Nother/Go-Lengi: Difference between revisions

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(/z/ sometimes rhotic)
(chanɡe some misleadinɡ diacritics)
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| ||colspan=3| Bilabial ||colspan=3| Labiod. ||colspan=3| Dental ||colspan=3| Alveolar ||colspan=3| Post-alv. ||colspan=3| Palatal ||colspan=3| Velar ||colspan=3| X ||colspan=3| Q || !
| ||colspan=3| Bilabial ||colspan=3| Labiod. ||colspan=3| Dental ||colspan=3| Alveolar ||colspan=3| Post-alv. ||colspan=3| Palatal ||colspan=3| Velar ||colspan=3| X ||colspan=3| Q || !
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal || || {{IPA|m}} || {{IPA|m̰}} || || || || || || || || {{IPA|n}} || {{IPA|n̰}} || || || || ||  
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal || || {{IPA|m}} || {{IPA|m̬}} || || || || || || || || {{IPA|n}} || {{IPA|n̬}} || || || || ||  
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal w/rumble || || {{IPA|mˤ}} || {{IPA|m̰ˤ}} || || || || || || || || {{IPA|nˤ}} || {{IPA|n̰ˤ}} || || || || ||  
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Nasal w/rumble || || {{IPA|mᵜ}} || {{IPA|m̬ᵜ}} || || || || || || || || {{IPA|nᵜ}} || {{IPA|n̬ᵜ}} || || || || ||  
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive || {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|b}} || {{IPA|b̰}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|d}} || {{IPA|d̰}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|ɡ}} || {{IPA|ɡ̃}} || || || || {{IPA|ʢ}} || {{IPA|ʕ}} || {{IPA|ʕ̰}} || {{IPA|ʔ}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive || {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|b}} || {{IPA|b̬}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|d}} || {{IPA|d̬}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|ɡ}} || {{IPA|ɡ̌}} || || || || {{IPA|ʢ}} || {{IPA|ʕ}} || {{IPA|ʕ̬}} || {{IPA|ʔ}}
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive w/rumble || {{IPA|pˤ}} || {{IPA|bˤ}} || {{IPA|b̰ˤ}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|tˤ}} || {{IPA|dˤ}} || {{IPA|d̰ˤ}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|kˤ}} || {{IPA|ɡˤ}} || {{IPA|ɡ̃ˤ}} || || || || || ||  
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Plosive w/rumble || {{IPA|pᵜ}} || {{IPA|bᵜ}} || {{IPA|b̬ᵜ}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|tᵜ}} || {{IPA|dᵜ}} || {{IPA|d̬ᵜ}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|kᵜ}} || {{IPA|ɡᵜ}} || {{IPA|ɡ̌ᵜ}} || || || || || ||  
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || || || || {{IPA|f}}  || || || || || || {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|z}} || {{IPA|z̰}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|x}} || || || {{IPA|χ}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Fricative || || || || {{IPA|f}}  || || || || || || {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|z}} || {{IPA|z̬}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|x}} || || || {{IPA|χ}}
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || {{IPA|pχ}} || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|tχ}} || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|kχ}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Affricate || {{IPA|pχ}} || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|tχ}} || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|kχ}}
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|j}} || {{IPA|j̃}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Approximants || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|j}} || {{IPA|ȷ̌}}
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|l}} || {{IPA|l̰}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Lateral Approximant || || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|l}} || {{IPA|l̬}}
|}
|}
</div>
</div>


* /z/ and /z̰/ are realized as /ɹ/ and /ɹ̰/ in some speakers.
* /z/ and /z̬/ are realized as /ɹ/ and /ɹ̬/ in some speakers.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
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| ||colspan=2| Front ||colspan=2| Central ||colspan=2| Back
| ||colspan=2| Front ||colspan=2| Central ||colspan=2| Back
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| High || {{IPA|i}} || {{IPA|ḭ}}  || || || || {{IPA|u}} || {{IPA|ṵ}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| High || {{IPA|i}} || {{IPA|i̬}}  || || || || {{IPA|u}} || {{IPA|u̬}}
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| High-mid || {{IPA|e}} || {{IPA|ḛ}} || || || || {{IPA|o}} || {{IPA|o̰}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| High-mid || {{IPA|e}} || {{IPA|e̬}} || || || || {{IPA|o}} || {{IPA|o̬}}
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Mid || || || {{IPA|χ̍}} || {{IPA|ə}} || {{IPA|ə̰}} || {{IPA|ɔ}} || {{IPA|ɔ̰}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Mid || || || {{IPA|χ̍}} || {{IPA|ə}} || {{IPA|ə̬}} || {{IPA|ɔ}} || {{IPA|ɔ̬}}
|-
|-
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Low || || || || {{IPA|a}} || {{IPA|a̰}}
|style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| Low || || || || {{IPA|a}} || {{IPA|a̬}}
|}
|}
</div>
</div>


===Rumble===
===Rumble===
The symbols /ʢ ʕ ˤ  ̰ ʔ χ/ in the charts above are not here used with their IPA values but refer to sounds characteristic to icebear physiology. The technical terms vary, but the common name for these sounds collectively are 'rumbles' among colonists, and the icebear name translates to 'warmer sounds'.
The symbols /ʢ ʕ ᵜ ̬ ʔ χ/ in the charts above refer to sounds characteristic to icebear physiology. The technical terms vary, but the common name for these sounds collectively are 'rumbles' among colonists, and the icebear name translates to 'warmer sounds'.


Icebears have dual vocal apparatuses; the upper corresponds to that known in humans, from mouth to larynx, and the lower comprises a separate set of vocal folds and points of articulation deeper in the icebear throat.  There are conventionally three points of articulation involved in the lower sounds of Thalassarctian, represented by the symbols !, X, and Q.
Icebears have dual vocal apparatuses; the upper corresponds to that known in humans, from mouth to larynx, and the lower comprises a separate set of vocal folds and points of articulation deeper in the icebear throat.  There are conventionally three points of articulation involved in the lower sounds of Thalassarctian, represented by the symbols !, X, and Q.


* '''!''' is the point of articulation for /ʔ/, a voiceless stop. It is also the / ̰/, which is an indication of lower voice, but is technically an approximant co-articulated with any sound that is normally voiced.
* '''!''' is the point of articulation for /ʔ/, a voiceless stop. It is also the /̬ /, which is an indication of lower voice, but is technically an approximant co-articulated with any sound that is normally voiced.


{| class="toccolours"
{| class="toccolours"
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|-
|-
! +[! rumble]
! +[! rumble]
| ɡ̃ || —
| ɡ̌ || —
|-
|-
! -[! rumble]
! -[! rumble]
Line 65: Line 65:


* '''X''' is the point of articulation for the voiceless fricative /χ/, which may also be syllabic.  It may be co-articulated with an upper voiceless stop.
* '''X''' is the point of articulation for the voiceless fricative /χ/, which may also be syllabic.  It may be co-articulated with an upper voiceless stop.
* '''Q''' is the point of articulation for the stop /ʢ ʕ ˤ/, which may be voiceless, voiced, or rumbled when appearing on its own, and assimilates for voices when co-articulated with an upper stop.   
* '''Q''' is the point of articulation for the stop /ʢ ʕ ᵜ/, which may be voiceless, voiced, or rumbled when appearing on its own, and assimilates for voices when co-articulated with an upper stop.   


{| class="toccolours"
{| class="toccolours"
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|-
|-
! +[Q rumble]
! +[Q rumble]
| kˤ || ɡˤ || ɡ̃ˤ
| kᵜ || ɡᵜ || ɡ̌ᵜ
|-
|-
! -[Q rumble]
! -[Q rumble]
| k || ɡ || ɡ̃
| k || ɡ || ɡ̌
|}
|}


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| a || aa || à || àà || b || b‘ || bb || bb‘ || d
| a || aa || à || àà || b || b‘ || bb || bb‘ || d
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
| /a/ || /a̰/ || /ə/ || /ə̰/ || /b/ || /bˤ/ || /b̰/ || /b̰ˤ/ || /d/
| /a/ || /a̬/ || /ə/ || /ə̬/ || /b/ || /bᵜ/ || /b̬/ || /b̬ᵜ/ || /d/
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
| d‘ || dd || dd‘ || e || ee ||  f || g || g‘ || gg
| d‘ || dd || dd‘ || e || ee ||  f || g || g‘ || gg
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
| /dˤ/ || /d̰/ || /d̰ˤ/ || /e/ || /ḛ/ ||  /f/ || /ɡ/ || /ɡˤ/ ||  /ɡ̃/
| /dᵜ/ || /d̬/ || /d̬ᵜ/ || /e/ || /e̬/ ||  /f/ || /ɡ/ || /ɡᵜ/ ||  /ɡ̌/
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|  gg‘ || h || i || ii || k || k‘ || kk || l || ll  
|  gg‘ || h || i || ii || k || k‘ || kk || l || ll  
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|  /ɡ̃ˤ/ || /χ/ || /i/ || /ḭ/ || /k/ || /kˤ/ || /kχ/ || /l/ || /l̰/  
|  /ɡ̌ᵜ/ || /χ/ || /i/ || /i̬/ || /k/ || /kᵜ/ || /kχ/ || /l/ || /l̬/  
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|  m || m‘ || mm || mm‘ || n || n‘ || nn || nn‘ || o  
|  m || m‘ || mm || mm‘ || n || n‘ || nn || nn‘ || o  
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|  /m/ || /mˤ/ || /m̰/ || /m̰ˤ/ || /n/ || /nˤ/ || /n̰/ || /n̰ˤ/ || /o/  
|  /m/ || /mᵜ/ || /m̬/ || /m̬ᵜ/ || /n/ || /nᵜ/ || /n̬/ || /n̬ᵜ/ || /o/  
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|  oo || ò || òò || p || p‘ || pp || q || s || t
|  oo || ò || òò || p || p‘ || pp || q || s || t
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|  /o̰/ || /ɔ/ || /ɔ̰/ || /p/ || /pˤ/ || /pχ/ || /ʢ/ || /s/ || /t/
|  /o̬/ || /ɔ/ || /ɔ̬/ || /p/ || /pᵜ/ || /pχ/ || /ʢ/ || /s/ || /t/
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|  t‘ || tt || u || uu || x || y || yy || z || zz
|  t‘ || tt || u || uu || x || y || yy || z || zz
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|- style="background: #ccf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle;"
|  /tˤ/ || /tχ/ || /u/ || /ṵ/ || /x/ || /j/ || /j̃/ || /z/ || /z̰/
|  /tᵜ/ || /tχ/ || /u/ || /u̬/ || /x/ || /j/ || /ȷ̌/ || /z/ || /z̬/
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|- style="background: #ddf; height: 1.8em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 1.3em;"
|  ‘ || q‘ || !
|  ‘ || q‘ || !

Revision as of 20:54, 4 January 2012

Thalassarctian is the English name given to the language of the icebears of Frontier.

Phonology

Consonants

Consonants
Bilabial Labiod. Dental Alveolar Post-alv. Palatal Velar X Q !
Nasal m m̬ n n̬
Nasal w/rumble mᵜ m̬ᵜ nᵜ n̬ᵜ
Plosive p b b̬ t d d̬ k ɡ ɡ̌ ʢ ʕ ʕ̬ ʔ
Plosive w/rumble pᵜ bᵜ b̬ᵜ tᵜ dᵜ d̬ᵜ kᵜ ɡᵜ ɡ̌ᵜ
Fricative f s z z̬ x χ
Affricate pχ tχ kχ
Approximants j ȷ̌
Lateral Approximant l l̬
  • /z/ and /z̬/ are realized as /ɹ/ and /ɹ̬/ in some speakers.

Vowels

Vowels
Front Central Back
High i i̬ u u̬
High-mid e e̬ o o̬
Mid χ̍ ə ə̬ ɔ ɔ̬
Low a a̬

Rumble

The symbols /ʢ ʕ ᵜ ̬ ʔ χ/ in the charts above refer to sounds characteristic to icebear physiology. The technical terms vary, but the common name for these sounds collectively are 'rumbles' among colonists, and the icebear name translates to 'warmer sounds'.

Icebears have dual vocal apparatuses; the upper corresponds to that known in humans, from mouth to larynx, and the lower comprises a separate set of vocal folds and points of articulation deeper in the icebear throat. There are conventionally three points of articulation involved in the lower sounds of Thalassarctian, represented by the symbols !, X, and Q.

  • ! is the point of articulation for /ʔ/, a voiceless stop. It is also the /̬ /, which is an indication of lower voice, but is technically an approximant co-articulated with any sound that is normally voiced.
+[upper voice] -[upper voice]
+[! rumble] ɡ̌ —
-[! rumble] ɡ k


  • X is the point of articulation for the voiceless fricative /χ/, which may also be syllabic. It may be co-articulated with an upper voiceless stop.
  • Q is the point of articulation for the stop /ʢ ʕ ᵜ/, which may be voiceless, voiced, or rumbled when appearing on its own, and assimilates for voices when co-articulated with an upper stop.
voiceless single voice double voice
+[Q rumble] kᵜ ɡᵜ ɡ̌ᵜ
-[Q rumble] k ɡ ɡ̌

Orthography

Thalassarctian is transcribed in the Latin alphabet.

Thalassarctian spelling
a aa à àà b b‘ bb bb‘ d
/a/ /a̬/ /ə/ /ə̬/ /b/ /bᵜ/ /b̬/ /b̬ᵜ/ /d/
d‘ dd dd‘ e ee f g g‘ gg
/dᵜ/ /d̬/ /d̬ᵜ/ /e/ /e̬/ /f/ /ɡ/ /ɡᵜ/ /ɡ̌/
gg‘ h i ii k k‘ kk l ll
/ɡ̌ᵜ/ /χ/ /i/ /i̬/ /k/ /kᵜ/ /kχ/ /l/ /l̬/
m m‘ mm mm‘ n n‘ nn nn‘ o
/m/ /mᵜ/ /m̬/ /m̬ᵜ/ /n/ /nᵜ/ /n̬/ /n̬ᵜ/ /o/
oo ò òò p p‘ pp q s t
/o̬/ /ɔ/ /ɔ̬/ /p/ /pᵜ/ /pχ/ /ʢ/ /s/ /t/
t‘ tt u uu x y yy z zz
/tᵜ/ /tχ/ /u/ /u̬/ /x/ /j/ /ȷ̌/ /z/ /z̬/
‘ q‘ !
/ʕ/ /ʕ̰/ /ʔ/
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