Lánc conjugation tables: Difference between revisions
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==Irregular verbs== | ==Irregular verbs== | ||
===Type 2=== | ===Type 2=== | ||
Type 2 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature the ''double palatalization'' of the final consonant of the root, in this case ''-k-'' {{IPA|[k]}}, which palatalizes in ''-č-'' {{IPA|[ʧ]}} in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to ''-j-'' {{IPA|[j]}} in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive. | Type 2 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the ''double palatalization'' of the final consonant of the root, in this case ''-k-'' {{IPA|[k]}}, which palatalizes in ''-č-'' {{IPA|[ʧ]}} in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to ''-j-'' {{IPA|[j]}} in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive. | ||
====Subtype A - Verb ''rokor''==== | ====Subtype A - Verb ''rokor''==== | ||
| Line 296: | Line 296: | ||
| rójáv || orójáv || terójáv | | rójáv || orójáv || terójáv | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Type 3=== | |||
Type 3 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the ''double palatalization'' of the final consonant of the root, in this case ''-g-'' {{IPA|[g]}}, which palatalizes in ''-dž-'' {{IPA|[ʤ]}} in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to ''-ž-'' {{IPA|[ʒ]}} in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive. | |||
==Participial declension== | ==Participial declension== | ||
Revision as of 07:24, 16 September 2009
Here there are some exemplifying conjugation tables for every type of Lantian verbs, the two conjugation patterns and irregular types.
1st conjugation - Verb keluč
Active declension
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kelu | keluvu | tekelusu | okeluvu | otekelusu |
| 2nd sing. | keluc | keluvec | tekelusec | okeluvec | otekelusec |
| 3rd sing. | kele | keluv | tekeluse | okeluv | otekeluse |
| 1st plu. | kelun | keluven | tekelusen | okeluven | otekelusen |
| 2nd plu. | keluj | keluvej | tekelusej | okeluvej | otekelusej |
| 3rd plu. | keluk | keluvek | tekelusek | okeluvek | otekelusek |
| 1st dual | kelune | keluvene | tekelusene | okeluvene | otekelusene |
| 2nd dual | keluje | keluveje | tekeluseje | okeluveje | otekeluseje |
| 3rd dual | keluke | keluveke | tekeluseke | okeluveke | otekeluseke |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kela | kelavu | tekelasu |
| 2nd sing. | kelac | kelavec | tekelasec |
| 3rd sing. | kela | kelav | tekelase |
| 1st plu. | kelan | kelaven | tekelasen |
| 2nd plu. | kelaj | kelavej | tekelasej |
| 3rd plu. | kelak | kelavek | tekelasek |
| 1st dual | kelane | kelavene | tekelasene |
| 2nd dual | kelaje | kelaveje | tekelaseje |
| 3rd dual | kelake | kelaveke | tekelaseke |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | keli | kelivu | tekelisu |
| 2nd sing. | kelic | kelivec | tekelisec |
| 3rd sing. | keli | keliv | tekelise |
| 1st plu. | kelin | keliven | tekelisen |
| 2nd plu. | kelij | kelivej | tekelisej |
| 3rd plu. | kelik | kelivek | tekelisek |
| 1st dual | keline | kelivene | tekelisene |
| 2nd dual | kelije | keliveje | tekeliseje |
| 3rd dual | kelike | keliveke | tekeliseke |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | kel |
| 3rd sing. | kela |
| 1st plu. | keljen |
| 2nd plu. | kelač |
| 3rd plu. | kelak |
| 1st dual | keljene |
| 2nd dual | kelače |
| 3rd dual | kelake |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| keláv | okeláv | tekeláv |
Passive declension
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kelus | keluvus | tekelusus | okeluvus | otekelusus |
| 2nd sing. | kelucis | keluvecis | tekelusecis | okeluvecis | otekelusecis |
| 3rd sing. | keles | keluvis | tekeluses | okeluvis | otekeluses |
| 1st plu. | kelunis | keluvenis | tekelusenis | okeluvenis | otekelusenis |
| 2nd plu. | kelujis | keluvejis | tekelusejis | okeluvejis | otekelusejis |
| 3rd plu. | kelukis | keluvekis | tekelusekis | okeluvekis | otekelusekis |
| 1st dual | kelunes | keluvenes | tekelusenes | okeluvenes | otekelusenes |
| 2nd dual | kelujes | keluvejes | tekelusejes | okeluvejes | otekelusejes |
| 3rd dual | kelukes | keluvekes | tekelusekes | okeluvekes | otekelusekes |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kelas | kelavus | tekelasus |
| 2nd sing. | kelacis | kelavecis | tekelasecis |
| 3rd sing. | kelas | kelavis | tekelases |
| 1st plu. | kelanis | kelavenis | tekelasenis |
| 2nd plu. | kelajis | kelavejis | tekelasejis |
| 3rd plu. | kelakis | kelavekis | tekelasekis |
| 1st dual | kelanes | kelavenes | tekelasenes |
| 2nd dual | kelajes | kelavejes | tekelasejes |
| 3rd dual | kelakes | kelavekes | tekelasekes |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | kelis | kelivus | tekelisus |
| 2nd sing. | kelicis | kelivecis | tekelisecis |
| 3rd sing. | kelis | kelivis | tekelises |
| 1st plu. | kelinis | kelivenis | tekelisenis |
| 2nd plu. | kelijis | kelivejis | tekelisejis |
| 3rd plu. | kelikis | kelivekis | tekelisekis |
| 1st dual | kelines | kelivenes | tekelisenes |
| 2nd dual | kelijes | kelivejes | tekelisejes |
| 3rd dual | kelikes | kelivekes | tekelisekes |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | kelis |
| 3rd sing. | kelas |
| 1st plu. | keljenis |
| 2nd plu. | kelačis |
| 3rd plu. | kelakis |
| 1st dual | keljenes |
| 2nd dual | kelačes |
| 3rd dual | kelakes |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| kelát | okelát | tekelát |
Irregular verbs
Type 2
Type 2 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the double palatalization of the final consonant of the root, in this case -k- [k], which palatalizes in -č- [ʧ] in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to -j- [j] in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive.
Subtype A - Verb rokor
| Indicative | Present | Past | Future | Plusquamperfect | Future in the past |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | roču | rójevu | terójesu | orójevu | oterójesu |
| 2nd sing. | ročec | rójevec | terójesec | orójevec | oterójesec |
| 3rd sing. | roče | rójev | terójese | orójev | oterójese |
| 1st plu. | ročen | rójeven | terójesen | orójeven | oterójesen |
| 2nd plu. | ročej | rójevej | terójesej | orójevej | oterójesej |
| 3rd plu. | roček | rójevek | terójesek | orójevek | oterójesek |
| 1st dual | ročene | rójevene | terójesene | orójevene | oterójesene |
| 2nd dual | ročeje | rójeveje | terójeseje | orójeveje | oterójeseje |
| 3rd dual | ročeke | rójeveke | terójeseke | orójeveke | oterójeseke |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | roča | rójavu | terójasu |
| 2nd sing. | ročac | rójavec | terójasec |
| 3rd sing. | roča | rójav | terójase |
| 1st plu. | ročan | rójaven | terójasen |
| 2nd plu. | ročaj | rójavej | terójasej |
| 3rd plu. | ročak | rójavek | terójasek |
| 1st dual | ročane | rójavene | terójasene |
| 2nd dual | ročaje | rójaveje | terójaseje |
| 3rd dual | ročake | rójaveke | terójaseke |
| Optative | Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | roči | rójivu | terójisu |
| 2nd sing. | ročic | rójivec | terójisec |
| 3rd sing. | roči | rójiv | terójise |
| 1st plu. | ročin | rójiven | terójisen |
| 2nd plu. | ročij | rójivej | terójisej |
| 3rd plu. | ročik | rójivek | terójisek |
| 1st dual | ročine | rójivene | terójisene |
| 2nd dual | ročije | rójiveje | terójiseje |
| 3rd dual | ročike | rójiveke | terójiseke |
| Imperative | Present |
|---|---|
| 1st sing. | - |
| 2nd sing. | rój |
| 3rd sing. | rója |
| 1st plu. | rójen |
| 2nd plu. | rójač |
| 3rd plu. | rójak |
| 1st dual | rójene |
| 2nd dual | rójače |
| 3rd dual | rójake |
Participles:
| Present | Past | Future |
|---|---|---|
| rójáv | orójáv | terójáv |
Type 3
Type 3 irregular verbs have as distinctive feature, the double palatalization of the final consonant of the root, in this case -g- [g], which palatalizes in -dž- [ʤ] in the present tense of the three main moods, and then reduces to -ž- [ʒ] in the other tenses. The second palatalization (or reduction) usually lenghtens (Subtype A) a root short vowel or shortens (Subtype B) a root long vowel. In Subtype C the root vowel lengthens in every tense except infinitive.
Participial declension
We're going to present only the present tense declension, because the other tenses' declensions are identical to their present form (except for prefixes):
Active declension
| keláv | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Dual |
| Nominative | keláv | kelavy | kelavet |
| Genitive | kelavu | kelavyw | kelavetu |
| Dative | kelava | kelavya | kelavetu |
| Accusative | kelavo | kelavyo | kelavet |
| Instrumental | kelaven | kelavyen | kelavetyn |
| Locative | kelavot | kelavyt | kelavec |
| Adlative | kelavás | kelavýs | kelavetu |
| Delative | kelavád | kelavýd | kelavetyn |
Passive declension
| kelát | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Dual |
| Nominative | kelát | kelačy | kelátet |
| Genitive | kelátu | kelaču | kelátetu |
| Dative | kelača | kelačay | kelátetu |
| Accusative | kelátwo | kelačoy | kelátet |
| Instrumental | kelačen | kelačeyn | kelátetyn |
| Locative | kelačot | kelačyt | kelátec |
| Adlative | kelačás | kelačýs | kelátetu |
| Delative | kelačád | kelačýd | kelátetyn |
