Palatal approximant: Difference between revisions
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This is the Palatal Glide/Approximant. It is also used as a semi-vowel, equivalent to the high front vowels /i/ or /ɪ/. It is often written in diphthongs for this reason. Thus /ai/ or /aɪ/ are similar or the same as /aj/. It is comes from Germanic languages that use '''j''' for /j/. | |||
{| border="1"; style="float:right;" valign="top" | {| border="1"; style="float:right;" valign="top" | ||
!style="background:#CCCCFF;" colspan=2 valign="center"| <big>j</big> | !style="background:#CCCCFF;" colspan=2 valign="center"| <big>j</big> | ||
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|} | |} | ||
=== | =Natlangs= | ||
'''[[English]]''' | ==[[Germanic Languages]]== | ||
===[[English]]=== | |||
====[[Anglo-Saxon]]==== | |||
In Anglo-Saxon, the Glide is represented by the symbol '''Ȝ''', '''ȝ''' (called yogh /jox/) and/or '''G''', '''g''' around a front vowel. Thus, '''gear''' is /jæar/. It was even used in the formation of diphthongs, so thus '''dæg''' is often pronounced like the modern Australian form /daj/. A common grammatical prefix was '''ge-''' /yə-/, used to indicate the past tense. | |||
====[[Middle English]]==== | |||
The symbol '''Ȝ''' was still used well into the Middle English era, and '''Y''', '''y''' was beginning to be pronounced /i/ or /ɪ/. It was also used along with '''I''', '''i''' to form some diphthongs. The prefix in Anglo-Saxon merged into '''y-''' but was pronounced /i-/ or /ji-/ depending on dialect. | |||
====[[Modern English]]==== | |||
In all forms of Modern English, '''Y''', '''y''' is used as the glide and occasionally as the diphthong. Thus '''year''' /yiɹ/ as a glide, and '''day''' /dej/ as the diphthong. | |||
===[[High German]]=== | |||
In High German, the symbol used for this symbol is '''J''', '''j'''. The word '''Jäger''' is pronounced /yegər/. For diphthongs different symbols are used. For /oj/, '''eu''' or '''äu''' is used, and for /aj/, '''ei''' or occasionally '''ai''' is used. | |||
==[[Japanese]]== | |||
{| | {| | ||
| Plain || | | Plain || や, よ, ゆ (ya, yo, yu) || 四, /jon/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
=Conlangs= | |||
==[[Toki Pona]]== | |||
{| | {| | ||
| Plain || | | Plain || j || jelo “yellow” | ||
|} | |} | ||
==[[Etimri]]== | |||
{| | {| | ||
| Plain || j || | | Plain || j || jof (fem) and jod (masc) “gross” | ||
|} | |} | ||
---- | ---- | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
==Sources== | |||
Back to [[IPA]] | |||
[[Category:Phonetic segments|j]] | [[Category:Phonetic segments|j]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:49, 25 April 2009
This is the Palatal Glide/Approximant. It is also used as a semi-vowel, equivalent to the high front vowels /i/ or /ɪ/. It is often written in diphthongs for this reason. Thus /ai/ or /aɪ/ are similar or the same as /aj/. It is comes from Germanic languages that use j for /j/.
| j | |
|---|---|
| Pulmonic Consonant | |
| IPA: | j |
| X-SAMPA: | j |
| Kirshenbaum: | j |
| Place of Articulation: | Palatal |
| Manner of Articulation: | Approximant |
| Phonological features: |
[+consonantal] |
Natlangs
Germanic Languages
English
Anglo-Saxon
In Anglo-Saxon, the Glide is represented by the symbol Ȝ, ȝ (called yogh /jox/) and/or G, g around a front vowel. Thus, gear is /jæar/. It was even used in the formation of diphthongs, so thus dæg is often pronounced like the modern Australian form /daj/. A common grammatical prefix was ge- /yə-/, used to indicate the past tense.
Middle English
The symbol Ȝ was still used well into the Middle English era, and Y, y was beginning to be pronounced /i/ or /ɪ/. It was also used along with I, i to form some diphthongs. The prefix in Anglo-Saxon merged into y- but was pronounced /i-/ or /ji-/ depending on dialect.
Modern English
In all forms of Modern English, Y, y is used as the glide and occasionally as the diphthong. Thus year /yiɹ/ as a glide, and day /dej/ as the diphthong.
High German
In High German, the symbol used for this symbol is J, j. The word Jäger is pronounced /yegər/. For diphthongs different symbols are used. For /oj/, eu or äu is used, and for /aj/, ei or occasionally ai is used.
Japanese
| Plain | や, よ, ゆ (ya, yo, yu) | 四, /jon/ |
Conlangs
Toki Pona
| Plain | j | jelo “yellow” |
Etimri
| Plain | j | jof (fem) and jod (masc) “gross” |
Sources
Back to IPA
