Proto-Uralic/I: Difference between revisions

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|-
|-
| "father; big"
| "father; big"
| *isä || *ɤčē || Mk. '''oćä''' || *ɪza || - || öös || *äs || - || style="color:red"| '''*äjsä'''
| *isä || *ɤčē || Mk. '''oćä''' || *ɪźa || - || öös || *äć || - || style="color:red"| '''*äjsä'''
| Contam. of *äjjä + *iśä in Smy? Mk from ''oću'' "big" < *ićäw (cf. F. *isoi)?
| Contam. of *äjjä + *iśä in Smy? Mk from ''oću'' "big" < *ićäw (cf. F. *isoi)?
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| "little bird"
| "little bird"
| - || *cīcē- || - || - || K. džɨdž || - || - || *čiinč || *sinsä-
| - || *cīcē- || - || - || K. džɨdž || - || - || *čii₂nč || *sinsä-
| Onomatopoetic?
| Onomatopoetic?
|-
|-
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| "sno, frost"
| "sno, frost"
| - || *rīnē || - || *rün || - || - || - || - || -
| - || *rīnē || - || *rün || - || - || - || - || -
|-
| "grandmother"
| - || *īmē || - || - || - || - || - || *ii₁mə || #imä
|-
| ""
| || || || || || || || ||
|-
| ""
| || || || || || || || ||
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10"| Permic ''e'' ~ ''o''
! colspan="10"| Permic ''e'' ~ ''o''
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| - || - || - || *šʏrtə || '''*šort''' || - || - || - || -
| - || - || - || *šʏrtə || '''*šort''' || - || - || - || -
| Or *ü
| Or *ü
|-
| "gums"
| *igen || - || - || - || *aŋ || iiń || - || - || -
|-
| ""
| || || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| ""

Revision as of 21:32, 6 February 2013

Lexeme Finnic Samic Mordv. Mari Permic Hung. Mansi Khanty Samoy. Comments
Std. PU *i_i
"to suck" *ime- ńɤmɤ- - - K. ńim- ëm- - *eem- ńim-, əm- Two variants *imə-, *ńimə-
"stone" *kivi - kev *küj U. ~ K. ki köv- *käw *kööɣ -
"year ring" *süü *sēvɤ - *šɪja *si - *täw - *tiə *siwə?
"name" *nimi *nɤmɤ ĺem *lʏm *ńim neev *näm *neem *nim Cf. IE; PBS *inmen-
"long" *pit-kä - - - - fël-, föl- *pälit *peɬ- *pir-
"tooth" *pii (*pānē) pej *püj *piń fog *päŋk *pööŋk -
"mouse" *hiiri - *šeŋəŕ - *šɨr egeer *täŋkər *ɬööŋkər -
"hedgehog" *siili - *śejəĺ Hi. šülə ~
Me. šulo
- †sül "soule" - - *śixələ, ix → iw → ü in H?
"ceiling space" *sii- - - - *śig - - *siiŋ *sêŋ
"last" *vii- - - - - veeg - - -
"knife" - - - kʏzə - keeš *käšV *kööčəɣ -
"to scrape" - - - - *ńir- ńiir- - - Ne. ńira-
"cloud" *pilvi *pɤlvɤ peĺ *pəl *piĺ- felhöö - *peləŋ - Kh. *e / _CC?
"tongs" *pihti *pɤstɤ peš - K. peš - - - -
"silicon" *pii - - - - - - - #pAj If not same as *piŋə.
"to stay" *pis-ü- - *pezə- pižä- - - - - - 2ndary labialization in F. pysy- etc.
""
"visible" *ilmi *ɤlmɤ - - - - - - - ← *ilma
"wonder" *imeh *ɤmɤs - - - - - - - ← B?
"5" *viici *vītɤ *veťɜ *vəəć *vit öt *ät *weet *wüt H. *wi- → ö-. FS *wiiti.
"gadfly" - - - - - - *päləm *peeɬəm #pil-
Long?
"coal" - čīnɤ - - - seen - - -
Std. PU *i_a (*i_ä)
"eye" *silmä *čɤlmē *śeĺmɜ *s/šinzä *śin(m-) sëm *šäm *seem *səjmä
"father; big" *isä *ɤčē Mk. oćä *ɪźa - öös *äć - *äjsä Contam. of *äjjä + *iśä in Smy? Mk from oću "big" < *ićäw (cf. F. *isoi)?
"to appear" *itä- *ɤcé- *ätər- *eet- *ətä- Cf. IE *ǵīd-
"to pass over" - *vɤlē- - - *vi- öl- *äl- *weeɬ- H. *wi- → ö-
"to smell" - ɤpsē- Mk opəś *üpš- K. is- iiz- *ät- *eepəɬ- *əptə-
"to cover" *pint-eh - - - *pod fëd- *pänt- *peent- -
"age" *ikä *(j)ɤkē Er ije *ij - eev - - - ← IE?
"crowd" - *vɤlvē *veĺɜ *-wəlä - - - - -
"slanted" *vino *vɤńē Er veńaža - - - - - -
"gap" - - - *wiš *vis - - - -
"trap" *rita *rɤtē - *lüðe K. *ri - - - -
"to stick" *pistä- *pɤstē- - Hi. pište- ~ Me. pɤšte- - - - - - *pis-tä-, cf. "to stay"
"belt" *hihna - *kšna *šʏštə - - - - -
"more, to add" *lisä *lɤsē *ĺezɜ - - - - - -
"rowan" *pihlaka - *piźəl *pɪzlə U. paledź
~ K. pelɨź
- *päćər *pećər -
""
*i_o?
"to bind" *sito- - sodo- *šüðəkš - - - - - umlaut in Mo? ô doesn't fit Mari
Loans
"place" *sija *sɤjē - - - - - - - ← Gmc *stīja-
"" *hiici *sijtɤ - - - - - - (Sk *tiitə) ← Gmc *sīdōn
"office, position" *virka *vīrkē - - - - - - - ← Gmc. *wirkja-; F. *virka "sign" ← B. *virge-. Nen. ẃārkā (← *wärkä) "to lasso" doesn't belong
"wax" - - *kšta *šištə U śuś ~ K śiś - - - - ← II
Samic *ī_ē
"breast" *nisä *ńīńčē *ńimsä- Somewhat regular. S. *i → *í also before palatals? (not in *mińa)
"little bird" - *cīcē- - - K. džɨdž - - *čii₂nč *sinsä- Onomatopoetic?
"to let go" - *tīptē- tuvto- - - - - - -
"sno, frost" - *rīnē - *rün - - - - -
"grandmother" - *īmē - - - - - *ii₁mə #imä
""
""
Permic e ~ o
"daughter-in-law" *miniä *mɤńē - - U. -meń ~ K. moń mëń mäń *meeń *mäńä
"to rut" *kej-ma, *kii-ma *kīkɤ- - - U. kemdžɨ- ~ K. koj kej-, höö *käj- *kööj- - *kixi ? S. *kēj-mē- ← F.
"to rip" *kisko- *kɤškó- Er. śkiŕa- ~ Mk. kəśkəŕa- - U. keś- ~ K. koś- kiisaal- E *küštəl- *kös- - OU *ü? H. also köszvény "gout". Cf. *kïčkə-
Messy stuff
"son-in-law" *vävü *vīvɤ ov Hi. wiŋgə ~ Me. weŋə - vöö - *wööŋ *wiŋə Analogy in F from *kälü "daughter-in-law", loaned to S before that?
"knee ~ elbow" - - - - *pidźəs - *päs - -
"frost" - *pīcē - *pöršə *puuž - - *paačəm -
""
"dark" *pim-eða - - - *peĺmɨt - - - *pəjmətä *-ðʲm- ? cf. Smy. #pij "dark"
"to unhair" *nivo- *nɤvē- ńeveĺ- - - - - *noow- *nïŋkə-
"to sho" Es. viisA- - - - U. vodź- ~ K. vidź- viɟaaz- - - - Cf. Gmc?
"slanted" *vita - vaša- Hi. wočɤk ~ Me. wažɤk U vož ~ K *veež - - - - P. "intersection"
"to tear" *riicu- *rīččō- - - *reź- - - - -
"" *riihi - - - U. inšɨr ~ K. rɨnɨš E. rehi. Cf. Ger. Riege?!
"short; to cut" - - - - - rövid - *riiɣ- -
"narro" - - ťäj- - - - - - #täj- Better *ä
"decking" - - - - K. tis(k)a - - - Ne. ćet ~ Ka. tɤɤʔ
"grave" - - - *šüɣer - šiir - - -
"to run; to hurry" - - čije- - - šiet- *ćüw-, *śiɣ- - -
"smoke; fog" - - - - *čɨŋ - *šeeŋkʷ- *čüüɣ Rather *ä or something
"smell" - *cīvnɤ čijńe - - - - - - *čixi-ni?
"to shine" - - - - - süt- šit- - -
"sleigh belt" - *čɤnɤ - - - - - - Ne. śään ← IE?
"hill" E. süŋk - - *šʏŋɣä - šeg *ćääŋk(ʷ) *ćooŋk S *čoaŋkē "tuber" cf. F. *soŋka
"all" - - - *ćɪlä *ćɨl- - - - -
"fang" - *čɤlā- ćilä - - - - - -
"sap" - - - - *li - - - Kam. "lêji"
"to moov" *liikku- - - - - - *luk-, *läkʷ- *ɬok- *ləkə-
"sand" *liiva - - - U. luo ~ K. lɨva - - *ḷowi
"to smash" *licca- - - *ləzərte- ~ "JU" lazerte- K. ĺićkɨ-
"" *lippi - Er. ĺipuža
~ Mk. ĺebžat
- - - - - -
"fire" - - - - - tüüz *täwət *töɣət - ? *tiwätə, or *ü with SMs irregular?
"sweet" *imelä N amiidi - - *juumol - - - - F better ← "to suck"
"yarn" - - - *šʏrtə *šort - - - - Or *ü
"gums" *igen - - - *aŋ iiń - - -
""
""
""