Voiceless labiodental fricative: Difference between revisions

From FrathWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
(Created page with "The '''voiceless labiodental fricative''' is a sound that occurs in some languages, represented as {{IPA|/f/}} in the IPA. ==Sound Changes== :''See also: [[Fricative#Sound Chang...")
 
(→‎To: see also: related segments)
 
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{| border="1"; style="float:right;" valign="top"
!style="background:#CCCCFF;" colspan=2 align="center"| <big>f</big>
|-
|colspan=2 align="center"| Pulmonic Consonant
|-
| [[IPA]] || f
|-
| [[X-SAMPA]] || <tt>f</tt>
|-
| [[Kirshenbaum]] || f
|-
| Place of Articulation: || [[Labiodental]]
|-
| Manner of Articulation: || [[Fricative]]
|-
| [[Phonological feature]]s:
| [+[[consonant]]al] <br> '''[+<small>LABIAL</small>]''' <br> [+[[continuant]]] <br> [+[[strident]]</small>] <br> [-voice]
|}
The '''voiceless labiodental fricative''' is a sound that occurs in some languages, represented as {{IPA|/f/}} in the IPA.
The '''voiceless labiodental fricative''' is a sound that occurs in some languages, represented as {{IPA|/f/}} in the IPA.


==Sound Changes==
==Sound Changes==
:''See also: [[Fricative#Sound Changes|Fricatives]]''
:''See also: [[Fricative#Sound Changes|Fricatives]]''
{{IPA|/f/}} often developed from {{IPA|/p/}} next to other fricatives; the sound changes described here apply to {{IPA|/f/}} alone.
===To===
===To===
* v → f / V_V in English
A common origin of /f/ is the lenition of a voiceless bilabial stop such as {{IPA|*p}} or {{IPA|*pʰ}}. This can be part of a common stop lenition process, but may be independant, as in [[Arabic]] and [[Hungarian]]. The change commonly proceeds thru a bilabial intermediate [ɸ], so other outcomes are possible, eg. Celtic, where *sɸ → f, but *ɸ → h ∅ otherwise. (See more at [[Voiceless bilabial stop|/p/]], [[fricative]].)
* sp → f in Albanian and Old Irish
 
* , , and gʷʰ → f / #_ in Latin
Many other fricatives can also change to /f/:
* w → f / not V_V in Irish
* θ → f (Oscan, [[Latin]] and most other Italic languages<ref>Note on Italic: in Latin, the word-internal voicing of fricatives [[Bleeding order|bleeds]] the change to /f/, leading to different reflexes, so /f/ only results initially.</ref>; some [[English]] dialects; some [[Oceanic]] branches)
* x → f (Oscan — but not Latin, where *x → h)
* xʷ → f (Oscan, Latin)
* ʍ → f (some English dialects)
* Devoicing: v → f. In many [[West Germanic]] varieties including Standard [[German]], the change of *w ʋ ~ v has pushed older †/v/ to /f/. This can also be part of a more general devoicing process; see eg. [[wikipedia:final devoicing|final devoicing]].
 
Other:
* w → f is found in Irish (when not intervocalic). Many different phonetic paths of development are possible here.
* sp → f in Albanian
 
<references/>
 
==See also==
* [[Voiced labiodental fricative|/v/]]
* [[Voiceless labiodental affricate|/pf/]]
* [[Voiceless bilabial fricative|/ɸ/]]
 
[[Category:Phonetic segments|f]]

Latest revision as of 06:57, 26 January 2011

f
Pulmonic Consonant
IPA f
X-SAMPA f
Kirshenbaum f
Place of Articulation: Labiodental
Manner of Articulation: Fricative
Phonological features: [+consonantal]
[+LABIAL]
[+continuant]
[+strident]
[-voice]

The voiceless labiodental fricative is a sound that occurs in some languages, represented as /f/ in the IPA.

Sound Changes

See also: Fricatives

To

A common origin of /f/ is the lenition of a voiceless bilabial stop such as *p or *pʰ. This can be part of a common stop lenition process, but may be independant, as in Arabic and Hungarian. The change commonly proceeds thru a bilabial intermediate [ɸ], so other outcomes are possible, eg. Celtic, where *sɸ → f, but *ɸ → h → ∅ otherwise. (See more at /p/, fricative.)

Many other fricatives can also change to /f/:

  • θ → f (Oscan, Latin and most other Italic languages[1]; some English dialects; some Oceanic branches)
  • x → f (Oscan — but not Latin, where *x → h)
  • xʷ → f (Oscan, Latin)
  • ʍ → f (some English dialects)
  • Devoicing: v → f. In many West Germanic varieties including Standard German, the change of *w → ʋ ~ v has pushed older †/v/ to /f/. This can also be part of a more general devoicing process; see eg. final devoicing.

Other:

  • w → f is found in Irish (when not intervocalic). Many different phonetic paths of development are possible here.
  • sp → f in Albanian
  1. Note on Italic: in Latin, the word-internal voicing of fricatives bleeds the change to /f/, leading to different reflexes, so /f/ only results initially.

See also