Lánc conjugation tables: Difference between revisions
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{{main|Lánc}} | |||
Here there are some exemplifying '''conjugation tables''' for every type of Lantian verbs, the two conjugation patterns and irregular types. | Here there are some exemplifying '''conjugation tables''' for every type of Lantian verbs, the two conjugation patterns and irregular types. | ||
| Line 493: | Line 494: | ||
===Type 3=== | ===Type 3=== | ||
Type 3 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the ''double palatalization'' of the final consonant of the root, in this case ''-g-'' {{IPA|[g]}}, which palatalizes in ''-dž-'' {{IPA|[ʤ]}} in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to ''-ž-'' {{IPA|[ʒ]}} in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive. | Type 3 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the ''double palatalization'' of the final consonant of the root, in this case ''-g-'' {{IPA|[g]}}, which palatalizes in ''-dž-'' {{IPA|[ʤ]}} in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to ''-ž-'' {{IPA|[ʒ]}} in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive. | ||
===Type 4=== | |||
Type 4 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the ''double palatalization'' of the final consonant of the root, in this case ''-d-'' {{IPA|[d]}}, which palatalizes in ''-dž-'' {{IPA|[ʤ]}} in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to ''-ž-'' {{IPA|[ʒ]}} in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive. | |||
====Subtype A - Verb ''caduč''==== | |||
{|border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;" | |||
! ''Indicative'' !! Present !! Past !! Future !! Plusquamperfect !! Future in the past | |||
|- | |||
| 1st sing. || cadžu || cážuvu || tecážusu || ocážuvu || otecážusu | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd sing. || cadžuc || cážuvec || tecážusec || ocážuvec || otecážusec | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd sing. || cadže || cážuv || tecážuse || ocážuv || otecážuse | |||
|- | |||
| 1st plu. || cadžun || cážuven || tecážusen || ocážuven || otecážusen | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd plu. || cadžuj || cážuvej || tecážusej || ocážuvej || otecážusej | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd plu. || cadžuk || cážuvek || tecážusek || ocážuvek || otecážusek | |||
|- | |||
| 1st dual || cadžune || cážuvene || tecážusene || ocážuvene || otecážusene | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd dual || cadžuje || cážuveje || tecážuseje || ocážuveje || otecážuseje | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd dual || cadžuke || cážuveke || tecážuseke || ocážuveke || otecážuseke | |||
|} | |||
{|border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;" | |||
! ''Subjunctive'' !! Present !! Past !! Future | |||
|- | |||
| 1st sing. || cadža || cážavu || tecážasu | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd sing. || cadžac || cážavec || tecážasec | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd sing. || cadža || cážav || tecážase | |||
|- | |||
| 1st plu. || cadžan || cážaven || tecážasen | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd plu. || cadžaj || cážavej || tecážasej | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd plu. || cadžak || cážavek || tecážasek | |||
|- | |||
| 1st dual || cadžane || cážavene || tecážasene | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd dual || cadžaje || cážaveje || tecážaseje | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd dual || cadžake || cážaveke || tecážaseke | |||
|} | |||
{|border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;" | |||
! ''Optative'' !! Present !! Past !! Future | |||
|- | |||
| 1st sing. || cadži || cáživu || tecážisu | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd sing. || cadžic || cáživec || tecážisec | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd sing. || cadži || cáživ || tecážise | |||
|- | |||
| 1st plu. || cadžin || cáživen || tecážisen | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd plu. || cadžij || cáživej || tecážisej | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd plu. || cadžik || cáživek || tecážisek | |||
|- | |||
| 1st dual || cadžine || cáživene || tecážisene | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd dual || cadžije || cáživeje || tecážiseje | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd dual || cadžike || cáživeke || tecážiseke | |||
|} | |||
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! ''Imperative'' !! Present | |||
|- | |||
| 1st sing. || - | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd sing. || cáž | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd sing. || cáža | |||
|- | |||
| 1st plu. || cážjen | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd plu. || cážač | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd plu. || cážak | |||
|- | |||
| 1st dual || cážjene | |||
|- | |||
| 2nd dual || cážače | |||
|- | |||
| 3rd dual || cážake | |||
|} | |||
'''Participles''': | |||
{|border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;" | |||
! Present !! Past !! Future | |||
|- | |||
| cážáv || ocážáv || tecážáv | |||
|} | |||
==Participial declension== | ==Participial declension== | ||
| Line 548: | Line 649: | ||
| Delative || kelačád|| kelačýd|| kelátetyn | | Delative || kelačád|| kelačýd|| kelátetyn | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Lánc|Tables]] | |||
Latest revision as of 08:14, 11 October 2009
- Main article: Lánc
Here there are some exemplifying conjugation tables for every type of Lantian verbs, the two conjugation patterns and irregular types.
1st conjugation - Verb keluč
Active declension
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kelu | keluvu | tekelusu | okeluvu | otekelusu |
| 2nd sing. | keluc | keluvec | tekelusec | okeluvec | otekelusec |
| 3rd sing. | kele | keluv | tekeluse | okeluv | otekeluse |
| 1st plu. | kelun | keluven | tekelusen | okeluven | otekelusen |
| 2nd plu. | keluj | keluvej | tekelusej | okeluvej | otekelusej |
| 3rd plu. | keluk | keluvek | tekelusek | okeluvek | otekelusek |
| 1st dual | kelune | keluvene | tekelusene | okeluvene | otekelusene |
| 2nd dual | keluje | keluveje | tekeluseje | okeluveje | otekeluseje |
| 3rd dual | keluke | keluveke | tekeluseke | okeluveke | otekeluseke |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kela | kelavu | tekelasu |
| 2nd sing. | kelac | kelavec | tekelasec |
| 3rd sing. | kela | kelav | tekelase |
| 1st plu. | kelan | kelaven | tekelasen |
| 2nd plu. | kelaj | kelavej | tekelasej |
| 3rd plu. | kelak | kelavek | tekelasek |
| 1st dual | kelane | kelavene | tekelasene |
| 2nd dual | kelaje | kelaveje | tekelaseje |
| 3rd dual | kelake | kelaveke | tekelaseke |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | keli | kelivu | tekelisu |
| 2nd sing. | kelic | kelivec | tekelisec |
| 3rd sing. | keli | keliv | tekelise |
| 1st plu. | kelin | keliven | tekelisen |
| 2nd plu. | kelij | kelivej | tekelisej |
| 3rd plu. | kelik | kelivek | tekelisek |
| 1st dual | keline | kelivene | tekelisene |
| 2nd dual | kelije | keliveje | tekeliseje |
| 3rd dual | kelike | keliveke | tekeliseke |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | kel |
| 3rd sing. | kela |
| 1st plu. | keljen |
| 2nd plu. | kelač |
| 3rd plu. | kelak |
| 1st dual | keljene |
| 2nd dual | kelače |
| 3rd dual | kelake |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| keláv | okeláv | tekeláv |
Passive declension
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kelus | keluvus | tekelusus | okeluvus | otekelusus |
| 2nd sing. | kelucis | keluvecis | tekelusecis | okeluvecis | otekelusecis |
| 3rd sing. | keles | keluvis | tekeluses | okeluvis | otekeluses |
| 1st plu. | kelunis | keluvenis | tekelusenis | okeluvenis | otekelusenis |
| 2nd plu. | kelujis | keluvejis | tekelusejis | okeluvejis | otekelusejis |
| 3rd plu. | kelukis | keluvekis | tekelusekis | okeluvekis | otekelusekis |
| 1st dual | kelunes | keluvenes | tekelusenes | okeluvenes | otekelusenes |
| 2nd dual | kelujes | keluvejes | tekelusejes | okeluvejes | otekelusejes |
| 3rd dual | kelukes | keluvekes | tekelusekes | okeluvekes | otekelusekes |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kelas | kelavus | tekelasus |
| 2nd sing. | kelacis | kelavecis | tekelasecis |
| 3rd sing. | kelas | kelavis | tekelases |
| 1st plu. | kelanis | kelavenis | tekelasenis |
| 2nd plu. | kelajis | kelavejis | tekelasejis |
| 3rd plu. | kelakis | kelavekis | tekelasekis |
| 1st dual | kelanes | kelavenes | tekelasenes |
| 2nd dual | kelajes | kelavejes | tekelasejes |
| 3rd dual | kelakes | kelavekes | tekelasekes |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kelis | kelivus | tekelisus |
| 2nd sing. | kelicis | kelivecis | tekelisecis |
| 3rd sing. | kelis | kelivis | tekelises |
| 1st plu. | kelinis | kelivenis | tekelisenis |
| 2nd plu. | kelijis | kelivejis | tekelisejis |
| 3rd plu. | kelikis | kelivekis | tekelisekis |
| 1st dual | kelines | kelivenes | tekelisenes |
| 2nd dual | kelijes | kelivejes | tekelisejes |
| 3rd dual | kelikes | kelivekes | tekelisekes |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | kelis |
| 3rd sing. | kelas |
| 1st plu. | keljenis |
| 2nd plu. | kelačis |
| 3rd plu. | kelakis |
| 1st dual | keljenes |
| 2nd dual | kelačes |
| 3rd dual | kelakes |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| kelát | okelát | tekelát |
2nd conjugation - Verb setor
Active declension
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | setu | setevu | tesetesu | osetevu | otesetesu |
| 2nd sing. | setec | setevec | tesetesec | osetevec | otesetesec |
| 3rd sing. | sete | setev | tesetese | osetev | otesetese |
| 1st plu. | seten | seteven | tesetesen | oseteven | otesetesen |
| 2nd plu. | setej | setevej | tesetesej | osetevej | otesetesej |
| 3rd plu. | setek | setevek | tesetesek | osetevek | otesetesek |
| 1st dual | setene | setevene | tesetesene | osetevene | otesetesene |
| 2nd dual | seteje | seteveje | teseteseje | oseteveje | oteseteseje |
| 3rd dual | seteke | seteveke | teseteseke | oseteveke | oteseteseke |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | seta | setavu | tesetasu |
| 2nd sing. | setac | setavec | tesetasec |
| 3rd sing. | seta | setav | tesetase |
| 1st plu. | setan | setaven | tesetasen |
| 2nd plu. | setaj | setavej | tesetasej |
| 3rd plu. | setak | setavek | tesetasek |
| 1st dual | setane | setavene | tesetasene |
| 2nd dual | setaje | setaveje | tesetaseje |
| 3rd dual | setake | setaveke | tesetaseke |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | seti | setivu | tesetisu |
| 2nd sing. | setic | setivec | tesetisec |
| 3rd sing. | seti | setiv | tesetise |
| 1st plu. | setin | setiven | tesetisen |
| 2nd plu. | setij | setivej | tesetisej |
| 3rd plu. | setik | setivek | tesetisek |
| 1st dual | setine | setivene | tesetisene |
| 2nd dual | setije | setiveje | tesetiseje |
| 3rd dual | setike | setiveke | tesetiseke |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | set |
| 3rd sing. | seta |
| 1st plu. | setjen |
| 2nd plu. | setač |
| 3rd plu. | setak |
| 1st dual | setjene |
| 2nd dual | setače |
| 3rd dual | setake |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| setáv | osetáv | tesetáv |
Passive declension
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | setus | setevus | tesetesus | osetevus | otesetesus |
| 2nd sing. | setecis | setevecis | tesetesecis | osetevecis | otesetesecis |
| 3rd sing. | setes | setevis | teseteses | osetevis | oteseteses |
| 1st plu. | setenis | setevenis | tesetesenis | osetevenis | otesetesenis |
| 2nd plu. | setejis | setevejis | tesetesejis | osetevejis | otesetesejis |
| 3rd plu. | setekis | setevekis | tesetesekis | osetevekis | otesetesekis |
| 1st dual | setenes | setevenes | tesetesenes | osetevenes | otesetesenes |
| 2nd dual | setejes | setevejes | tesetesejes | osetevejes | otesetesejes |
| 3rd dual | setekes | setevekes | tesetesekes | osetevekes | otesetesekes |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | setas | setavus | tesetasus |
| 2nd sing. | setacis | setavecis | tesetasecis |
| 3rd sing. | setas | setavis | tesetases |
| 1st plu. | setanis | setavenis | tesetasenis |
| 2nd plu. | setajis | setavejis | tesetasejis |
| 3rd plu. | setakis | setavekis | tesetasekis |
| 1st dual | setanes | setavenes | tesetasenes |
| 2nd dual | setajes | setavejes | tesetasejes |
| 3rd dual | setakes | setavekes | tesetasekes |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | setis | setivus | tesetisus |
| 2nd sing. | seticis | setivecis | tesetisecis |
| 3rd sing. | setis | setivis | tesetises |
| 1st plu. | setinis | setivenis | tesetisenis |
| 2nd plu. | setijis | setivejis | tesetisejis |
| 3rd plu. | setikis | setivekis | tesetisekis |
| 1st dual | setines | setivenes | tesetisenes |
| 2nd dual | setijes | setivejes | tesetisejes |
| 3rd dual | setikes | setivekes | tesetisekes |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | setis |
| 3rd sing. | setas |
| 1st plu. | setjenis |
| 2nd plu. | setačis |
| 3rd plu. | setakis |
| 1st dual | setjenes |
| 2nd dual | setačes |
| 3rd dual | setakes |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| setát | osetát | tesetát |
Irregular verbs
Type 2
Type 2 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the double palatalization of the final consonant of the root, in this case -k- [k], which palatalizes in -č- [ʧ] in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to -j- [j] in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive.
Subtype A - Verb rokor
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | roču | rójevu | terójesu | orójevu | oterójesu |
| 2nd sing. | ročec | rójevec | terójesec | orójevec | oterójesec |
| 3rd sing. | roče | rójev | terójese | orójev | oterójese |
| 1st plu. | ročen | rójeven | terójesen | orójeven | oterójesen |
| 2nd plu. | ročej | rójevej | terójesej | orójevej | oterójesej |
| 3rd plu. | roček | rójevek | terójesek | orójevek | oterójesek |
| 1st dual | ročene | rójevene | terójesene | orójevene | oterójesene |
| 2nd dual | ročeje | rójeveje | terójeseje | orójeveje | oterójeseje |
| 3rd dual | ročeke | rójeveke | terójeseke | orójeveke | oterójeseke |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | roča | rójavu | terójasu |
| 2nd sing. | ročac | rójavec | terójasec |
| 3rd sing. | roča | rójav | terójase |
| 1st plu. | ročan | rójaven | terójasen |
| 2nd plu. | ročaj | rójavej | terójasej |
| 3rd plu. | ročak | rójavek | terójasek |
| 1st dual | ročane | rójavene | terójasene |
| 2nd dual | ročaje | rójaveje | terójaseje |
| 3rd dual | ročake | rójaveke | terójaseke |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | roči | rójivu | terójisu |
| 2nd sing. | ročic | rójivec | terójisec |
| 3rd sing. | roči | rójiv | terójise |
| 1st plu. | ročin | rójiven | terójisen |
| 2nd plu. | ročij | rójivej | terójisej |
| 3rd plu. | ročik | rójivek | terójisek |
| 1st dual | ročine | rójivene | terójisene |
| 2nd dual | ročije | rójiveje | terójiseje |
| 3rd dual | ročike | rójiveke | terójiseke |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | rój |
| 3rd sing. | rója |
| 1st plu. | rójen |
| 2nd plu. | rójač |
| 3rd plu. | rójak |
| 1st dual | rójene |
| 2nd dual | rójače |
| 3rd dual | rójake |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| rójáv | orójáv | terójáv |
Type 3
Type 3 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the double palatalization of the final consonant of the root, in this case -g- [g], which palatalizes in -dž- [ʤ] in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to -ž- [ʒ] in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive.
Type 4
Type 4 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the double palatalization of the final consonant of the root, in this case -d- [d], which palatalizes in -dž- [ʤ] in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to -ž- [ʒ] in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive.
Subtype A - Verb caduč
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | cadžu | cážuvu | tecážusu | ocážuvu | otecážusu |
| 2nd sing. | cadžuc | cážuvec | tecážusec | ocážuvec | otecážusec |
| 3rd sing. | cadže | cážuv | tecážuse | ocážuv | otecážuse |
| 1st plu. | cadžun | cážuven | tecážusen | ocážuven | otecážusen |
| 2nd plu. | cadžuj | cážuvej | tecážusej | ocážuvej | otecážusej |
| 3rd plu. | cadžuk | cážuvek | tecážusek | ocážuvek | otecážusek |
| 1st dual | cadžune | cážuvene | tecážusene | ocážuvene | otecážusene |
| 2nd dual | cadžuje | cážuveje | tecážuseje | ocážuveje | otecážuseje |
| 3rd dual | cadžuke | cážuveke | tecážuseke | ocážuveke | otecážuseke |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | cadža | cážavu | tecážasu |
| 2nd sing. | cadžac | cážavec | tecážasec |
| 3rd sing. | cadža | cážav | tecážase |
| 1st plu. | cadžan | cážaven | tecážasen |
| 2nd plu. | cadžaj | cážavej | tecážasej |
| 3rd plu. | cadžak | cážavek | tecážasek |
| 1st dual | cadžane | cážavene | tecážasene |
| 2nd dual | cadžaje | cážaveje | tecážaseje |
| 3rd dual | cadžake | cážaveke | tecážaseke |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | cadži | cáživu | tecážisu |
| 2nd sing. | cadžic | cáživec | tecážisec |
| 3rd sing. | cadži | cáživ | tecážise |
| 1st plu. | cadžin | cáživen | tecážisen |
| 2nd plu. | cadžij | cáživej | tecážisej |
| 3rd plu. | cadžik | cáživek | tecážisek |
| 1st dual | cadžine | cáživene | tecážisene |
| 2nd dual | cadžije | cáživeje | tecážiseje |
| 3rd dual | cadžike | cáživeke | tecážiseke |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | cáž |
| 3rd sing. | cáža |
| 1st plu. | cážjen |
| 2nd plu. | cážač |
| 3rd plu. | cážak |
| 1st dual | cážjene |
| 2nd dual | cážače |
| 3rd dual | cážake |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| cážáv | ocážáv | tecážáv |
Participial declension
We're going to present only the present tense declension, because the other tenses' declensions are identical to their present form (except for prefixes):
Active declension
| keláv | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Dual |
| Nominative | keláv | kelavy | kelavet |
| Genitive | kelavu | kelavyw | kelavetu |
| Dative | kelava | kelavya | kelavetu |
| Accusative | kelavo | kelavyo | kelavet |
| Instrumental | kelaven | kelavyen | kelavetyn |
| Locative | kelavot | kelavyt | kelavec |
| Adlative | kelavás | kelavýs | kelavetu |
| Delative | kelavád | kelavýd | kelavetyn |
Passive declension
| kelát | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Dual |
| Nominative | kelát | kelačy | kelátet |
| Genitive | kelátu | kelaču | kelátetu |
| Dative | kelača | kelačay | kelátetu |
| Accusative | kelátwo | kelačoy | kelátet |
| Instrumental | kelačen | kelačeyn | kelátetyn |
| Locative | kelačot | kelačyt | kelátec |
| Adlative | kelačás | kelačýs | kelátetu |
| Delative | kelačád | kelačýd | kelátetyn |
