Яжык Аркеоский (Jažyk Arkéoskij): Difference between revisions
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= Grammar = | = Grammar = | ||
==Tenses== | |||
:'''In the Past Tense:''' | |||
:the suffix -en for words that end in consonants and -jen for vowels. This suffix would be equivalent to -ed in english but this applies for all verbs except for: | :the suffix -en for words that end in consonants and -jen for vowels. This suffix would be equivalent to -ed in english but this applies for all verbs except for: | ||
:The verb "to be" the past tense for "ta"(am) would be "tan" (was), and for ir(are) would be ira(were). | :The verb "to be" the past tense for "ta"(am) would be "tan" (was), and for ir(are) would be ira(were). | ||
:words that end in nasal consonants, n and m, they would have the suffix -a. | :words that end in nasal consonants, n and m, they would have the suffix -a. | ||
''':In Present Tense:''' | |||
:all verbs stay the way they are. | :all verbs stay the way they are. | ||
:'''In Future Tense:''' | |||
:The suffix -a for words that end in consonants and the suffix -n for wors that end in vowels, these suffixes would be equivalent tothe suffix -ing. | :The suffix -a for words that end in consonants and the suffix -n for wors that end in vowels, these suffixes would be equivalent tothe suffix -ing. | ||
:The distant past tense is rarely used in conversations and it is used mainly for histories( | :The distant past tense is rarely used in conversations and it is used mainly for referring to actions or things that have been done a while ago and histories(referencing historical texts for example). | ||
:Words would contain the prefix ja- for words that start with consonants and jek- for words that start with vowels. This suffix is equival.ent to "awhile ago" or "a long time ago". example: "''I did my work a long time ago''" would be "''ja-Ze adren myr joirk"'' or ''"A long time ago, I finished my work"'' in english. | |||
==Word Order== | |||
:The typical word order of Arkhæn is that of the Subject-Verob-Object(SVO) word order. | :The typical word order of Arkhæn is that of the Subject-Verob-Object(SVO) word order. | ||
Revision as of 11:56, 13 August 2013
Arkhæn [ɑr.'keɪ.ɨn] or Arkhæo [ɑr.'keɪ.oʊ] is a constructed language. It is spoken by the nation of Arkhæo. The Language contains 29 letters; 8 vowels, 21 consonants, and a diacretic form.
Phonology
Listed below are the phonetics as they are pronounced in roman script.
Vowels
Phonemes
- /ɑː/<a> (e.g. like "a" in "add")
- /eɪ/<æ> (e.g. like the "a" in "bade" or "face")
- /ɛ/<e> (e.g. like the "e" in "vet")
- /aɪ/<"i"> (e.g.: like the "i" in "die" or "pry")
- /oʊ/<o> (e.g. like the "o" in "oh")
- /ə/<"u"> (e.g. like the "u" in "bum" or "tums")
- /uː/<ɯ> (e.g. like the "oo" sound in "zoo")
- /ɪ/<y> (e.g. the "I" in "in" or "tin"
- /iː/<ƴ> (e.g. like the "ee" in "bee" Arkhæn example: ƴtekfot like "eetek-fawt")
Allophony
- Letter "A" can also be pronounced as /æ/ like the "a" in "tap".
- Letter "E" can also be prnounced as /eɪ/ if there is an "H" before or after the letter.
- Letter "U" can also be pronounced as /ʌ/ like the "u" in "cut" or "strut".
- Letter "Ƴ" can also sound like /ɛr/ if it is the first letter and beside an r, example "ƴrgăm".
Diphthongs
- Arkæo sometimes has the same diphthongs for different variations of spelling.
- for the /eɪ/ sound: <æ, and ei>
- for the /aɪ/ sound: < ai and æy>
- for the /ʃ/ sound: <sh and ch>
Digraphs
- Two letter combinations that make a sound when put together.
- "I" related:
- /juː/<Iu> (e.g. Iumega: ['juː.mɛgə]/you-Mega)
- /jɑː/<Ia> (e.g. Iatos: ['jɑː.toʊs]/ya-tos)
- /jɪ/<Ii> (e.g. Iitona would sound like the "yi" in "yin")
- /ɪəɹ/<Ie> (e.g. Cierăn: [sɪə'ɹɒn]/sEERawn)
- Ii can also sound like /iː/ only if it is not at the beggining of a word.
- "J" related:
- /wɑ/<joi> (e.g. Joikăn: [wɑ.'kɒn]/wa.kawn)
- "U" related:
- /ɔ/<Ua> (e.g. Uaranzei: <'ɔr.ɑn.zeɪ> or like "orrawnzay")
Diacretic
- The letter "A" with a breve (Ă) denotes that the letter is pronounced as /ɒ/ like in "lawn"
Miscelanious
- Letter "Oon"(Ɯ/ɯ) is majiscule if it occurs after fricatives (d, p, k, etc.) and miniscule if it occurs before them: e.g. "might" MahdƜ vs. "will" Ashrɯd
Consonants
- The consonants of the language is roughly the same as in English, with the exception of letter "C" and "H".
- Latin Letter "C" is pronounced solely like /s/
- Latin Letter "H" is mute at the begginning of words and after consonants "k", "d" and "m" and "n".
- Latin Ligature "ʦ" is a ligature that represents the /ts/ sound.
- Letter "Jza": Dz(miniscule dz)is pronounced as /ʒ/ (e.g. dzakar: [ʒɑ.'kɑr]/like "s" in "vision" or "pleasure")
Morphology
Verbal Morphology
Personal Endings
Arkhæo distinguishes four persons, 3 tenses:
Persons
- 1st person; the speaker(s): I, we
- 2nd person; the adressee(s): you(singular) you(plural)
- 3rd person; other(s): he, she, they;
- Noun; things, ideas, etc.: it;
Tenses
- Distant Past: what happened a long time ago(denoted as "Awhile ago").
- Past: what already happened
- Present: what is happening
- Future: what is going to happen in the short-term
Grammar
Tenses
- In the Past Tense:
- the suffix -en for words that end in consonants and -jen for vowels. This suffix would be equivalent to -ed in english but this applies for all verbs except for:
- The verb "to be" the past tense for "ta"(am) would be "tan" (was), and for ir(are) would be ira(were).
- words that end in nasal consonants, n and m, they would have the suffix -a.
:In Present Tense:
- all verbs stay the way they are.
- In Future Tense:
- The suffix -a for words that end in consonants and the suffix -n for wors that end in vowels, these suffixes would be equivalent tothe suffix -ing.
- The distant past tense is rarely used in conversations and it is used mainly for referring to actions or things that have been done a while ago and histories(referencing historical texts for example).
- Words would contain the prefix ja- for words that start with consonants and jek- for words that start with vowels. This suffix is equival.ent to "awhile ago" or "a long time ago". example: "I did my work a long time ago" would be "ja-Ze adren myr joirk" or "A long time ago, I finished my work" in english.
Word Order
- The typical word order of Arkhæn is that of the Subject-Verob-Object(SVO) word order.
Things to note:
- Infinite verbs (will, may ,might, shall, etc.) always come after the finite verb (such as learn, know, run, etc.).
- Example, to say "I will unleash my power, it would be translated as "Ze zarev ashrɯd myr kædii " which would then be translated as "I unleash will my power"
- Another example: "I might know this" would be said as "Ze joikăn măhdƜ zar" or "I know might this."