Artahšatrānu džaŋgmu: Difference between revisions
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====Gender and number==== | ====Gender and number==== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 475px;" | |||
| rowspan=1 colspan=2 | | |||
! rowspan=1 colspan=3 | Singular | |||
! rowspan=1 colspan=3 | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=2 | Animate | |||
! Masculine | |||
| -a | |||
| '''mana''' | |||
| man | |||
| -ē | |||
| '''manē''' | |||
| men | |||
|- | |||
! Feminine | |||
| -i | |||
| '''kōni''' | |||
| woman | |||
| -in | |||
| '''kōnī''' | |||
| women | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=1 colspan=2 | Inanimate | |||
| -u | |||
| '''hakmu''' | |||
| stone | |||
| -ȳ | |||
| '''hakmȳ''' | |||
| stones | |||
|} |
Revision as of 10:07, 27 May 2015
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Labiodental | Dental ~ Alveolar | Palatalized dental ~ Alveolar | Postalveolars | Palatal | Velar | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasals | m | n | ŋ | ||||
Plosive | p pʰ b | t tʰ d | k kʰ g | ||||
Affricates | t͡s t͡sʰ d͡z | t͡sʲ t͡sʲʰ d͡zʲ | t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ d͡ʒ | ||||
Fricatives | s z | sʲ zʲ | ʃ ʒ | x ɣ | |||
Trills | r | rʲ | |||||
Lateral approximants | l | lʲ | |||||
Approximants | ʋ | j |
Spelling
/p t tʲ k/ [p t tj k]
/pʰ tʰ tʲʰ kʰ/ [ph th thj kh]
/b d dʲ g/ [b d dj g]
/t͡s t͡sʲ t͡ʃ/ [c cj č]
/t͡sʰ t͡sʲʰ t͡ʃʰ/ [ch chj čh]
/d͡z d͡zʲ d͡ʒ/ [dz dzj dž]
/s sʲ ʃ x/ [s sj š h]
/z zʲ ʒ ɣ/ [z zj ž x]
/m n nʲ ŋ/ [m n nj ŋ]
/r rʲ l lʲ/ [r rj l lj]
/ʋ j/ [v j]
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Short | Long | Short | Long | Short | Long | |
Close | iː yː | uː | ||||
Near close | ɪ ʏ | ʊ | ||||
Close-Mid | eː | oː | ||||
Open-Mid | ɛ | ɔ | ||||
Open | ä | äː |
Spelling
/ɪ ʏ ʊ/ [i y u]
/ɛ ɔ/ [e o]
/ä/ [á]
/iː yː uː/ [ī ȳ ū]
/eː oː/ [ē ō]
/ɑː/ [ā]
Phonotactics
(C)(C)V(ː)(R)(C)
Accent
- penultimate primary acute accent
- ultimate secondary gravis accent
Grammar
Nouns
Gender and number
Singular | Plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Animate | Masculine | -a | mana | man | -ē | manē | men |
Feminine | -i | kōni | woman | -in | kōnī | women | |
Inanimate | -u | hakmu | stone | -ȳ | hakmȳ | stones |