|
|
| Line 7: |
Line 7: |
| ''See also'': [[Kala lexicon|''Kala Lexicon'']] | | ''See also'': [[Kala lexicon|''Kala Lexicon'']] |
|
| |
|
| ==Arithmetic== | | = numbers = |
| | |
| ===Cardinal Numbers===
| |
| | |
| *'''e'o''' - zero / nothing
| |
| *'''na'o''' - one
| |
| *'''ta'o''' - two
| |
| *'''ha'o''' - three
| |
| *'''ma'o''' - four
| |
| *'''ya'o''' - five
| |
| *'''tsa'o''' - six
| |
| *'''ka'o''' - seven
| |
| *'''pa'o''' - eight
| |
| *'''sa'o''' - nine
| |
| *'''ue'o''' - ten
| |
| *'''nye'o''' - (one) hundred
| |
| *'''tle'o''' - (one) thousand
| |
| *'''mue'o''' - ten thousand
| |
| *'''kye'o''' - (one) hundred thousand
| |
| *'''nte'o''' - (one) million
| |
| | |
| === Higher Numbers ===
| |
| | |
| * '''uena'o''' - eleven / 11
| |
| | |
| * '''taue'o''' - twenty / 20
| |
| | |
| * '''nyeka'o''' - one hundred seven / 107
| |
| | |
| * '''hanyetauetsa'o''' (''long form'') | '''hatatsa'o''' (''short form'') - three hundred twenty six / 326
| |
| | |
| * '''tsatletauema'o''' - six thousand and twenty four / 6024
| |
| | |
| ===Ordinal Numbers===
| |
| | |
| * '''ki'''- - ordinal prefix
| |
| :Example : '''kisa'o''' - ninth (in a sequence)
| |
| :Example : '''kiyanyepa'o''' - 508<sup>th</sup>
| |
| | |
| ===Fractions===
| |
| | |
| * '''i'''- - fractional prefix
| |
| :Example : '''isa'o''' - a ninth, 1/9
| |
| :Example : '''iha'o te pa'o''' - three eighths, 3/8 [lit: a third of eight]
| |
| | |
| ===Types of Numbers===
| |
| | |
| * '''ku''' - numeral, digit, number (''n/v'')
| |
| : '''kun''' - numerical
| |
| * '''ku kiso''' - cardinal (''number basic'')
| |
| * '''ku am''' - complex
| |
| * '''ku soto''' - even
| |
| * '''ku henan''' - fractional
| |
| : '''hena''' - fraction
| |
| * '''ku ohe''' - imaginary
| |
| * '''ku yeno''' - integer
| |
| * '''kumpuk''' - irrational
| |
| * '''ku katan''' - natural
| |
| * '''ku ak''' - negative
| |
| * '''ku mpala''' - odd
| |
| * '''ku ki''' - ordinal
| |
| * '''ku yanka''' - positive
| |
| * '''kupu''' - prime
| |
| * '''kumpu''' - rational
| |
| * '''ku uala''' - real
| |
| * '''ku nkun''' - reciprocal
| |
| | |
| ===Basic Operations===
| |
| | |
| ===Additional Mathematical Concepts===
| |
| | |
| ==Geometry==
| |
| | |
| ===Figures===
| |
| | |
| ===Concepts===
| |
| | |
| ==Quantity and Space==
| |
| | |
| ===Weights and Measures===
| |
| | |
| ===Weighing and Measuring===
| |
| | |
| ===Concepts of Quantity===
| |
| | |
| ===Concepts of Location===
| |
| | |
| [[File:Nasoka.png|frame|right|'''nasokam''' (The cardinal and intermediate directions.)]]
| |
| | |
| * '''ua'e''' - above / over / on
| |
| * '''tsa'e''' - across / beyond / through
| |
| * '''ma'e''' - ahead / before / in front of
| |
| * '''pahe''' - among / between / amid / amidst /
| |
| * '''uaye''' - away (from) / hence
| |
| * '''pue''' - after / behind
| |
| * '''yane''' - along / beside / by / next to / up to
| |
| * '''tahe''' - bottom / beneath / below / under
| |
| * '''pusula''' - compass
| |
| * '''nasoka''' - direction
| |
| * '''kyoli''' - distance / interspace / spacing / interval
| |
| * '''timu''' - east
| |
| * '''asai''' - edge / brink / lip / margin / rim / boundary
| |
| * '''uanaha''' - far / distant
| |
| * '''te''' - from / of
| |
| * '''hina''' - here / close / near
| |
| * '''upuka''' - horizon(tal)
| |
| * '''nahe''' - in / inside (of) / into
| |
| * '''pye''' - in the middle
| |
| * '''yoso''' - (to the) left
| |
| * '''taso''' - level
| |
| * '''kita''' - north
| |
| * '''mok''' - nowhere / no place
| |
| * '''enye''' - out / outside (of)
| |
| * '''mo''' - place / location / locale
| |
| * '''tsue''' - position / stance / posture
| |
| * '''yomo''' - (to the) right
| |
| * '''ihamo''' - somewhere
| |
| * '''mina''' - south
| |
| ** '''minan''' - southern
| |
| ** '''ka'e mina''' - to the south
| |
| * '''uana''' - there / that place
| |
| * '''ka'e''' - to / at / toward
| |
| * '''tle''' - up / away from earth’s center / abstract adverb of motion
| |
| * '''ukaha''' - vertical
| |
| * '''nisi''' - west
| |
| | |
| ===Movement===
| |
| | |
| ==Time==
| |
| | |
| ===General Expression of Time===
| |
| | |
| ===Telling Time===
| |
| | |
| ===Units of Time===
| |
| | |
| ===Timepieces===
| |
| | |
| ===Concepts of Time===
| |
| | |
| ==Days, Months and Seasons==
| |
| | |
| ===Days of the Week===
| |
| | |
| * '''yoma'a te sema''' - Days of the week.
| |
| | |
| *The [[Kala]] week begins on Thursday.
| |
| | |
| :*'''nayoma''' - Thursday
| |
| :*'''tayoma''' - Friday
| |
| :*'''yomha''' - Saturday
| |
| :*'''mayoma''' - Sunday
| |
| :*'''yomya''' - Monday
| |
| :*'''tsayoma''' - Tuesday
| |
| :*'''kayoma''' - Wednesday
| |
| * '''yomita''' - holiday
| |
| : '''iyoma ke yomita a''' - Today is a holiday.
| |
| * '''otisema''' / '''semoti''' - weekend
| |
| * '''iyoma ka''' - What day (is it)?
| |
| * '''yomanimu''' - worday
| |
| | |
| ===Months of the Year===
| |
| | |
| The [[Kala]] calendar is modeled after the [[Wikipedia:Bahá'í_calendar|Baha'i Calendar]].
| |
| | |
| *[http://wiki.frath.net/images/0/07/Sayoma.PNG A chart of the [[Kala]] '''sayoma'''.]
| |
| | |
| *Based on this calendar, [[wikipedia:Cinco de Mayo|Cinco de Mayo]] would be '''yoma pa'o te sayo ha'o''', or Day 8 of Month 3.
| |
| | |
| *The correlating vocabulary to the [[wikipedia:Gregorian calendar|Gregorian calendar]] differs.
| |
| | |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| ! No. || English || [[Kala]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | 1 || January || '''na'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 2 || February || '''ta'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 3 || March || '''ha'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 4 || April || '''ma'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 5 || May || '''ya'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 6 || June || '''tsa'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 7 || July || '''ka'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 8 || August || '''pa'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 9 || September || '''sa'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 10 || October || '''ue'oku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 11 || November || '''uenaku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| | 12 || December || '''uetaku'''
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ===Seasons===
| |
| | |
| * '''mosima''' - season
| |
| : '''kueta''' - spring
| |
| : '''natsu''' - summer
| |
| : '''aki''' - fall / autumn
| |
| : '''neku''' - winter
| |
| * '''isime''' - equinox
| |
| * '''kamala''' - moon
| |
| * '''samapyola''' - solstice
| |
| * '''sama''' - sun / star
| |
| | |
| ===Expressing the Date===
| |
| | |
| ===Important Dates===
| |
| | |
| ==Talking about the Weather==
| |
| | |
| ===General Weather Vocabulary===
| |
| | |
| ===Reacting to the Weather===
| |
| | |
| ===Weather-Measuring Instruments and Activities===
| |
| | |
| ==Colors==
| |
| | |
| ===Basic Colors===
| |
| | |
| * '''etla ke sahi ka''' = What color (is) it?
| |
| | |
| * '''oya''' - black
| |
| * <font color="#0000FF">'''tsuku'''</font> - blue
| |
| * <font color="#8b4513">'''malo'''</font> - brown
| |
| * '''yehi''' - clear
| |
| * <font color="#DAA520">'''ohola'''</font> - gold
| |
| * <font color="#808080">'''kono'''</font> - gray
| |
| * <font color="#006400">'''kuya'''</font> - green
| |
| * <font color="#ffa500">'''tsunkua'''</font> - orange
| |
| * <font color="#ffc0cb">'''nyeli'''</font> / <font color="#ff69b4">'''elila'''</font> - pink
| |
| * <font color="#BB33BB">'''tlila'''</font> - purple / mauve / violet / lilac
| |
| * <font color="#FF0000">'''akai'''</font> / <font color="#DD0000">'''ketla'''</font> - red
| |
| * <font color="#c0c0c0">'''tsokono'''</font> - silver
| |
| * '''nyahi''' - white
| |
| * <font color="#ffff00">'''yana'''</font> - yellow
| |
| | |
| ===Describing Colors===
| |
| | |
| ===Additional Vocabulary: Colors===
| |
| | |
| ==Basic Grammar==
| |
| | |
| ===Grammatical Terms===
| |
| | |
| ===Articles and Particles===
| |
| | |
| ===Demonstrative Pronouns===
| |
| | |
| * '''itla''' - this
| |
| * '''itlam''' - these
| |
| * '''uatla''' - that
| |
| * '''uatlam''' - those
| |
| | |
| ===Possessive Pronouns===
| |
| | |
| * '''nayo''' - my / mine
| |
| * '''tayo''' - your(s)
| |
| * '''hayo''' - his / her(s)
| |
| * '''tlayo''' - its
| |
| * '''namyo''' - our(s)
| |
| * '''tamyo''' - your(s) [pl]
| |
| * '''kamyo''' - their(s)
| |
| * '''tlamyo''' - its [pl]
| |
| | |
| ===Reciprocal Pronouns===
| |
| | |
| * '''kanku itsa''' - They love each other.
| |
| -
| |
| * '''nanku''' - we...each other
| |
| * '''tanku''' - you...each other
| |
| * '''kanku''' - they...each other
| |
| * '''tlanku''' - they (things/ideas)...each other
| |
| | |
| ===Prepositions===
| |
| | |
| ===Nominative Pronouns===
| |
| | |
| * '''na''' - I
| |
| * '''ta''' - you
| |
| * '''ha''' - he / she
| |
| * '''tla''' - it
| |
| * '''nam''' - we
| |
| * '''tam''' - you [pl]
| |
| * '''kam''' - they
| |
| * '''tlam''' - it [pl]
| |
| | |
| ===Accusative Pronouns===
| |
| | |
| * '''ena''' - me
| |
| * '''eta''' - you
| |
| * '''eha''' - him / her
| |
| * '''etla''' - it
| |
| * '''enam''' - us
| |
| * '''etam''' - you [pl]
| |
| * '''ekam''' - them
| |
| * '''etlam''' - it [pl]
| |
| | |
| ===Reflexive Pronouns===
| |
| | |
| * '''na'i''' - myself
| |
| * '''ta'i''' - yourself
| |
| * '''ha'i''' - himself / herself
| |
| * '''tla'i''' - itself
| |
| * '''nami''' - ourselves
| |
| * '''tami''' - yourselves
| |
| * '''kami''' - themselves
| |
| * '''tlami''' - itselves
| |
| | |
| ===Correlatives===
| |
| | |
| {| class="wikitable" border=1
| |
| |-
| |
| ! !! ''query'' !! ''this'' !! ''that'' !! ''some'' !! ''none'' !! ''any'' !! ''every'' !! ''whichever''
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''adjective''
| |
| || ka || itla || uatla || iha || ak || ula || kua || ote
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''person''
| |
| || ko...ka || iko || uako || ihako || hok || kola || kohua || oteko
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''thing''
| |
| || no...ka || itla || uatla || ihano || nok || nola || nokua || oteno
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''time''
| |
| || ama/tsima...ka || ima || uama || ihama || amak || amala || kuama || otema
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''place''
| |
| || mo...ka || hina || uana || ihamo || mok || mola || mokua || otemo
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''way''
| |
| || to...ka || yoto || uato || ihato || tok || tola || tokua || oheto
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''amount''
| |
| || ku/o...ka || iku || uaku || ihaku || huk/ok || kula || hukua/okua || oteku
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''reason''
| |
| || nye...ka || inye || uanye || ihanye || nyek || ulanye || nyekua || otenye
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ! ''kind''
| |
| || su...ka || isu || uasu || ihasu || suk || sula || sukua || otesu
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ===Conjunctions===
| |
| | |
| ==Requesting Information==
| |
| | |
| * '''yaua''' - to answer, respond
| |
| * '''kanyo''' - to ask, request
| |
| -
| |
| * '''ta'ena ke...kalapa ka''' - Can you tell me...?
| |
| * '''to ka''' - How?
| |
| * '''nahe Kala ... yani ka''' - How do you say ... in Kala?
| |
| * '''ku ka''' - How much?
| |
| * '''na unyak''' - I don't understand.
| |
| * '''ke ka''' / '''a ka''' - What?
| |
| * '''ke ... yani ka''' - What does...mean?
| |
| * '''ama ka''' / '''tsima ka''' - When?
| |
| * '''mo ka''' - Where?
| |
| * '''ote ka''' - Which (one)?
| |
| * '''ko ka''' - Who?
| |
| * '''nye ka''' - Why?
| |
| | |
| ==Family & Friends==
| |
| | |
| ===Family Members===
| |
| | |
| * '''uena''' - aunt
| |
| * '''otaua''' - brother
| |
| : '''po'otaua''' - brother-in-law
| |
| * '''nataue''' - cousin
| |
| : '''taue''' - male cousin
| |
| : '''naue''' - female cousin
| |
| * '''nahi''' - daughter / girl
| |
| : '''ponahi''' - daughter-in-law
| |
| * '''tlika''' - family
| |
| * '''ota''' - father
| |
| : '''po'ota''' - father-in-law
| |
| * '''inataha''' - grandchild
| |
| * '''otaha''' - grandfather
| |
| * '''onaha''' - grandmother
| |
| * '''uenaha''' - great-aunt
| |
| * '''inatahaka''' - great-grandchild
| |
| * '''otahaka''' - great-grandfather
| |
| * '''onahaka''' - great-grandmother
| |
| * '''uetaha''' - great-uncle
| |
| * '''tla'ota''' - husband
| |
| * '''ona''' - mother
| |
| : '''po'ona''' - mother-in-law
| |
| * '''uetahi''' - nephew
| |
| * '''uenahi''' - niece
| |
| * '''onata''' - parent
| |
| * '''nata''' - relative
| |
| * '''onaua''' - sister
| |
| : '''po'onaua''' - sister-in-law
| |
| * '''tahi''' - son / boy
| |
| : '''potahi''' - son-in-law
| |
| * '''ueta''' - uncle
| |
| * '''tla'ona''' - wife
| |
| | |
| ===Friends===
| |
| | |
| ==Describing People==
| |
| | |
| ===Gender and Appearance===
| |
| | |
| ===Concepts of Age===
| |
| | |
| ===Marriage and the Human Life Cycle===
| |
| | |
| ===Religion and Race===
| |
| | |
| ===Characteristics and Social Traits===
| |
| | |
| ===Basic Personal Information===
| |
| | |
| ==The Body==
| |
| | |
| ===Parts of the Body===
| |
| | |
| *
| |
| | |
| ===Physical States and Activities===
| |
| | |
| ===Sensory Perception===
| |
| | |
| ===Personal Care===
| |
| | |
| ==The Physical World==
| |
| | |
| ===The Universe===
| |
| | |
| ===The Environment===
| |
| | |
| ===Matter and the Environment===
| |
| | |
| ===Characteristics of Matter===
| |
| | |
| ===Geography===
| |
| | |
| ==Plants==
| |
| | |
| ===General Vocabulary===
| |
| | |
| ===Flowers===
| |
| | |
| ===Trees===
| |
| | |
| ===Fruits===
| |
| | |
| ===Vegetables and Herbs===
| |
| | |
| ==The Animal World==
| |
| | |
| ===Animals===
| |
| | |
| * '''haya''' - animal / beast
| |
| * '''peka''' - bat
| |
| * '''kuma''' - bear
| |
| * '''ayani''' - buffalo
| |
| * '''nyesa''' - bull / bovine / cow / ox
| |
| * '''unta''' - camel
| |
| * '''mihu''' - cat
| |
| :* '''myao''' - meow
| |
| * '''masa''' - deer
| |
| * '''nika''' - dog
| |
| :* '''haoku''' - bark / howl
| |
| * '''atsua''' - donkey / mule
| |
| * '''pilo''' - elephant
| |
| * '''sampa''' - farm
| |
| :* '''ahila''' - barn
| |
| :* '''sampako''' - farmer
| |
| :* '''ukuta''' - fence
| |
| * '''x''' - fox
| |
| * '''x''' - giraffe
| |
| * '''x''' - goat
| |
| * '''x''' - hare / rabbit
| |
| * '''x''' - hippo
| |
| * '''x''' - horse
| |
| :* '''x''' - neigh
| |
| * '''x''' - hunt
| |
| :* '''x''' - hunter
| |
| :* '''x''' - hunting
| |
| * '''x''' - hyena
| |
| * '''x''' - lamb
| |
| * '''x''' - leopard
| |
| * '''x''' - lion
| |
| :* '''x''' - roar
| |
| * '''x''' - mammal
| |
| * '''x''' - mole
| |
| * '''x''' - monkey / primate
| |
| * '''x''' - cougar
| |
| * '''x''' - mouse / rodent / rat
| |
| * '''x''' - paw / hoof
| |
| * '''x''' - pet
| |
| * '''x''' - pig / swine
| |
| * '''x''' - rhino
| |
| * '''x''' - sheep
| |
| * '''x''' - tail
| |
| * '''x''' - tiger
| |
| * '''x''' - vertebrate
| |
| :* '''x''' - invertebrate
| |
| * '''x''' - wild animal
| |
| * '''x''' - wolf / lupine
| |
| :* '''x''' - howl
| |
| * '''x''' - zebra
| |
| * '''x''' - zoo
| |
| :* '''x''' - zoological
| |
| :* '''x''' - zoology
| |
| | |
| ===Birds and Fowl===
| |
| | |
| ===Fish, Reptiles, Amphibians and Marine Mammals===
| |
| | |
| ===Insects and Other Invertebrates===
| |
| | |
| ==Basic Social Greetings==
| |
| | |
| ===Greetings and Farewells===
| |
| | |
| ===Forms of Address and Introductions===
| |
| | |
| ===Courtesy===
| |
| | |
| ==Speaking and Talking==
| |
| | |
| ===Speech Activities and Types===
| |
| | |
| ===Useful Expressions===
| |
| | |
| ==Telephone==
| |
| | |
| ===Telephones and Accessories===
| |
| | |
| ===Using the Telephone===
| |
| | |
| ==Letter Writing==
| |
| | |
| ===Salutations and Closings===
| |
| | |
| ===Parts of a Letter===
| |
| | |
| ===Writing Materials & Accessories===
| |
| | |
| ==The Media==
| |
| | |
| ===Print Media===
| |
| | |
| ===Electronic Media===
| |
| | |
| ==Feelings==
| |
| | |
| ===Moods / Attitudes / Emotions===
| |
| | |
| ===Likes & Dislikes===
| |
| | |
| ===Expressing Emotions===
| |
| | |
| ==Thinking==
| |
| | |
| ===Describing Thought===
| |
| | |
| ===Basic thought Process===
| |
| | |
| ==At Home==
| |
| | |
| ===Parts of the House===
| |
| | |
| ===Rooms===
| |
| | |
| ===Furniture===
| |
| | |
| ===Common Items===
| |
| | |
| ===Services===
| |
| | |
| ===Additional Vocab===
| |
| | |
| ===Apartment life===
| |
| | |
| ==Eating & Drinking==
| |
| | |
| ===Meals===
| |
| | |
| * '''ina supu''' - breakfast
| |
| * '''ina yohua''' - dinner
| |
| * '''ina''' - food
| |
| * '''ina pye''' - lunch
| |
| * '''inama''' - meal
| |
| * '''inahi''' - snack
| |
| * '''inaha''' - feast
| |
| | |
| ===Food Preparation===
| |
| | |
| ===Meat & Poultry===
| |
| | |
| ===Seafood===
| |
| | |
| ===Vegetables===
| |
| | |
| ===Fruits===
| |
| | |
| ===Menu Items===
| |
| | |
| ===Dairy===
| |
| | |
| ===Grains===
| |
| | |
| ===Spices===
| |
| | |
| ===Drinks===
| |
| | |
| ===At the Table===
| |
| | |
| ===Dining Out===
| |
| | |
| ===Buying & Describing Food & Drink===
| |
| | |
| ==Shopping & Errands==
| |
| | |
| ===General Vocabulary===
| |
| | |
| ===Hardware===
| |
| | |
| ===Stationary===
| |
| | |
| ===Photography===
| |
| | |
| ===Tobacco===
| |
| | |
| ===Toiletries===
| |
| | |
| ===Laundry===
| |
| | |
| ===Pharmacy===
| |
| | |
| ===Jewelry===
| |
| | |
| ===Music===
| |
| | |
| ===Clothing===
| |
| | |
| ===Books===
| |
| | |
| ==Commerce==
| |
| | |
| ==Sport==
| |
| | |
| ===Games & Hobbies===
| |
| | |
| ===Sports===
| |
| | |
| ==Arts==
| |
| | |
| ===Cinema===
| |
| | |
| ===Sculpture/Architecture===
| |
| | |
| ===Music/Dance===
| |
| | |
| ===Literature===
| |
| | |
| ===Theater===
| |
| | |
| ==Holidays==
| |
| | |
| ==Travel Destinations==
| |
| | |
| ===Travel Agency===
| |
| | |
| ===Countries & Continents===
| |
| | |
| ===A Few Cities===
| |
| | |
| ===Nationalities & Languages===
| |
| | |
| ==Customs==
| |
| | |
| ==Air Travel==
| |
| | |
| ===Terminal===
| |
| | |
| ===Flight===
| |
| | |
| ===On the Plane===
| |
| | |
| ==On the Road==
| |
| | |
| ===Vehicles===
| |
| | |
| ===Driving===
| |
| | |
| ===Signs===
| |
| | |
| ===Car===
| |
| | |
| ==Train, Bus, etc.==
| |
| | |
| ==Lodging==
| |
| | |
| ===Hotels===
| |
| | |
| ===Rooms===
| |
| | |
| ==Vacation==
| |
| | |
| ===Sightseeing===
| |
| | |
| ===Outside the City===
| |
| | |
| ===Directions===
| |
| | |
| ==School==
| |
| | |
| ===Classroom===
| |
| | |
| ===Inside the School===
| |
| | |
| ===People===
| |
| | |
| ===Academia===
| |
| | |
| ==Work==
| |
| | |
| ===Professions===
| |
| | |
| ===Interview===
| |
| | |
| ===The Office===
| |
| | |
| ==Emergencies==
| |
| | |
| ===Fire===
| |
| | |
| ===Robbery, Assault etc.===
| |
| | |
| ==Medical Care==
| |
| | |
| ===Doctor===
| |
| | |
| ===Dentist===
| |
| | |
| ==Legal Matters==
| |
| | |
| ==Science & Technology==
| |
| | |
| ===Computers===
| |
| | |
| ===Internet===
| |
| | |
| ==Politics==
| |
| | |
| ===Expressing Opinion===
| |
|
| |
|
| == Index == | | == Index == |
