Modern Standard Imperial: Difference between revisions

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|align=center| ā /A:/
|align=center| ā /A:/
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'''Phonetic Realization and Allophonic Variation'''
Consonants
* Most consonants have different allophones for initial, intervocalic, and coda situations:
{| border=1
|-
! Phoneme || Initial || Intervocalic || Coda
|-
|p || [p_h] || [b] || [p_}]
|-
|b || [b_<] || [B] || [p_}]
|-
|ph || [f] || [f] || [f]
|-
|t || [t_h] || [d] || [t_}]
|-
|d || [d_<] || [D] || [t_}]
|-
|c || [tS_h] || [tS] || [k_}]
|-
|j || [dZ] || [dZ] || [k_}]
|-
|k || [k_h] || [g] || [k_}]
|-
|g || [g_<] || [G] || [k_}]
|-
|q || [q] || [?] || [?]
|-
|f || [f] || [v] || [v]
|-
|s || [s] || [z] || [h]
|-
|m || [m] || [~B] || [~B]
|-
|n || [n] || [~D] || [~]
|-
|l
|-
|r


== Inflectional Morphology ==
== Inflectional Morphology ==

Revision as of 14:02, 2 September 2007

Phonology

Phonemic Inventory

Consonants

POA Labials Dentals Palatals Velars Gutturals
Fortis stops p /p/ t /t/ c /tS/ k /k/ q /q/
Lenis stops b /b/ d /d/ j /dZ/ g /g/
Fortis fricatives ph /f/ th /T/ ch /C/ kh /x/ qh /H\/
Lenis fricatives f /f/ s /s/ ç /C/ x /x/ gh /<\/
Nasals m /m/ n /n/
Liquids l /l/ r /R/
Glides (u) /w/ (i) /j/ (u) /w/

Vowels

POA Front Short Front Long Front Rounded Near-Front Long Central Short Central Long Near-Back Long Back Short Back Long
Close i /i/ ī /i:/ ue /y:/ u /u/ ū /u:/
Near-close īh /I:/ ūh /U:/
Close-Mid ē /e:/ ō /o:/
Mid
Open-Mid e /E/ ēh /E:/ oe /2:/ o /O/ ōh /O:/
Near-Open
Open a /a/ ā /a:/ ā /A:/

Phonetic Realization and Allophonic Variation

Consonants

  • Most consonants have different allophones for initial, intervocalic, and coda situations:
Phoneme Initial Intervocalic Coda
p [p_h] [b] [p_}]
b [b_<] [B] [p_}]
ph [f] [f] [f]
t [t_h] [d] [t_}]
d [d_<] [D] [t_}]
c [tS_h] [tS] [k_}]
j [dZ] [dZ] [k_}]
k [k_h] [g] [k_}]
g [g_<] [G] [k_}]
q [q] [?] [?]
f [f] [v] [v]
s [s] [z] [h]
m [m] [~B] [~B]
n [n] [~D] [~]
l
r

Inflectional Morphology

Syntax