Proto-Uralic/new: Difference between revisions

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(New page: Two newly proposed vowels for PU. {| cellpadding="0"| |- style="background:#FFA0A0" ! Lexeme !! Finnic !! Samic !! Mordvinic !! Mari !! Udmurt !! Komi !! Hungarian !! Mansi !! Khanty !! S...)
 
(the ô mess)
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Two newly proposed vowels for PU.
Two newly proposed vowels for PU.
* *ê produces Finnic *e/*ü, Samic *ɤ, Mordvinic *e; Mansi *i, Khanty *e, Samoyedic *ê > *i elsewhere, Nganasan /ɨ/
* *ô produces Finnic *o/*i, Samic *o, Mordvinic *o;


{| cellpadding="0"|
{| cellpadding="0"|
|- style="background:#FFA0A0"
|- style="background:#FFA0A0"
! Lexeme !! Finnic !! Samic !! Mordvinic !! Mari !! Udmurt !! Komi !! Hungarian !! Mansi !! Khanty !! Samoyedic
! Lexeme !! Finnic !! Samic !! Mordv. !! Mari !! Udmurt !! Komi !! Hung. !! Mansi !! Khanty !! Samoyedic
! Comments
! Comments
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="11" | *ê_i > pre-F./pre-S./Mordv. *e, Mansi *i, Samoyed *ê
! colspan="11" | *ê_i
|-
|-
| "lip"
| "to fear"
| - || *pɤŋsɤm || - || - || - || - || - || *piťem || *peɬem || *peptän
| *pel-kä- || *pɤlɤ- || peĺe- || - || pul- || pol- || feel- || *pil- || *peɬ- || *pêj-
|-
| "blood"
| *veri || *vɤrɤ || veŕ || wər || vir || vir || veer || *wiɣər || *wer || -
|-
| "water"
| *veti || - || veď || wət || vu || va || viiz || *wit || - || *wêt
|-
| "to go"
| *mene- || *mɤnɤ- || - || mije- || mɯnɯ- || mun- || mën- || *min- || *men- || *mên-
|-
|-
| "skin"
| "skin"
| *keti || *kɤtɤ || *keď || - || - || - || - || † || - || *kêti
| *keti || *kɤtɤ || *keď || - || - || - || - || - || - || *kêti
| †North Ms. ''kwoĺnä''?
|-
|-
| "to hit"
| "to hit"
| *löö- || - || - || lüe- || - || lɯj- || löv- || *li- || - || *jöw-
| *löö- || - || - || lüe- || - || lɯj- || löv- || *li- || - || *jöw-
| WTF. Laryngeal complications? *lêxi?
|-
|-
| "to go"
| "lip"
| *mene- || *mɤnɤ- || - || mije- || mɯnɯ- || mun- || mën- || *min- || *men- || *mên-
| - || *pɤŋsɤm || - || - || - || - || - || *piťem || *peɬem || *peptän
|-
| "to dodge"
| - || *kɤrvé- || - || - || - || - || kerül- || *kir- || '''*käärəɣ-''' || -
|-
| "to cook"
| - || *pɤsé- || || || pɯž- || pɤž- || föö- || '''*piit-''' || '''*pääɬ-''' || -
|-
| "skin"
| *keri || *kɤrɤ || keŕ || kər || kur || kor || keerëg || '''*kiir''' || '''*käär''' || -
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="11" | FV *e; Ob-Ugr./Samoyed *ê
|-
| "nest"
| *pesä || *peasé || pizə || pežäš || puz || poz || feesek || *pit || *peɬ || *pêtä
|-
|-
| "to fear"
| "thumb"
| *pel-kä- || *pɤlɤ- || peĺe- || - || pul- || pol- || feel- || *pil- || *peɬ- || *pêj-
| '''*peukalo''' || *pealké || '''päĺkä''' || - || pɤlɯ || pev || - || - || - || *pêj
|-
|-
| "blood"
| "to hit"
| *veri || *vɤrɤ || veŕ || wər || vir || vir || veer || *wiɣər || *wer || -
| *peeksä- || - || pikse- || - || pos- || pes- || - || - || - || *pitV-
|-
|-
| "water"
| "woman"
| *veti || - || veď || wət || vu || va || viiz || *wit || - || *wêt
| *nei-ti || *néjtɤ || ni || - || nɯl || nɯl || - || '''*nii''' || '''*niiŋ''' || *nê
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="11" | *ê_a
! colspan="11" | *ê_a
Line 44: Line 69:
| "heart"
| "heart"
| *sütän || *čɤðém || śedeɲ || šüüm || śulem || śɤlɤm || siiv || *šim || *sem || *sejə
| *sütän || *čɤðém || śedeɲ || šüüm || śulem || śɤlɤm || siiv || *šim || *sem || *sejə
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="11" | *ü_a (note similarity)
|-
| "to push"
| *lükkä- || - || - || - || - || - || lök- || *lük- || *lök- || -
|-
| "elbow"
| *küünärä || '''*kɤrńélé''' || keńeŕ || kəńer || gɯr || gɯrdža || köńök  || *küŋgəl || *köń-ŋääj || -
|-
| "with"
| *möö || *mɤŋé- || mej || möŋgə || - || mɯ- || mög- || - || - || -
|-
| "wart"
| *süklä || '''*čivlé''' || śiĺge || šəgəĺe || || || süĺ || || ||
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="11" | *ô_i
|-
| "3"
| *kolmet || *kolmɤ || kolmo || kɯm || kwiń  || kujim || haarom || kuurəm || kääɬəm || -
|-
| "minor river"
| *joki || *jokə || jov || joɣə || ju || ju || joo || *jɯɯ || - || -
|-
| "major river"
| *juka || - || - || || || || || || *jaaɣ || *jəka
| for comparision
|-
| "dry"
| *koski || koškɤ- || kośke- || koškə- || kwaś || koś || - || - || - || *kåsə-
| F. meaning "rapids", → S. *kóškɤ  ibid.
|-
| "bow"
| *jouci || '''*jóksɤ''' || joŋks || joŋež || || || || || || *jɯntə
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="11" | *ô_a
|-
| "I"
| *minä || *mon || mon || məń || mon || me || een || *äm || *mä || *mən
|-
| "thou"
| *tinä || *ton || ton || tiń || ton || te || te || - || - || *tən
|-
| "bird"
| *lintu || *lonté || - || luðə || - || - || luud || *luuntə || *låånt || -
|-
| "sleeve"
| *hija  || '''*soajé''' || || || || || || || ||
|-
| "sleeve"
| *hiha || *sɤsé || oža || sokš || suj || soj || ujj || *tɯɯjət || *ɬɯɯt || '''*tüəj'''
|-
| "to curse"
| *kiro- || *kɤro- || kor- || || || || || *kår- || *koorəm || *kərä-
|-
| ""
| *nila || || nola || || || || || || ||
|-
| "skin"
| *iho || *ɤsé || jožo  || juž || - || ež || - || - || - || -
|-
| "to bind"
| *sito- || || sodo- || || || || || || ||
|-
| "to sharpen"
| *hijo- || *sɤjé- || šova- || šume- || - || - || - || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
| || || || || || || || || ||
| || || || || || || || || ||
|}
|}

Revision as of 02:23, 18 May 2009

Two newly proposed vowels for PU.

  • *ê produces Finnic *e/*ü, Samic *ɤ, Mordvinic *e; Mansi *i, Khanty *e, Samoyedic *ê > *i elsewhere, Nganasan /ɨ/
  • *ô produces Finnic *o/*i, Samic *o, Mordvinic *o;
Lexeme Finnic Samic Mordv. Mari Udmurt Komi Hung. Mansi Khanty Samoyedic Comments
*ê_i
"to fear" *pel-kä- *pɤlɤ- peĺe- - pul- pol- feel- *pil- *peɬ- *pêj-
"blood" *veri *vɤrɤ veŕ wər vir vir veer *wiɣər *wer -
"water" *veti - veď wət vu va viiz *wit - *wêt
"to go" *mene- *mɤnɤ- - mije- mɯnɯ- mun- mën- *min- *men- *mên-
"skin" *keti *kɤtɤ *keď - - - - - - *kêti
"to hit" *löö- - - lüe- - lɯj- löv- *li- - *jöw- WTF. Laryngeal complications? *lêxi?
"lip" - *pɤŋsɤm - - - - - *piťem *peɬem *peptän
"to dodge" - *kɤrvé- - - - - kerül- *kir- *käärəɣ- -
"to cook" - *pɤsé- pɯž- pɤž- föö- *piit- *pääɬ- -
"skin" *keri *kɤrɤ keŕ kər kur kor keerëg *kiir *käär -
FV *e; Ob-Ugr./Samoyed *ê
"nest" *pesä *peasé pizə pežäš puz poz feesek *pit *peɬ *pêtä
"thumb" *peukalo *pealké päĺkä - pɤlɯ pev - - - *pêj
"to hit" *peeksä- - pikse- - pos- pes- - - - *pitV-
"woman" *nei-ti *néjtɤ ni - nɯl nɯl - *nii *niiŋ *nê
*ê_a
"corn" *jüvä - juv - ju jɯki - - - - ← IE *jewa (Avestan yava etc.) Also explained as "sporadic labialization" in F.
"glue" *tümä *ðɤmé - - ĺem ĺem - - - *jêmä
"thick" - *kɤsé - kəžgə kɯz kɯz - *køɬ - -
"heart" *sütän *čɤðém śedeɲ šüüm śulem śɤlɤm siiv *šim *sem *sejə
*ü_a (note similarity)
"to push" *lükkä- - - - - - lök- *lük- *lök- -
"elbow" *küünärä *kɤrńélé keńeŕ kəńer gɯr gɯrdža köńök *küŋgəl *köń-ŋääj -
"with" *möö *mɤŋé- mej möŋgə - mɯ- mög- - - -
"wart" *süklä *čivlé śiĺge šəgəĺe süĺ
*ô_i
"3" *kolmet *kolmɤ kolmo kɯm kwiń kujim haarom kuurəm kääɬəm -
"minor river" *joki *jokə jov joɣə ju ju joo *jɯɯ - -
"major river" *juka - - *jaaɣ *jəka for comparision
"dry" *koski koškɤ- kośke- koškə- kwaś koś - - - *kåsə- F. meaning "rapids", → S. *kóškɤ ibid.
"bow" *jouci *jóksɤ joŋks joŋež *jɯntə
*ô_a
"I" *minä *mon mon məń mon me een *äm *mä *mən
"thou" *tinä *ton ton tiń ton te te - - *tən
"bird" *lintu *lonté - luðə - - luud *luuntə *låånt -
"sleeve" *hija *soajé
"sleeve" *hiha *sɤsé oža sokš suj soj ujj *tɯɯjət *ɬɯɯt *tüəj
"to curse" *kiro- *kɤro- kor- *kår- *koorəm *kərä-
"" *nila nola
"skin" *iho *ɤsé jožo juž - ež - - - -
"to bind" *sito- sodo-
"to sharpen" *hijo- *sɤjé- šova- šume- - - - - - -
""
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