Яжык Аркеоский (Jažyk Arkéoskij): Difference between revisions
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==Vowels== | ==Vowels== | ||
'''Phonemes''' | '''Phonemes''' | ||
:/ɑː/<a> (e.g. like "a" in "add") | :/ɑː/<a>------------------(e.g. like "a" in "add") | ||
:/eɪ/<æ> (e.g. like the "a" in "bade" or "face") | :/eɪ/<æ>-------------------(e.g. like the "a" in "bade" or "face") | ||
:/ɛ/<e> (e.g. like the "e" in "vet") | :/ɛ/<e>-------------------(e.g. like the "e" in "vet") | ||
:/aɪ/<"i"> (e.g.: like the " | :/j aɪ/<"i">---------------(e.g.: like the "y" in "yet" between vowels+ | ||
:/oʊ/<o> (e.g. like the "o" in "oh") | :/oʊ/<o>------------------(e.g. like the "o" in "oh") | ||
:/ə/<"u"> (e.g. like the "u" in "bum" or "tums") | :/ə/<"u">-----------------(e.g. like the "u" in "bum" or "tums") | ||
:/uː/<ɯ> (e.g. like the "oo" sound in "zoo") | :/uː/<ɯ> or <uu>---------(e.g. like the "oo" sound in "zoo") | ||
:/ɪ/<y> (e.g. the "I" in "in" or "tin" | :/ɪ/<y>--------------------(e.g. the "I" in "in" or "tin" | ||
:/iː/<ƴ> (e.g. like the "ee" in "bee" Arkhæn example: ƴtekfot like "eetek-fawt") | :/iː/<ƴ> or <yh>----------(e.g. like the "ee" in "bee" Arkhæn example: ƴtekfot or yhtekfot like "eetek-fawt") | ||
'''Allophony''' | '''Allophony''' | ||
*Letter "A" can also be pronounced as /æ/ like the "a" in "tap". | *Letter "A" can also be pronounced as /æ/ like the "a" in "tap". | ||
*Letter "E" can also be | *Letter "E" can also be pronounced as /eɪ/ if there is an "H" before or after the letter. | ||
*Letter "I" makes a /j/ primarily only between vowels , otherwise the letter is pronounced as /aɪ/ | |||
*Letter "U" can also be pronounced as /ʌ/ like the "u" in "cut" or "strut". | *Letter "U" can also be pronounced as /ʌ/ like the "u" in "cut" or "strut". | ||
*Letter "Ƴ" can also sound like /ɛr/ if it is the first letter and beside an r, example "ƴrgăm". | *Letter "Ƴ" can also sound like /ɛr/ if it is the first letter and beside an r, example "ƴrgăm". | ||
'''Diphthongs''' | '''Diphthongs''' | ||
: | :only one: | ||
*for the /eɪ/ sound: <æ | *for the /eɪ/ sound: <æ> | ||
*for the / | *for the /ʃ/ sound: <ʃ> or sh/ch (makes the "sh" in "shun") | ||
'''Digraphs''' | '''Digraphs''' | ||
:Two letter combinations that make a sound when put together. | :Two letter combinations that make a sound when put together. | ||
:''" | :''"A" related:'' | ||
*for the /aɪ/ sound: < ai and æy> | |||
:''"I" related'' | |||
:/jɪ/<Ii> (e.g. Iitona would sound like the "yi" in "yin") | :/jɪ/<Ii> (e.g. Iitona would sound like the "yi" in "yin") | ||
:/ɪəɹ/<Ie> (e.g. Cierăn: [sɪə'ɹɒn]/sEERawn) | :/ɪəɹ/<Ie> (e.g. Cierăn: [sɪə'ɹɒn]/sEERawn) |
Revision as of 12:28, 13 August 2013
Arkhæn [ɑr.'keɪ.ɨn] or Arkhæo [ɑr.'keɪ.oʊ] is a constructed language. It is spoken by the nation of Arkhæo. The Language contains 29 letters; 8 vowels, 21 consonants, and a diacretic form.
Phonology
Listed below are the phonetics as they are pronounced in roman script.
Vowels
Phonemes
- /ɑː/<a>------------------(e.g. like "a" in "add")
- /eɪ/<æ>-------------------(e.g. like the "a" in "bade" or "face")
- /ɛ/<e>-------------------(e.g. like the "e" in "vet")
- /j aɪ/<"i">---------------(e.g.: like the "y" in "yet" between vowels+
- /oʊ/<o>------------------(e.g. like the "o" in "oh")
- /ə/<"u">-----------------(e.g. like the "u" in "bum" or "tums")
- /uː/<ɯ> or <uu>---------(e.g. like the "oo" sound in "zoo")
- /ɪ/<y>--------------------(e.g. the "I" in "in" or "tin"
- /iː/<ƴ> or <yh>----------(e.g. like the "ee" in "bee" Arkhæn example: ƴtekfot or yhtekfot like "eetek-fawt")
Allophony
- Letter "A" can also be pronounced as /æ/ like the "a" in "tap".
- Letter "E" can also be pronounced as /eɪ/ if there is an "H" before or after the letter.
- Letter "I" makes a /j/ primarily only between vowels , otherwise the letter is pronounced as /aɪ/
- Letter "U" can also be pronounced as /ʌ/ like the "u" in "cut" or "strut".
- Letter "Ƴ" can also sound like /ɛr/ if it is the first letter and beside an r, example "ƴrgăm".
Diphthongs
- only one:
- for the /eɪ/ sound: <æ>
- for the /ʃ/ sound: <ʃ> or sh/ch (makes the "sh" in "shun")
Digraphs
- Two letter combinations that make a sound when put together.
- "A" related:
- for the /aɪ/ sound: < ai and æy>
- "I" related
- /jɪ/<Ii> (e.g. Iitona would sound like the "yi" in "yin")
- /ɪəɹ/<Ie> (e.g. Cierăn: [sɪə'ɹɒn]/sEERawn)
- Ii can also sound like /iː/ only if it is not at the beggining of a word.
- "J" related:
- /wɑ/<joi> (e.g. Joikăn: [wɑ.'kɒn]/wa.kawn)
- "U" related:
- /ɔ/<Ua> (e.g. Uaranzei: <'ɔr.ɑn.zeɪ> or like "orrawnzay")
Diacretic
- The letter "A" with a breve (Ă) denotes that the letter is pronounced as /ɒ/ like in "lawn"
Miscelanious
- Letter "Oon"(Ɯ/ɯ) is majiscule if it occurs after fricatives (d, p, k, etc.) and miniscule if it occurs before them: e.g. "might" MahdƜ vs. "will" Ashrɯd
Consonants
- The consonants of the language is roughly the same as in English, with the exception of letter "C" and "H".
- Latin Letter "C" is pronounced solely like /s/
- Latin Letter "H" is mute at the begginning of words and after consonants "k", "d" and "m" and "n".
- Latin Ligature "ʦ" is a ligature that represents the /ts/ sound.
- Letter "Jza": Dz(miniscule dz)is pronounced as /ʒ/ (e.g. dzakar: [ʒɑ.'kɑr]/like "s" in "vision" or "pleasure")
Morphology
Verbal Morphology
Personal Endings
Arkhæo distinguishes four persons, 3 tenses:
Persons
- 1st person; the speaker(s): I, we
- 2nd person; the adressee(s): you(singular) you(plural)
- 3rd person; other(s): he, she, they;
- Noun; things, ideas, etc.: it;
Tenses
- Distant Past: what happened a long time ago(denoted as "Awhile ago").
- Past: what already happened
- Present: what is happening
- Future: what is going to happen in the short-term
Grammar
Tenses
- In the Past Tense:
- the suffix -en for words that end in consonants and -jen for vowels. This suffix would be equivalent to -ed in english but this applies for all verbs except for:
- The verb "to be" the past tense for "ta"(am) would be "tan" (was), and for ir(are) would be ira(were).
- words that end in nasal consonants, n and m, they would have the suffix -a.
- In Present Tense:
- all verbs stay the way they are.
- In Future Tense:
- The suffix -a for words that end in consonants and the suffix -n for wors that end in vowels, these suffixes would be equivalent tothe suffix -ing.
- Distant Past Tense
- The distant past tense is rarely used in conversations and it is used mainly for referring to actions or things that have been done a while ago and histories(referencing historical texts for example).
- Words would contain the prefix ja- for words that start with consonants and jek- for words that start with vowels. This suffix is equival.ent to "awhile ago" or "a long time ago". example: "I did my work a long time ago" would be "ja-Ze adren myr joirk" or "A long time ago, I finished my work" in english.
Word Order
- The typical word order of Arkhæn is that of the Subject-Verb-Object(SVO) word order.
Things to note:
- Infinite verbs (will, may ,might, shall, etc.) always come after the finite verb (such as learn, know, run, etc.).
- Example, to say "I will unleash my power, it would be translated as "Ze zarev ashrɯd myr kædii" which would then be translated as "I unleash will my power"
- Another example: "I might know this" would be said as "Ze joikăn măhdƜ zar" or "I know might this."