Proto-Uralic/P: Difference between revisions
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! *-pp- | ! *-pp- | ||
| *säppä "gall", *śeppä "skilled"<!--FP *räppä "smoke hole"; FMo *käppä "paw", *tuppa- "to fill"--> | | *säppä "gall", *śeppä "skilled"<!--FP *räppä "smoke hole"; FMo *käppä "paw", *tuppa- "to fill"--> | ||
| <!--FS *tüppə- "to be engulfed"--> | | *woppə- "to learn"<!--FS *tüppə- "to be engulfed"--> | ||
| *ćuppɜ "top", *läppɜ "flap"<!--FV *luppɜ "lichen"; WU *kuppɜ "cup"--> | | *ćuppɜ "top", *läppɜ "flap"<!--FV *luppɜ "lichen"; WU *kuppɜ "cup"--> | ||
|- | |- | ||
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! *-w- | ! *-w- | ||
| *uwa "flow", *üwä "belt", *lüwä- "to hit", *puwa- "to strangle" (?), *tiwä "deep" | | *uwa "flow", *üwä "belt", *lüwä- "to hit", *puwa- "to strangle" (?), *tiwä "deep" | ||
| *kiwə "stone", *sewə- "to eat"<!--FMo *tewə "work"; FS *repə- "to tear"--> | | *kiwə "stone", *lë/owə "bone", *sewə- "to eat", *śawə "clay", *śowə "mouth"<!--FV *lowə "gap"; FMo *tewə "work"; FS *repə- "to tear"--> | ||
| *tä(w)wɜ "lung" (?) | | *tä(w)wɜ "lung" (?) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *-tt- | ! *-tt- | ||
| *wo/ëtta- "to take" (?)<!--MoSmy *jotta- "to go"; or Mo ← B--> | |||
| #kowɜttə "6" | | #kowɜttə "6" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *-t- | ! *-t- | ||
| *itä- "to appear", *kota "hut" (← IE), *pata "pot", *we/ätä- "to pull"(← IE)<!--FP #rita "trap"; FMo *uTar "udder" ← IE--> | | *itä- "to appear", *kota "hut" (← IE), *pata "pot", *we/ätä- "to pull"(← IE)<!--FP #rita "trap"; FMo *uTar "udder" ← IE--> | ||
| *kätə "hand", *wetə "water"<!--FV #sïto- "to bind"--> | | *kätə "hand", *wetə "water"<!--FV #sïto- "to bind"; FS *totə "true"--> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *-d₁- | ! *-d₁- | ||
| | | | ||
| *ed₁ə "front", *nüd₁ə "handle", *pid₁ə "long", *wid₁ə- "to kill"<!--FP *kud₁ə- "to weave"--> | | *ad₁ə- "to sleep", *ed₁ə "front", *nüd₁ə "handle", *pid₁ə "long", *wid₁ə- "to kill"<!--FP *kud₁ə- "to weave"--> | ||
| *küd₁ɜ "middle", *küd₁ɜ "bro-in-law", #wid₁ɜm "marrow" | | *küd₁ɜ "middle", *küd₁ɜ "bro-in-law", #wid₁ɜm "marrow" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *-kk- | ! *-kk- | ||
| *lükkä- "to push"<!--FP *mükkä "mute", *tukka "bundle"--> | | *d₂okka- "to push" (?), *lükkä- "to push"<!--FP *mükkä "mute", *tukka "bundle"--> | ||
| *ćo/ukkə "top" | | *ćo/ukkə "top"<!--Ug *jokkə- "to stick in"--> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! *-k- | ! *-k- | ||
| *eKä "uncle", *čäKä- "to put on", *jekä "age" (← IE), #lïka- "to wash", *luka "10", *muka "back", *śekä "catfish"<!--FP *je/äkälä "lichen", *śuka- "to sharpen"; SMo *le/äkä "valley"--> | | *eKä "uncle", *čäKä- "to put on", *čoka "shallow", *jekä "age" (← IE), #lïka- "to wash", *luka "10", *muka "back", *śekä "catfish"<!--FP *je/äkälä "lichen", *śuka- "to sharpen"; SMo *le/äkä "valley"--> | ||
| *kokə- "to find", *lukə- "to read", *näkə- "to see", *nükə- "to tear", *tekə- "to do", *wäkə "power"<!--FKh *me/äkə "hill"; FS *rükə- "to coff"--> | | *kokə- "to find", *lukə- "to read", *näkə- "to see", *nükə- "to tear", *tekə- "to do", *wäkə "power"<!--FKh *me/äkə "hill"; FS *rükə- "to coff"--> | ||
| *juka~*jukə~*jokə "river"<!--MaOU *mäkɜ "honey" (?); FP *nikɜ "new"--> | | *juka~*jukə~*jokə "river"<!--MaOU *mäkɜ "honey" (?); FP *nikɜ "new"--> | ||
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! *-x- | ! *-x- | ||
| - | | - | ||
| *mexə- "to sell", *kixə- "to rut", *śixələ "hedgehog", *wexə- "to take (to)", *wixə- "to take (from)"<!--Ug *jüɣ- "to come"--> | | *mexə- "to sell", *kixə- "to rut", *saxə- "to receive", *śixələ "hedgehog", *toxə- "to bring", *wexə- "to take (to)", *wixə- "to take (from)"<!--PEU *toxə "lake"; Ug *jüɣ- "to come"; FP *šokə- "to say"--> | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 11:52, 4 May 2014
| A-stems | ə-stems | Unclear | Ratio | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *-pp- | *säppä "gall", *śeppä "skilled" | *woppə- "to learn" | *ćuppɜ "top", *läppɜ "flap" | |
| *-p- | *čupa "thin", *kopa "skin", *śepä "neck" | *jepəkä "owl" | ||
| *-w- | *uwa "flow", *üwä "belt", *lüwä- "to hit", *puwa- "to strangle" (?), *tiwä "deep" | *kiwə "stone", *lë/owə "bone", *sewə- "to eat", *śawə "clay", *śowə "mouth" | *tä(w)wɜ "lung" (?) | |
| *-tt- | *wo/ëtta- "to take" (?) | #kowɜttə "6" | ||
| *-t- | *itä- "to appear", *kota "hut" (← IE), *pata "pot", *we/ätä- "to pull"(← IE) | *kätə "hand", *wetə "water" | ||
| *-d₁- | *ad₁ə- "to sleep", *ed₁ə "front", *nüd₁ə "handle", *pid₁ə "long", *wid₁ə- "to kill" | *küd₁ɜ "middle", *küd₁ɜ "bro-in-law", #wid₁ɜm "marrow" | ||
| *-kk- | *d₂okka- "to push" (?), *lükkä- "to push" | *ćo/ukkə "top" | ||
| *-k- | *eKä "uncle", *čäKä- "to put on", *čoka "shallow", *jekä "age" (← IE), #lïka- "to wash", *luka "10", *muka "back", *śekä "catfish" | *kokə- "to find", *lukə- "to read", *näkə- "to see", *nükə- "to tear", *tekə- "to do", *wäkə "power" | *juka~*jukə~*jokə "river" | |
| *-x- | - | *mexə- "to sell", *kixə- "to rut", *saxə- "to receive", *śixələ "hedgehog", *toxə- "to bring", *wexə- "to take (to)", *wixə- "to take (from)" |
