Natlang Uses of Grave Accent: Difference between revisions

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#REDIRECT [[Grave_Accent]]
 
== Grave Accent in Unicode ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Precomposed Letters with Grave Accent
| style="font-size:180%" | ` || style="font-size:180%" | ˋ || style="font-size:180%" | ˴ || style="font-size:180%" | ◌̀ || style="font-size:180%" | ◌̀ || style="font-size:180%" | À || style="font-size:180%" | à || style="font-size:180%" | Ầ || style="font-size:180%" | ầ || style="font-size:180%" | Ằ || style="font-size:180%" | ằ || style="font-size:180%" | È || style="font-size:180%" | è
|-
| U+0060 || U+02CB || U+02F4 || U+0300 || U+0340 || U+00C0 || U+00E0 || U+1EA6 || U+1EA7 || U+1EB0 || U+1EB1 || U+00C8 || U+00E8
|-
| Grave Accent || Modifier Letter Grave Accent || Modifier Letter Middle Grave Accent || Combining Grave Accent || Combining Grave Tone Mark || Latin Capital Letter A With Grave || Latin Small Letter A With Grave || Latin Capital Letter A With Circumflex And Grave || Latin Small Letter A With Circumflex And Grave || Latin Capital Letter A With Breve And Grave || Latin Small Letter A With Breve And Grave || Latin Capital Letter E With Grave || Latin Small Letter E With Grave
|-
| style="font-size:180%" | Ḕ || style="font-size:180%" | ḕ || style="font-size:180%" | Ề || style="font-size:180%" | ề || style="font-size:180%" | Ì || style="font-size:180%" | ì || style="font-size:180%" | Ǹ || style="font-size:180%" | ǹ || style="font-size:180%" | Ò || style="font-size:180%" | ò || style="font-size:180%" | Ṑ || style="font-size:180%" | ṑ || style="font-size:180%" | Ồ
|-
| U+1E14 || U+1E15 || U+1EC0 || U+1EC1 || U+00CC || U+00EC || U+01F8 || U+01F9 || U+00D2 || U+00F2 || U+1E50 || U+1E51 || U+1ED2
|-
| Latin Capital Letter E With Macron And Grave || Latin Small Letter E With Macron And Grave || Latin Capital Letter E With Circumflex And Grave || Latin Small Letter E With Circumflex And Grave || Latin Capital Letter I With Grave || Latin Small Letter I With Grave || Latin Capital Letter N With Grave || Latin Small Letter N With Grave || Latin Capital Letter O With Grave || Latin Small Letter O With Grave || Latin Capital Letter O With Macron And Grave || Latin Small Letter O With Macron And Grave || Latin Capital Letter O With Circumflex And Grave
|-
| style="font-size:180%" | ồ || style="font-size:180%" | Ờ || style="font-size:180%" | ờ || style="font-size:180%" | Ù || style="font-size:180%" | ù || style="font-size:180%" | Ǜ || style="font-size:180%" | ǜ || style="font-size:180%" | Ừ || style="font-size:180%" | ừ || style="font-size:180%" | Ẁ || style="font-size:180%" | ẁ || style="font-size:180%" | Ỳ || style="font-size:180%" | ỳ
|-
| U+1ED3 || U+1EDC || U+1EDD || U+00D9 || U+00F9 || U+01DB || U+01DC || U+1EEA || U+1EEB || U+1E80 || U+1E81 || U+1EF2 || U+1EF3
|-
| Latin Small Letter O With Circumflex And Grave || Latin Capital Letter O With Horn And Grave || Latin Small Letter O With Horn And Grave || Latin Capital Letter U With Grave || Latin Small Letter U With Grave || Latin Capital Letter U With Diaeresis And Grave || Latin Small Letter U With Diaeresis And Grave || Latin Capital Letter U With Horn And Grave || Latin Small Letter U With Horn And Grave || Latin Capital Letter W With Grave || Latin Small Letter W With Grave || Latin Capital Letter Y With Grave || Latin Small Letter Y With Grave
|}
 
== Natlang Examples ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Uses of Grave Accent
! Use
! Language
! Letters
! Notes
|-
| Falling [[Wikipedia:Tone_(linguistics)|tone]]
| [[Wikipedia:Vietnamese_language|Vietnamese]]
| Àà /a̤ː˨˩/, Ằằ /a̤˨˩/, Ầầ /ə̤˨˩/, Èè /ɛ̤˨˩/, Ềề /e̤˨˩/, Ìì /i̤˨˩/, Òò /ɔ̤˨˩/, Ồồ /o̤˨˩/, Ờờ /ə̤ː˨˩/, Ùù /ṳ˨˩/, Ừừ /ɨ̤˨˩/, Ỳỳ /i̤˨˩/
| The grave accent stands for low falling tone with breathy voice. There are many exceptions to the phonemic values of these letters though.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_orthography#Pronunciation]
|-
| rowspan=3 | [[Wikipedia:Vowel_length|Short vowel]]
| [[Wikipedia:Croatian_language|Croatian]], [[Wikipedia:Serbian_language|Serbian]]
| Àà /ǎ/, Èè /ě/, Ìì /ǐ/, Òò /ǒ/, R̀r̀ /ř̩/, Ùù /ǔ/
| The grave accent marks that these vowels are short and have rising pitch. These letters are not used in the standard orthography of Croatian or Serbian, but in linguistic materials.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbo-Croatian_phonology#Pitch_accent]
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Slovene_language|Slovene]] (orthography with dynamic accentuation)
| Àà /ˈa/, Èè /ˈɛ/, Ìì /ˈi/, Òò /ˈɔ/, R̀r̀ /ˈəɾ/, Ùù /ˈu/
| The grave accent marks that these vowels are stressed and short, and that Èè and Òò are mid-open vowels rather than mid-close. These letters are not used in the standard orthography of Slovene, but in language materials.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene_language#Prosody]
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Slovene_language|Slovene]] (orthography with tonal accentuation)
| Àà /á/, Èè /ɛ́/, Ẹ̀ẹ̀ /é/, Ìì /í/, Òò /ɔ́/, Ọ̀ọ̀ /ó/, R̀r̀ /ə́ɾ/, Ùù /ú/
| The grave accent marks that these vowels are short and have high pitch. These letters are not used in the standard orthography of Slovene, but in language materials.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene_language#Prosody]
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Stress_(linguistics)|Stress]]
| [[Wikipedia:Catalan_language|Catalan]]
| Àà /ˈa/, Èè /ˈɛ/, Òò /ˈɔ/
| The rules for when stress is to be marked in Catalan are quite complex. The grave accent also distinguishes stressed /ɛ ɔ/ from /e o/,[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_alphabet#Acute_and_grave_accents] see [[Natlang_Uses_of_Diacritics_in_the_Latin_Alphabet#Acute_Accent|Acute Accent]], Catalan section on ''Uses of Acute Accent''.
|}
 
== See Also ==
*[[Natlang_Uses_of_Diacritics_in_the_Latin_Alphabet|Natlang Uses of Diacritics in the Latin Alphabet]]
 
[[Category:Natscripts]]

Latest revision as of 06:23, 13 August 2013

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