Proto-West Persian': Difference between revisions
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(→Changes from Proto-Persian': mutate!) |
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* lo vowels | * lo vowels | ||
** æ ɐ æː ɒː → a ə aː o₂ː | ** æ ɐ æː ɒː → a ə aː o₂ː | ||
* development of an initial mutation system from prefixation + partial or total elision of various function words | |||
** t-mutation: P → B, b d r w j → tw tr tr tw tj, aspirates (''??''), other consonants unaffected | |||
** q-mutation: (from Vq) | |||
** p-mutation: (from pV) | |||
** w-mutation: (from Vw) | |||
** null mutation: (from Vh) | |||
** m-mutation: initial /m/ occurs as syllabic; |mb mw| become /mm/, while |mn md| become /nn/ | |||
==Intermediate form== | ==Intermediate form== |
Revision as of 13:42, 11 September 2008
The branch further divides into the Bustaxoid and Tsonboid languages.
Changes from Proto-Persian'
- high vowels
- ɪ ʊ ɪː ʊː → i u əj əw
- ɪw ɪj ʊj → iw iː uj
- loss of difthongs in _w
- k → kʷ / w_C
- iw → yː
- ew → e₂ː
- æw → æː
- ow → uː
- əw → o₁ː
- stop phonation/MOA changes
- intervocalic lenition: b d → β ð
- intervocalic voicing: p t k q → b d ɡ ɢ
- loss of aspiration
- ʰp ʰt ʰk(ʷ) ʰq → p t k(ʷ) q
- pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ → ɸ θ x χ
- stop clusters with a 2nd voiced member become voiced thruout
- lo vowels
- æ ɐ æː ɒː → a ə aː o₂ː
- development of an initial mutation system from prefixation + partial or total elision of various function words
- t-mutation: P → B, b d r w j → tw tr tr tw tj, aspirates (??), other consonants unaffected
- q-mutation: (from Vq)
- p-mutation: (from pV)
- w-mutation: (from Vw)
- null mutation: (from Vh)
- m-mutation: initial /m/ occurs as syllabic; |mb mw| become /mm/, while |mn md| become /nn/
Intermediate form
Consonants
p | t | k | kʷ | q | |||
b | d | ɡ | ɡʷ | ɢ | |||
ɸ | θ | s | ɬ | x | xʷ | χ | h |
β | ð | ʁ | |||||
m | n | r | l | j | w |
No evidence exists of labialized uvulars.
/ɸ θ x xʷ/ could not occur intervocally, while /β ð/ could only occur there, thereby best being analyzable as allophones of their unvoiced counterparts.
Carrying over from Proto-Persian' was the feature that both nasals could occur before just about any consonants, apparently without any POA assimilation taking place. The existence of a separate, prenasal onglide for the folloing consonant has been proposed.
Vowels
The short vowel inventory is /i u e ə o a/, the long vowel inventory /iː yː uː eː oː aː/.
Two distinct types of /eː oː/ are reconstructed for PWP'. Most likely these are /eː oː/ and /ɛː ɔː/, but it remains unclear which are which. An alternate theory proposes /øː ɤː/ insted but with little additional clarification.