WALS Poll Conlang/Phonology: Difference between revisions
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==Consonants== | ==Consonants== | ||
14 consonants | 14 consonants. | ||
{| | |||
! || Bilabial || Alveolar || Palatal || Velar || Uvular | |||
|- | |||
! Voiceless stops | |||
| | |||
| t | |||
| | |||
| k | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! Voiced stops | |||
| b | |||
| d | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! Fricatives | |||
| | |||
| s | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| χ | |||
|- | |||
! Lateral fricatives | |||
| | |||
| ɬ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! Approximants | |||
| w | |||
| | |||
| j | |||
| | |||
| ʀ | |||
|- | |||
! Laterals | |||
| | |||
| l | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!Nasals | |||
| m | |||
| n | |||
| | |||
| ŋ | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
==Vowels== | |||
Short vowels: /i e a o u/ | |||
Long vowels: /iː aː uː/ | |||
Diphthongs: /ae ao ei ai oi eu au ou/ | |||
==Suprasegmentals== | ==Suprasegmentals== | ||
Primary stress falls on the second syllable, and secondary stress follows an iambic pattern. | Primary stress falls on the second syllable, and secondary stress follows an iambic pattern. | ||
Vowel length is contrastive | |||
Neither tone nor nasalization contrast. | Neither tone nor nasalization contrast. | ||
| Line 23: | Line 73: | ||
==Phonotactics== | ==Phonotactics== | ||
Syllable structure is moderately complex. The maximal syllable is | Syllable structure is moderately complex. The maximal syllable is CCVC. Onset clusters consist of an obstruent and a sonorant. Codas may only occur after short vowels. /j w/ are disallowed codas. | ||
ŋ may occur initially. | ŋ may occur initially. | ||
==Allophony== | |||
* Stops t, k, b, d become affricates ͡ts, ͡kx,͡bv, ͡dz in simple stressed onsets. | |||
* b becomes p when in contact with a voiceless consonant. | |||
* Fricatives s, ɬ, χ become affticates ͡ts, ͡tɬ, ͡qχ word initially. | |||
* s becomes z between vowels. | |||
* l becomes ʎ before j, ɫ in codas. | |||
* n becomes ɲ before j. | |||
* Front vowels i, iː, e round to y, yː, ø when in contact with w | |||
* a aː become æ, æː when the next vowel is front. | |||
Latest revision as of 01:38, 9 November 2014
Consonants
14 consonants.
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voiceless stops | t | k | |||
| Voiced stops | b | d | |||
| Fricatives | s | χ | |||
| Lateral fricatives | ɬ | ||||
| Approximants | w | j | ʀ | ||
| Laterals | l | ||||
| Nasals | m | n | ŋ |
Vowels
Short vowels: /i e a o u/
Long vowels: /iː aː uː/
Diphthongs: /ae ao ei ai oi eu au ou/
Suprasegmentals
Primary stress falls on the second syllable, and secondary stress follows an iambic pattern.
Vowel length is contrastive
Neither tone nor nasalization contrast.
Phonotactics
Syllable structure is moderately complex. The maximal syllable is CCVC. Onset clusters consist of an obstruent and a sonorant. Codas may only occur after short vowels. /j w/ are disallowed codas.
ŋ may occur initially.
Allophony
- Stops t, k, b, d become affricates ͡ts, ͡kx,͡bv, ͡dz in simple stressed onsets.
- b becomes p when in contact with a voiceless consonant.
- Fricatives s, ɬ, χ become affticates ͡ts, ͡tɬ, ͡qχ word initially.
- s becomes z between vowels.
- l becomes ʎ before j, ɫ in codas.
- n becomes ɲ before j.
- Front vowels i, iː, e round to y, yː, ø when in contact with w
- a aː become æ, æː when the next vowel is front.
