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| '''Lantian phonology''' includes all phonemes and phonetical rules which are part of the Lantian language.
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| ==Consonants==
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| This is the consonant system in the IPA consonant table:
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| {| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
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| !colspan=17 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Consonants
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| |- style="vertical-align: center; font-size: x-small; height: 2em"
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| | ||colspan=2| Bilabial ||colspan=2| Labio-<br>dental ||colspan=2| Dental ||colspan=2| Alveolar ||colspan=2| Post-<br>alveolar ||colspan=2| Palatal ||colspan=2| Velar
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>Plosive</small> || {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|b}} || || || || || {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|d}} || || || {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|g}}
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| |-
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>Nasal</small> || || {{IPA|m}} || || {{IPA|[ɱ]}}<sup>1</sup> || || || {{IPA|n}} || || || || {{IPA|[ŋ]}}<sup>2</sup>
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| |-
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>Vibrant</small> || || || || || || || || {{IPA|r}} || || || || || ||
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| |-
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>Fricative</small> || || || {{IPA|f}} || {{IPA|v}}|| || || {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|z}}|| {{IPA|ʃ}} || {{IPA|ʒ}} || || || {{IPA|x}} ||
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>Affricate</small> || || || || || || || {{IPA|ʦ}}|| || {{IPA|tʃ}} || {{IPA|dʒ}}
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>Approximants</small> || || || || || || || || || || || || {{IPA|w}} || || {{IPA|j}}
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>Lateral<br>approximants</small> || || || || || || || || {{IPA|l}}
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| |}
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| *<small>1: Allophone of {{IPA|[m]}} before labiodental consonants</small>
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| *<small>2: Allophone of {{IPA|[n]}} before velar consonant</small>
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| ===Correspondance===
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| {|
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| |'''IPA''' || {{IPA|[b]}} || {{IPA|[ʦ]}} || {{IPA|[ʧ]}} || {{IPA|[d]}} || {{IPA|[ʤ]}} || {{IPA|[f]}} || {{IPA|[g]}} || {{IPA|[x]}} || {{IPA|[j]}} || {{IPA|[k]}} || {{IPA|[l]}} || {{IPA|[m]}} || {{IPA|[n]}} || {{IPA|[p]}} || {{IPA|[r]}} || {{IPA|[s]}} || {{IPA|[ʃ]}} || {{IPA|[t]}} || {{IPA|[v]}} || {{IPA|[w]}} || {{IPA|[z]}} || {{IPA|[ʒ]}}
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| |-
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| |'''Letter''' || b || c || č || d || dž || f || g || h || j || k || l || m || n || p || r || s || š || t || v || w || z || ž
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| |}
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| ===Vowel sonorants===
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| The lateral consonants '''r''' {{IPA|[r]}} and '''l''' {{IPA|[l]}} and the nasal consonants '''n''' {{IPA|[n]}} and '''m''' {{IPA|[m]}} can play the role as vowel centre of the syllable, as a real vowel.
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| This is a rare phenomenon, and they are usually found at the end of one of these words. In this case they are called ''vowel sonorants'' (they play this role also in English in some words):
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| * Petr {{IPA|[ˈpetṛ]}}: syllabication ''pe.tr''
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| * turistezn {{IPA|[ˈturistezṇ]}}: syllabication ''tu.ri.ste.zn''
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| They are pronounced as with a schwa vowel preceding them, a close, weak vowel phoneme. This is an approximate pronounce description, as there is no actual vowel between the two consonant, as Lantian language does not own any schwa vowel:
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| * Petr {{IPA|[ˈpet<small>ɘ</small>ṛ]}}
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| When a vowel is added to a word, ending in a vowel sonorants, this one turns into a full consonant, losing his role as vowel centre.
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| * ''Nominative'': Petr {{IPA|[ˈpetṛ]}}: syllabication ''pe.tr'' ‣ ''Genitive'': Petru {{IPA|[ˈpetru]}}: syllabication ''pe.tru''
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| ===Palatalization===
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| Some consonants come in pair with a ''palatalized'' counterpart:
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| {|
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| ! Non-palatalized consonant
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| ! Palatalized counterpart
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| | k {{IPA|[k]}} || č {{IPA|[ʧ]}}
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| |-
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| | g {{IPA|[g]}} || dž {{IPA|[ʤ]}}
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| |-
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| | s {{IPA|[s]}} || š {{IPA|[ʃ]}}
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| |-
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| | z {{IPA|[z]}} || ž {{IPA|[ʒ]}}
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| |-
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| | t {{IPA|[t]}} || č {{IPA|[ʧ]}}
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| | d {{IPA|[d]}} || dž {{IPA|[ʤ]}}
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| |}
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| This phenomenon, called '''palatalization''', is very common, usually (but not always) when one of these consonants comes (or, better, came) in contact with the semivowel {{IPA|[j]}}. It's very important, because it occurs many times in noun declension.
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| ==Vowels==
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| Vowels can be short or long. The difference is very important because it is distinctive: two words can have different meanings with different vowel length:
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| * ban {{IPA|[ban]}} (''real'') - bán {{IPA|[baːn]}} (''all'')
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| {| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1pt solid #c0c0c0;"
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| !colspan=11 style="text-align:center; background: #efefef;"| Vowels
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| |- style="vertical-align: left; font-size: x-small; height: 2em"
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| | ||colspan=2| ||colspan=2| Front ||colspan=2| Central ||colspan=2| ||colspan=2| Back
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>High</small> || || || {{IPA|i(ː)}} || || {{IPA|ɨ(ː)}}|| || || || || {{IPA|u(ː)}}
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>High-Mid</small> || || || {{IPA|e(ː)}} || || || || || || || {{IPA|o(ː)}}
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| |style="text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"| <small>Low</small> || || || || || {{IPA|a(ː)}} || || || ||
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| |}
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| {{seealso|Lánc vowel scheme}}
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| Long vowels are marked by an accent, as in Czech language:
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| * a {{IPA|[a]}} - á {{IPA|[aː]}}
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| * e {{IPA|[e]}} - é {{IPA|[eː]}}
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| * i {{IPA|[i]}} - í {{IPA|[iː]}}
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| * o {{IPA|[o]}} - ó {{IPA|[oː]}}
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| * u {{IPA|[u]}} - ú {{IPA|[uː]}}
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| * y {{IPA|[ɨ]}} - ý {{IPA|[ɨː]}}
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| ==Stress==
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| Stress has a very little meaning, and it falls always on the first syllabe of the root. If a word is simple the stress is on the first syllable, but if this word adds prefixes, the stress remains on the same syllable.
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| * m'''ý'''zdosén {{IPA|[ˈmɨːzdoseːn]}}, ''comprehension''
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| * m'''ý'''zdor {{IPA|[ˈmɨːzdor]}}, ''understand''
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| * tem'''ý'''zdesek {{IPA|[teˈmɨːzdesek]}}, ''they will understand''
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| * otem'''ý'''zdesu {{IPA|[oteˈmɨːzdesu]}}, ''I would have understood''
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