East-A Altaic': Difference between revisions
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m (tyop) |
(table) |
||
Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
*ʊ → o | *ʊ → o | ||
*fricativ voicing | *fricativ voicing | ||
*ʂ ʐ → x r | *retroflex loss: ʈ ʂ ʐ → q x r (probably occurs in phases — ʈ → q appears to be the oldest change) | ||
A typical phoneme system is (phonemes only occuring in few languages in parentheses): | |||
{| | |||
| | |||
! Labial | |||
! Dental /<br/> alveolar | |||
! Post-<br/>alveolar | |||
! Velar | |||
! Labial-<br/>velar | |||
! Uvular /<br/>glottal | |||
|- | |||
! Voiceless stops | |||
| align="center" | p | |||
| align="center" | t | |||
| align="center" | ʧ | |||
| align="center" | k | |||
| align="center" | kp | |||
| align="center" | q | |||
|- | |||
! Voiced stops | |||
| align="center" | b | |||
| align="center" | d | |||
| align="center" | ʤ | |||
| align="center" | ɡ | |||
| align="center" | ɡb | |||
|- | |||
! Voiceless fricativs | |||
| align="center" | (f) | |||
| align="center" | s | |||
| align="center" | ʃ | |||
| align="center" | x || | |||
| align="center" | h | |||
|- | |||
! Voiced fricativs | |||
| align="center" | v | |||
| align="center" | z | |||
| align="center" | ʒ | |||
| align="center" | (ɣ) | |||
|- | |||
! Nasals | |||
| align="center" | m | |||
| align="center" | n || | |||
| align="center" | ŋ | |||
| align="center" | ŋm | |||
|- | |||
! Approximants | |||
| | |||
| align="center" | l | |||
| align="center" | r j || | |||
| align="center" | w | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
{| | |||
! !! Front !! Lax !! Back | |||
|- | |||
! Hi | |||
| align="center" | i | |||
| align="center" | ɪ | |||
| align="center" | u | |||
|- | |||
! Mid | |||
| align="center" | e | |||
| align="center" | ʌ | |||
| align="center" | o | |||
|- | |||
! Lo | |||
| colspan="3" align="center" | a ~ ɑ | |||
|- | |||
|} |
Revision as of 04:05, 15 September 2007
A more conservativ subfamily of East Altaic', spoken in NW Himalayas.
Some sound changes from Proto-East Altaic':
- loss of contrastiv labialization in uvulars
- labialized velars → labial-velars
- ɜ → ʌ
- æ, ɑ → ɑ̵
- ʊ → o
- fricativ voicing
- retroflex loss: ʈ ʂ ʐ → q x r (probably occurs in phases — ʈ → q appears to be the oldest change)
A typical phoneme system is (phonemes only occuring in few languages in parentheses):
Labial | Dental / alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Velar | Labial- velar |
Uvular / glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Voiceless stops | p | t | ʧ | k | kp | q |
Voiced stops | b | d | ʤ | ɡ | ɡb | |
Voiceless fricativs | (f) | s | ʃ | x | h | |
Voiced fricativs | v | z | ʒ | (ɣ) | ||
Nasals | m | n | ŋ | ŋm | ||
Approximants | l | r j | w |
Front | Lax | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Hi | i | ɪ | u |
Mid | e | ʌ | o |
Lo | a ~ ɑ |