하'''</big> - from ''Icelandic'' [[wiktionary:vilja#Icelandic|vilja]] - ''v.'' want / desire
=== u ===
*'''unya''' - <big>'''으냐'''</big> - from ''Albanian'' [[wiktionary:njoh|njoh]] - ''n.'' knowledge, understanding, acquaintance (with) | ''v.'' to know, understand
*'''ute''' - <big>'''으더'''</big> - from ''Norwegian'' [[wiktionary:ute|ute]] - ''prep.'' out / outside / out of
=== i ===
*'''i''' - <big>'''이'''</big> -  ''aff.'' prefixed to cardinal numbers to create the fractional | suffixed to familial terms to create the junior or child form
:''Examples'': '''ue'o''' - ten > '''iue'o''' - a tenth | '''ota''' - father > '''ota'i''' - boy, son, nephew
== ts ==
*'''tsaka''' - <big>'''자가'''</big> - from ''Chickasaw/Choctaw'' [[wiktionary:chuka|chuka]] - ''n.'' house, home, dwelling, abode
*'''tsala''' - <big>'''자라'''</big> - from ''multiple'' [[wiktionary:salsa|salsa]] - ''n.'' paste, sauce
*'''tsapa''' - <big>'''자바'''</big> - from ''Turkish'' [[wiktionary:çaba|çaba]] - ''n./v.'' struggle, endeavor
*'''tsa'o''' - <big>'''자오'''</big> - (<big>'''六'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 6
*'''tsa'i''' - <big>'''자이'''</big> - from ''Turkish'' [[wiktionary:çay|çay]] - ''n.'' tea
*'''tsayoma''' - <big>'''자요마'''</big> - from ''[[Kala]]'' '''tsa'o''' + '''yoma''' - ''n.'' Tuesday (sixth day of the '''[[Kala]]''' week)
*'''tsuku''' - <big>'''즈그'''</big> - ''adj./n.'' blue, having blue as its color
*'''tsikua''' - <big>'''지구'''</big> - from ''Cherokee'' [[wiktionary:ᏥᏍᏆ|ᏥᏍᏆ]] - ''n.'' bird, member of the class of animals Aves
== tl ==
*'''tlaka''' - <big>'''타가'''</big> - from ''Nahuatl'' [[wiktionary:tlacatl|tlacatl]] - ''n.'' man | ''adj.'' male, masculine
*'''tlela''' - <big>'''터라'''</big> -  ''adj.''/''v.'' clean, wash
*'''tle'o''' - <big>'''터오'''</big> - (<big>'''千'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 1000
*'''tli''' - <big>'''티'''</big> - ''suf.'' simple future tense
:''Derivations'': '''anyotli''' - next year | '''yomatli''' - tomorrow | '''atli''' - the future
== h ==
*'''hanya''' - <big>'''하냐'''</big> - ''n.'' nation, country, state / sovereign entity
*'''ha'o''' - <big>'''하오'''</big> - (<big>'''三'''</big>) -  ''num.'' cardinal number 3
*'''hua''' - <big>'''후'''</big> - from ''Mandarin'' [[wiktionary:花|花]] - ''n.'' flower, blossom / flower arrangement
*'''hika''' - <big>'''히가'''</big> - from ''Chickasaw'' [[wiktionary:hika|hika]] - ''v.'' stop / halt / wait
*'''hina''' - <big>'''히나'''</big> - from ''Arabic'' [[wiktionary:هنا|هنا]] - ''adj.''/''adv.''/''n.'' here / this place
== Index ==
{{Kala index}}
[[Category:Kala]][[Category:General lexica]]

Latest revision as of 05:45, 13 December 2015