Europic: Difference between revisions
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'''Europic''' is a hypothetic language family proposed by [[User:WeepingElf|Jörg Rhiemeier]]. It consists of [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] and [[Old European languages|Old European]] | '''Europic''' is a hypothetic language family proposed by [[User:WeepingElf|Jörg Rhiemeier]]. It consists of [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] and [[Old European languages|Old European]] (to which the [[Albic]] family belongs). There may have been a third branch, ''East Europic'', which exerted a substratum influence on Indo-Iranian. | ||
(to which the [[Albic]] family belongs). | |||
Proto-Europic was spoken around the year 6000 BC on the northern shore of the Euxine Lake (a freshwater lake in the area of, but somewhat smaller than, the Black Sea). The Proto-Europic homeland was destroyed between 5600 and 5500 BC when the sea level rose enought to breach through the Bosporus and the area was inundated in the catastrophc flooding which formed the Black Sea as we know it. Refugees took the language north, where it evolved into Indo-European, and west, where it evolved into Old European. The speakers of Old European were the first Neolithic farmers in central Europe, the bearers of the Linear Pottery culture. | Proto-Europic was spoken around the year 6000 BC on the northern shore of the Euxine Lake (a freshwater lake in the area of, but somewhat smaller than, the Black Sea). The Proto-Europic homeland was destroyed between 5600 and 5500 BC when the sea level rose enought to breach through the Bosporus and the area was inundated in the catastrophc flooding which formed the Black Sea as we know it. Refugees took the language north, where it evolved into Indo-European, and west, where it evolved into Old European. The speakers of Old European were the first Neolithic farmers in central Europe, the bearers of the Linear Pottery culture. | ||
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:::* Vinca | :::* Vinca | ||
:::* Thalassan (conlang by Rob Haden) | :::* Thalassan (conlang by Rob Haden) | ||
:* East Europic | |||
==Proto-Europic Phonology== | |||
The main feature that distinguishes Europic from the other branches of [[Eurasiatic]] is its vowel system, which included only three vowels: '''*a''', '''*i''' and '''*u''', of which '''*a''' was much more frequent than the others. This system is the result of a sound change, the ''Great Vowel Collapse'' (GVC), a merger of all Proto-Europic vowels ''except'' '''*i''' and '''*u''' into '''*a'''. Before the GVC, pre-Proto-Europic underwent another change in the vowel change: ''Resonant-Conditioned Lowering''. Under this rule, high vowels followed by resonants were lowered. The lowered vowels then fell victim to the GVC. This explains the apparent lack of *CeiR- and *CeuR- roots in PIE. | |||
This three-vowel system is attested for the Old European branch by the Old European hydronymy (river names that date back to Old European) and can be reconstructed for pre-ablaut Indo-European. It apparently also remained intact in East Europic long enough to influence the Eastern (Indo-Iranian) subbranch of Indo-European in which PIE '''*a''', '''*e''' and '''*o''' all merged into '''*a''' - it appears as if Eastern IE has undergone the GVC ''twice''. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 13:38, 15 March 2006
Europic is a hypothetic language family proposed by Jörg Rhiemeier. It consists of Indo-European and Old European (to which the Albic family belongs). There may have been a third branch, East Europic, which exerted a substratum influence on Indo-Iranian.
Proto-Europic was spoken around the year 6000 BC on the northern shore of the Euxine Lake (a freshwater lake in the area of, but somewhat smaller than, the Black Sea). The Proto-Europic homeland was destroyed between 5600 and 5500 BC when the sea level rose enought to breach through the Bosporus and the area was inundated in the catastrophc flooding which formed the Black Sea as we know it. Refugees took the language north, where it evolved into Indo-European, and west, where it evolved into Old European. The speakers of Old European were the first Neolithic farmers in central Europe, the bearers of the Linear Pottery culture.
Classification
- Europic
-
- Anatolian
- Core IE-Tocharian
- Core IE
- Northern
- Germanic
- Balto-Slavic
- Baltic
- Slavic
- Western
- Italic
- Latino-Faliscan
- Latin
- Romance
- Faliscan
- Sabellic
- Venetic
- Celtic
- Southern
- Hellenic
- Greek
- Ancient Macedonian
- ?Illyrian
- ?Thracian
- Albanian
- Phrygian
- Armenian
- Eastern
- Indic
- Dardic
- Nuristani
- Iranian
- Tocharian
- Western (LBK)
- Albic (conlang family by Jörg Rhiemeier)
- Northeastern (Tripolye)
- Southeastern (Vinca-Thalassan)
- Vinca
- Thalassan (conlang by Rob Haden)
- East Europic
Proto-Europic Phonology
The main feature that distinguishes Europic from the other branches of Eurasiatic is its vowel system, which included only three vowels: *a, *i and *u, of which *a was much more frequent than the others. This system is the result of a sound change, the Great Vowel Collapse (GVC), a merger of all Proto-Europic vowels except *i and *u into *a. Before the GVC, pre-Proto-Europic underwent another change in the vowel change: Resonant-Conditioned Lowering. Under this rule, high vowels followed by resonants were lowered. The lowered vowels then fell victim to the GVC. This explains the apparent lack of *CeiR- and *CeuR- roots in PIE.
This three-vowel system is attested for the Old European branch by the Old European hydronymy (river names that date back to Old European) and can be reconstructed for pre-ablaut Indo-European. It apparently also remained intact in East Europic long enough to influence the Eastern (Indo-Iranian) subbranch of Indo-European in which PIE *a, *e and *o all merged into *a - it appears as if Eastern IE has undergone the GVC twice.
